diff --git a/tests/phpunit/tests/user/query.php b/tests/phpunit/tests/user/query.php
index f3a0dcb4c5..a7d8a69727 100644
--- a/tests/phpunit/tests/user/query.php
+++ b/tests/phpunit/tests/user/query.php
@@ -5,11 +5,54 @@
  * @group user
  */
 class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
+	protected static $author_ids;
+	protected static $sub_ids;
+	protected static $editor_ids;
+	protected static $contrib_id;
+	protected static $admin_ids;
 
 	protected $user_id;
 
-	function setUp() {
-		parent::setUp();
+	public static function wpSetUpBeforeClass( $factory ) {
+		self::$author_ids = $factory->user->create_many( 4, array(
+			'role' => 'author'
+		) );
+
+		self::$sub_ids = $factory->user->create_many( 2, array(
+			'role' => 'subscriber',
+		) );
+
+		self::$editor_ids = $factory->user->create_many( 3, array(
+			'role' => 'editor',
+		) );
+
+		self::$contrib_id = $factory->user->create( array(
+			'role' => 'contributor',
+		) );
+
+		self::$admin_ids = $factory->user->create_many( 2, array(
+			'role' => 'administrator',
+		) );
+	}
+
+	public static function wpTearDownAfterClass() {
+		$sets = array(
+			self::$author_ids,
+			self::$sub_ids,
+			self::$editor_ids,
+			array( self::$contrib_id ),
+			self::$admin_ids
+		);
+
+		foreach ( $sets as $set ) {
+			foreach ( $set as $id ) {
+				if ( is_multisite() ) {
+					wpmu_delete_user( $id );
+				} else {
+					wp_delete_user( $id );
+				}
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
 	function test_get_and_set() {
@@ -31,83 +74,71 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	}
 
 	public function test_include_single() {
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 2 );
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'fields' => '',
-			'include' => $users[0],
+			'include' => self::$author_ids[0],
 		) );
 		$ids = $q->get_results();
 
-		$this->assertEquals( array( $users[0] ), $ids );
+		$this->assertEquals( array( self::$author_ids[0] ), $ids );
 	}
 
 	public function test_include_comma_separated() {
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 3 );
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'fields' => '',
-			'include' => $users[0] . ', ' . $users[2],
+			'include' => self::$author_ids[0] . ', ' . self::$author_ids[2],
 		) );
 		$ids = $q->get_results();
 
-		$this->assertEqualSets( array( $users[0], $users[2] ), $ids );
+		$this->assertEqualSets( array( self::$author_ids[0], self::$author_ids[2] ), $ids );
 	}
 
 	public function test_include_array() {
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 3 );
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'fields' => '',
-			'include' => array( $users[0], $users[2] ),
+			'include' => array( self::$author_ids[0], self::$author_ids[2] ),
 		) );
 		$ids = $q->get_results();
 
-		$this->assertEqualSets( array( $users[0], $users[2] ), $ids );
+		$this->assertEqualSets( array( self::$author_ids[0], self::$author_ids[2] ), $ids );
 	}
 
 	public function test_include_array_bad_values() {
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 3 );
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'fields' => '',
-			'include' => array( $users[0], 'foo', $users[2] ),
+			'include' => array( self::$author_ids[0], 'foo', self::$author_ids[2] ),
 		) );
 		$ids = $q->get_results();
 
-		$this->assertEqualSets( array( $users[0], $users[2] ), $ids );
+		$this->assertEqualSets( array( self::$author_ids[0], self::$author_ids[2] ), $ids );
 	}
 
 	public function test_exclude() {
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 3, array(
-			'role' => 'author',
-		) );
-
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'fields' => '',
-			'exclude' => $users[1],
+			'exclude' => self::$author_ids[1],
 		) );
 
 		$ids = $q->get_results();
 
 		// Indirect test in order to ignore default user created during installation.
 		$this->assertNotEmpty( $ids );
-		$this->assertNotContains( $users[1], $ids );
+		$this->assertNotContains( self::$author_ids[1], $ids );
 	}
 
 	public function test_get_all() {
-		$this->factory->user->create_many( 3, array(
-			'role' => 'author'
-		) );
-
 		$users = new WP_User_Query( array( 'blog_id' => get_current_blog_id() ) );
 		$users = $users->get_results();
 
 		// +1 for the default user created during installation.
-		$this->assertEquals( 4, count( $users ) );
+		$this->assertEquals( 13, count( $users ) );
 		foreach ( $users as $user ) {
 			$this->assertInstanceOf( 'WP_User', $user );
 		}
 
 		$users = new WP_User_Query( array( 'blog_id' => get_current_blog_id(), 'fields' => 'all_with_meta' ) );
 		$users = $users->get_results();
-		$this->assertEquals( 4, count( $users ) );
+		$this->assertEquals( 13, count( $users ) );
 		foreach ( $users as $user ) {
 			$this->assertInstanceOf( 'WP_User', $user );
 		}
@@ -135,22 +166,18 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	}
 
 	public function test_orderby_meta_value() {
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 3, array(
-			'role' => 'author'
-		) );
-
-		update_user_meta( $users[0], 'last_name', 'Jones' );
-		update_user_meta( $users[1], 'last_name', 'Albert' );
-		update_user_meta( $users[2], 'last_name', 'Zorro' );
+		update_user_meta( self::$author_ids[0], 'last_name', 'Jones' );
+		update_user_meta( self::$author_ids[1], 'last_name', 'Albert' );
+		update_user_meta( self::$author_ids[2], 'last_name', 'Zorro' );
 
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
-			'include' => $users,
+			'include' => self::$author_ids,
 			'meta_key' => 'last_name',
 			'orderby' => 'meta_value',
 			'fields' => 'ids'
 		) );
 
-		$expected = array( $users[1], $users[0], $users[2] );
+		$expected = array( self::$author_ids[3], self::$author_ids[1], self::$author_ids[0], self::$author_ids[2] );
 
 		$this->assertEquals( $expected, $q->get_results() );
 	}
@@ -159,22 +186,18 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 27887
 	 */
 	public function test_orderby_meta_value_num() {
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 3, array(
-			'role' => 'author'
-		) );
-
-		update_user_meta( $users[0], 'user_age', '101' );
-		update_user_meta( $users[1], 'user_age', '20' );
-		update_user_meta( $users[2], 'user_age', '25' );
+		update_user_meta( self::$author_ids[0], 'user_age', '101' );
+		update_user_meta( self::$author_ids[1], 'user_age', '20' );
+		update_user_meta( self::$author_ids[2], 'user_age', '25' );
 
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
-			'include' => $users,
+			'include' => self::$author_ids,
 			'meta_key' => 'user_age',
 			'orderby' => 'meta_value_num',
 			'fields' => 'ids'
 		) );
 
-		$expected = array( $users[1], $users[2], $users[0] );
+		$expected = array( self::$author_ids[1], self::$author_ids[2], self::$author_ids[0] );
 
 		$this->assertEquals( $expected, $q->get_results() );
 	}
@@ -183,22 +206,18 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 31265
 	 */
 	public function test_orderby_somekey_where_meta_key_is_somekey() {
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 3, array(
-			'role' => 'author'
-		) );
-
-		update_user_meta( $users[0], 'foo', 'zzz' );
-		update_user_meta( $users[1], 'foo', 'aaa' );
-		update_user_meta( $users[2], 'foo', 'jjj' );
+		update_user_meta( self::$author_ids[0], 'foo', 'zzz' );
+		update_user_meta( self::$author_ids[1], 'foo', 'aaa' );
+		update_user_meta( self::$author_ids[2], 'foo', 'jjj' );
 
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
-			'include' => $users,
+			'include' => self::$author_ids,
 			'meta_key' => 'foo',
 			'orderby' => 'foo',
 			'fields' => 'ids'
 		) );
 
-		$expected = array( $users[1], $users[2], $users[0] );
+		$expected = array( self::$author_ids[1], self::$author_ids[2], self::$author_ids[0] );
 
 		$this->assertEquals( $expected, $q->get_results() );
 	}
@@ -207,10 +226,9 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 31265
 	 */
 	public function test_orderby_clause_key() {
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 3 );
-		add_user_meta( $users[0], 'foo', 'aaa' );
-		add_user_meta( $users[1], 'foo', 'zzz' );
-		add_user_meta( $users[2], 'foo', 'jjj' );
+		add_user_meta( self::$author_ids[0], 'foo', 'aaa' );
+		add_user_meta( self::$author_ids[1], 'foo', 'zzz' );
+		add_user_meta( self::$author_ids[2], 'foo', 'jjj' );
 
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'fields' => 'ids',
@@ -224,20 +242,20 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 			'order' => 'DESC',
 		) );
 
-		$this->assertEquals( array( $users[1], $users[2], $users[0] ), $q->results );
+		$this->assertEquals( array( self::$author_ids[1], self::$author_ids[2], self::$author_ids[0] ), $q->results );
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * @ticket 31265
 	 */
 	public function test_orderby_clause_key_as_secondary_sort() {
-		$u1 = $this->factory->user->create( array(
+		$u1 = self::$static_factory->user->create( array(
 			'user_registered' => '2015-01-28 03:00:00',
 		) );
-		$u2 = $this->factory->user->create( array(
+		$u2 = self::$static_factory->user->create( array(
 			'user_registered' => '2015-01-28 05:00:00',
 		) );
-		$u3 = $this->factory->user->create( array(
+		$u3 = self::$static_factory->user->create( array(
 			'user_registered' => '2015-01-28 03:00:00',
 		) );
 
@@ -266,14 +284,12 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 31265
 	 */
 	public function test_orderby_more_than_one_clause_key() {
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 3 );
-
-		add_user_meta( $users[0], 'foo', 'jjj' );
-		add_user_meta( $users[1], 'foo', 'zzz' );
-		add_user_meta( $users[2], 'foo', 'jjj' );
-		add_user_meta( $users[0], 'bar', 'aaa' );
-		add_user_meta( $users[1], 'bar', 'ccc' );
-		add_user_meta( $users[2], 'bar', 'bbb' );
+		add_user_meta( self::$author_ids[0], 'foo', 'jjj' );
+		add_user_meta( self::$author_ids[1], 'foo', 'zzz' );
+		add_user_meta( self::$author_ids[2], 'foo', 'jjj' );
+		add_user_meta( self::$author_ids[0], 'bar', 'aaa' );
+		add_user_meta( self::$author_ids[1], 'bar', 'ccc' );
+		add_user_meta( self::$author_ids[2], 'bar', 'bbb' );
 
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'fields' => 'ids',
@@ -293,7 +309,7 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 			),
 		) );
 
-		$this->assertEquals( array( $users[2], $users[0], $users[1] ), $q->results );
+		$this->assertEquals( array( self::$author_ids[2], self::$author_ids[0], self::$author_ids[1] ), $q->results );
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -313,18 +329,17 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	public function test_orderby_include() {
 		global $wpdb;
 
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 4 );
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'orderby' => 'include',
-			'include' => array( $users[1], $users[0], $users[3] ),
+			'include' => array( self::$author_ids[1], self::$author_ids[0], self::$author_ids[3] ),
 			'fields' => '',
 		) );
 
-		$expected_orderby = 'ORDER BY FIELD( ' . $wpdb->users . '.ID, ' . $users[1] . ',' . $users[0] . ',' . $users[3] . ' )';
+		$expected_orderby = 'ORDER BY FIELD( ' . $wpdb->users . '.ID, ' . self::$author_ids[1] . ',' . self::$author_ids[0] . ',' . self::$author_ids[3] . ' )';
 		$this->assertContains( $expected_orderby, $q->query_orderby );
 
 		// assertEquals() respects order but ignores type (get_results() returns numeric strings).
-		$this->assertEquals( array( $users[1], $users[0], $users[3] ), $q->get_results() );
+		$this->assertEquals( array( self::$author_ids[1], self::$author_ids[0], self::$author_ids[3] ), $q->get_results() );
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -333,26 +348,23 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	public function test_orderby_include_duplicate_values() {
 		global $wpdb;
 
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 4 );
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'orderby' => 'include',
-			'include' => array( $users[1], $users[0], $users[1], $users[3] ),
+			'include' => array( self::$author_ids[1], self::$author_ids[0], self::$author_ids[1], self::$author_ids[3] ),
 			'fields' => '',
 		) );
 
-		$expected_orderby = 'ORDER BY FIELD( ' . $wpdb->users . '.ID, ' . $users[1] . ',' . $users[0] . ',' . $users[3] . ' )';
+		$expected_orderby = 'ORDER BY FIELD( ' . $wpdb->users . '.ID, ' . self::$author_ids[1] . ',' . self::$author_ids[0] . ',' . self::$author_ids[3] . ' )';
 		$this->assertContains( $expected_orderby, $q->query_orderby );
 
 		// assertEquals() respects order but ignores type (get_results() returns numeric strings).
-		$this->assertEquals( array( $users[1], $users[0], $users[3] ), $q->get_results() );
+		$this->assertEquals( array( self::$author_ids[1], self::$author_ids[0], self::$author_ids[3] ), $q->get_results() );
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * @ticket 31265
 	 */
 	public function test_orderby_space_separated() {
-		global $wpdb;
-
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'orderby' => 'login nicename',
 			'order' => 'ASC',
@@ -365,8 +377,6 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 31265
 	 */
 	public function test_orderby_flat_array() {
-		global $wpdb;
-
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'orderby' => array( 'login', 'nicename' ),
 		) );
@@ -378,8 +388,6 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 31265
 	 */
 	public function test_orderby_array_contains_invalid_item() {
-		global $wpdb;
-
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'orderby' => array( 'login', 'foo', 'nicename' ),
 		) );
@@ -391,8 +399,6 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 31265
 	 */
 	public function test_orderby_array_contains_all_invalid_items() {
-		global $wpdb;
-
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'orderby' => array( 'foo', 'bar', 'baz' ),
 		) );
@@ -404,8 +410,6 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 31265
 	 */
 	public function test_orderby_array() {
-		global $wpdb;
-
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'orderby' => array(
 				'login' => 'DESC',
@@ -421,8 +425,6 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 31265
 	 */
 	public function test_orderby_array_should_discard_invalid_columns() {
-		global $wpdb;
-
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'orderby' => array(
 				'login' => 'DESC',
@@ -439,15 +441,13 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 */
 	function test_number() {
 		// +1 for the default user created by the test suite.
-		$user_ids = $this->factory->user->create_many( 3 );
-
 		$users = new WP_User_Query( array( 'blog_id' => get_current_blog_id() ) );
 		$users = $users->get_results();
-		$this->assertEquals( 4, count( $users ) );
+		$this->assertEquals( 13, count( $users ) );
 
 		$users = new WP_User_Query( array( 'blog_id' => get_current_blog_id(), 'number' => 10 ) );
 		$users = $users->get_results();
-		$this->assertEquals( 4, count( $users ) );
+		$this->assertEquals( 10, count( $users ) );
 
 		$users = new WP_User_Query( array( 'blog_id' => get_current_blog_id(), 'number' => 2 ) );
 		$users = $users->get_results();
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 
 		$users = new WP_User_Query( array( 'blog_id' => get_current_blog_id(), 'number' => -1 ) );
 		$users = $users->get_results();
-		$this->assertEquals( 4, count( $users ) );
+		$this->assertEquals( 13, count( $users ) );
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -525,10 +525,8 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 23849
 	 */
 	function test_meta_query_with_role() {
-		$author_ids = $this->factory->user->create_many( 4, array( 'role' => 'author' ) );
-
-		add_user_meta( $author_ids[0], 'foo', 'bar' );
-		add_user_meta( $author_ids[1], 'foo', 'baz' );
+		add_user_meta( self::$author_ids[0], 'foo', 'bar' );
+		add_user_meta( self::$author_ids[1], 'foo', 'baz' );
 
 		// Users with foo = bar or baz restricted to the author role.
 		$query = new WP_User_Query( array(
@@ -547,14 +545,12 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 			),
 		) );
 
-		$this->assertEquals( array( $author_ids[0], $author_ids[1] ), $query->get_results() );
+		$this->assertEquals( array( self::$author_ids[0], self::$author_ids[1] ), $query->get_results() );
 	}
 
 	public function test_roles_and_caps_should_be_populated_for_default_value_of_blog_id() {
-		$u = $this->factory->user->create( array( 'role' => 'author' ) );
-
 		$query = new WP_User_Query( array(
-			'include' => $u,
+			'include' => self::$author_ids[0],
 		) );
 
 		$found = $query->get_results();
@@ -570,10 +566,8 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 			$this->markTestSkipped( __METHOD__ . ' is a non-multisite-only test.' );
 		}
 
-		$u = $this->factory->user->create( array( 'role' => 'author' ) );
-
 		$query = new WP_User_Query( array(
-			'include' => $u,
+			'include' => self::$author_ids[0],
 			'blog_id' => get_current_blog_id(),
 		) );
 
@@ -590,10 +584,8 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 			$this->markTestSkipped( __METHOD__ . ' is a multisite-only test.' );
 		}
 
-		$u = $this->factory->user->create( array( 'role' => 'author' ) );
-
 		$query = new WP_User_Query( array(
-			'include' => $u,
+			'include' => self::$author_ids[0],
 			'blog_id' => get_current_blog_id(),
 		) );
 
@@ -611,11 +603,11 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 		}
 
 		$b = $this->factory->blog->create();
-		$u = $this->factory->user->create();
-		add_user_to_blog( $b, $u, 'author' );
+
+		add_user_to_blog( $b, self::$author_ids[0], 'author' );
 
 		$query = new WP_User_Query( array(
-			'include' => $u,
+			'include' => self::$author_ids[0],
 			'blog_id' => $b,
 			'fields' => 'all_with_meta',
 		) );
@@ -637,12 +629,11 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 		}
 
 		$b = $this->factory->blog->create();
-		$u = $this->factory->user->create();
-		add_user_to_blog( $b, $u, 'author' );
+		add_user_to_blog( $b, self::$author_ids[0], 'author' );
 
 		$query = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'fields' => 'all',
-			'include' => $u,
+			'include' => self::$author_ids[0],
 			'blog_id' => $b,
 		) );
 
@@ -663,11 +654,10 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 		}
 
 		$b = $this->factory->blog->create();
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 3 );
 
-		add_user_to_blog( $b, $users[0], 'subscriber' );
-		add_user_to_blog( $b, $users[1], 'author' );
-		add_user_to_blog( $b, $users[2], 'editor' );
+		add_user_to_blog( $b, self::$author_ids[0], 'subscriber' );
+		add_user_to_blog( $b, self::$author_ids[1], 'author' );
+		add_user_to_blog( $b, self::$author_ids[2], 'editor' );
 
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'who' => 'authors',
@@ -676,9 +666,9 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 
 		$found = wp_list_pluck( $q->get_results(), 'ID' );
 
-		$this->assertNotContains( $users[0], $found );
-		$this->assertContains( $users[1], $found );
-		$this->assertContains( $users[2], $found );
+		$this->assertNotContains( self::$author_ids[0], $found );
+		$this->assertContains( self::$author_ids[1], $found );
+		$this->assertContains( self::$author_ids[2], $found );
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -690,14 +680,13 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 		}
 
 		$b = $this->factory->blog->create();
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 3 );
 
-		add_user_to_blog( $b, $users[0], 'subscriber' );
-		add_user_to_blog( $b, $users[1], 'author' );
-		add_user_to_blog( $b, $users[2], 'editor' );
+		add_user_to_blog( $b, self::$author_ids[0], 'subscriber' );
+		add_user_to_blog( $b, self::$author_ids[1], 'author' );
+		add_user_to_blog( $b, self::$author_ids[2], 'editor' );
 
-		add_user_meta( $users[1], 'foo', 'bar' );
-		add_user_meta( $users[2], 'foo', 'baz' );
+		add_user_meta( self::$author_ids[1], 'foo', 'bar' );
+		add_user_meta( self::$author_ids[2], 'foo', 'baz' );
 
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'who' => 'authors',
@@ -710,9 +699,9 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 
 		$found = wp_list_pluck( $q->get_results(), 'ID' );
 
-		$this->assertNotContains( $users[0], $found );
-		$this->assertContains( $users[1], $found );
-		$this->assertNotContains( $users[2], $found );
+		$this->assertNotContains( self::$author_ids[0], $found );
+		$this->assertContains( self::$author_ids[1], $found );
+		$this->assertNotContains( self::$author_ids[2], $found );
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -722,17 +711,15 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 		register_post_type( 'wptests_pt_public', array( 'public' => true ) );
 		register_post_type( 'wptests_pt_private', array( 'public' => false ) );
 
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 3 );
-
-		$this->factory->post->create( array( 'post_author' => $users[0], 'post_status' => 'publish', 'post_type' => 'wptests_pt_public' ) );
-		$this->factory->post->create( array( 'post_author' => $users[1], 'post_status' => 'publish', 'post_type' => 'wptests_pt_private' ) );
+		$this->factory->post->create( array( 'post_author' => self::$author_ids[0], 'post_status' => 'publish', 'post_type' => 'wptests_pt_public' ) );
+		$this->factory->post->create( array( 'post_author' => self::$author_ids[1], 'post_status' => 'publish', 'post_type' => 'wptests_pt_private' ) );
 
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'has_published_posts' => true,
 		) );
 
 		$found = wp_list_pluck( $q->get_results(), 'ID' );
-		$expected = array( $users[0] );
+		$expected = array( self::$author_ids[0] );
 
 		$this->assertEqualSets( $expected, $found );
 	}
@@ -744,18 +731,16 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 		register_post_type( 'wptests_pt_public', array( 'public' => true ) );
 		register_post_type( 'wptests_pt_private', array( 'public' => false ) );
 
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 3 );
-
-		$this->factory->post->create( array( 'post_author' => $users[0], 'post_status' => 'publish', 'post_type' => 'wptests_pt_public' ) );
-		$this->factory->post->create( array( 'post_author' => $users[1], 'post_status' => 'publish', 'post_type' => 'wptests_pt_private' ) );
-		$this->factory->post->create( array( 'post_author' => $users[2], 'post_status' => 'publish', 'post_type' => 'post' ) );
+		$this->factory->post->create( array( 'post_author' => self::$author_ids[0], 'post_status' => 'publish', 'post_type' => 'wptests_pt_public' ) );
+		$this->factory->post->create( array( 'post_author' => self::$author_ids[1], 'post_status' => 'publish', 'post_type' => 'wptests_pt_private' ) );
+		$this->factory->post->create( array( 'post_author' => self::$author_ids[2], 'post_status' => 'publish', 'post_type' => 'post' ) );
 
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'has_published_posts' => array( 'wptests_pt_private', 'post' ),
 		) );
 
 		$found = wp_list_pluck( $q->get_results(), 'ID' );
-		$expected = array( $users[1], $users[2] );
+		$expected = array( self::$author_ids[1], self::$author_ids[2] );
 
 		$this->assertEqualSets( $expected, $found );
 	}
@@ -767,18 +752,16 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 		register_post_type( 'wptests_pt_public', array( 'public' => true ) );
 		register_post_type( 'wptests_pt_private', array( 'public' => false ) );
 
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 3 );
-
-		$this->factory->post->create( array( 'post_author' => $users[0], 'post_status' => 'draft', 'post_type' => 'wptests_pt_public' ) );
-		$this->factory->post->create( array( 'post_author' => $users[1], 'post_status' => 'inherit', 'post_type' => 'wptests_pt_private' ) );
-		$this->factory->post->create( array( 'post_author' => $users[2], 'post_status' => 'publish', 'post_type' => 'post' ) );
+		$this->factory->post->create( array( 'post_author' => self::$author_ids[0], 'post_status' => 'draft', 'post_type' => 'wptests_pt_public' ) );
+		$this->factory->post->create( array( 'post_author' => self::$author_ids[1], 'post_status' => 'inherit', 'post_type' => 'wptests_pt_private' ) );
+		$this->factory->post->create( array( 'post_author' => self::$author_ids[2], 'post_status' => 'publish', 'post_type' => 'post' ) );
 
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'has_published_posts' => array( 'wptests_pt_public', 'wptests_pt_private', 'post' ),
 		) );
 
 		$found = wp_list_pluck( $q->get_results(), 'ID' );
-		$expected = array( $users[2] );
+		$expected = array( self::$author_ids[2] );
 
 		$this->assertEqualSets( $expected, $found );
 	}
@@ -791,20 +774,19 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 			$this->markTestSkipped( __METHOD__ . ' requires multisite.' );
 		}
 
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 3 );
 		$blogs = $this->factory->blog->create_many( 2 );
 
-		add_user_to_blog( $blogs[0], $users[0], 'author' );
-		add_user_to_blog( $blogs[0], $users[1], 'author' );
-		add_user_to_blog( $blogs[1], $users[0], 'author' );
-		add_user_to_blog( $blogs[1], $users[1], 'author' );
+		add_user_to_blog( $blogs[0], self::$author_ids[0], 'author' );
+		add_user_to_blog( $blogs[0], self::$author_ids[1], 'author' );
+		add_user_to_blog( $blogs[1], self::$author_ids[0], 'author' );
+		add_user_to_blog( $blogs[1], self::$author_ids[1], 'author' );
 
 		switch_to_blog( $blogs[0] );
-		$this->factory->post->create( array( 'post_author' => $users[0], 'post_status' => 'publish', 'post_type' => 'post' ) );
+		$this->factory->post->create( array( 'post_author' => self::$author_ids[0], 'post_status' => 'publish', 'post_type' => 'post' ) );
 		restore_current_blog();
 
 		switch_to_blog( $blogs[1] );
-		$this->factory->post->create( array( 'post_author' => $users[1], 'post_status' => 'publish', 'post_type' => 'post' ) );
+		$this->factory->post->create( array( 'post_author' => self::$author_ids[1], 'post_status' => 'publish', 'post_type' => 'post' ) );
 		restore_current_blog();
 
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
@@ -813,7 +795,7 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 		) );
 
 		$found = wp_list_pluck( $q->get_results(), 'ID' );
-		$expected = array( $users[1] );
+		$expected = array( self::$author_ids[1] );
 
 		$this->assertEqualSets( $expected, $found );
 	}
@@ -822,11 +804,9 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 32592
 	 */
 	public function test_top_level_or_meta_query_should_eliminate_duplicate_matches() {
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 3 );
-
-		add_user_meta( $users[0], 'foo', 'bar' );
-		add_user_meta( $users[1], 'foo', 'bar' );
-		add_user_meta( $users[0], 'foo2', 'bar2' );
+		add_user_meta( self::$author_ids[0], 'foo', 'bar' );
+		add_user_meta( self::$author_ids[1], 'foo', 'bar' );
+		add_user_meta( self::$author_ids[0], 'foo2', 'bar2' );
 
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'meta_query' => array(
@@ -843,7 +823,7 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 		) );
 
 		$found = wp_list_pluck( $q->get_results(), 'ID' );
-		$expected = array( $users[0], $users[1] );
+		$expected = array( self::$author_ids[0], self::$author_ids[1] );
 
 		$this->assertEqualSets( $expected, $found );
 	}
@@ -852,12 +832,10 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 32592
 	 */
 	public function test_nested_or_meta_query_should_eliminate_duplicate_matches() {
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 3 );
-
-		add_user_meta( $users[0], 'foo', 'bar' );
-		add_user_meta( $users[1], 'foo', 'bar' );
-		add_user_meta( $users[0], 'foo2', 'bar2' );
-		add_user_meta( $users[1], 'foo3', 'bar3' );
+		add_user_meta( self::$author_ids[0], 'foo', 'bar' );
+		add_user_meta( self::$author_ids[1], 'foo', 'bar' );
+		add_user_meta( self::$author_ids[0], 'foo2', 'bar2' );
+		add_user_meta( self::$author_ids[1], 'foo3', 'bar3' );
 
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'meta_query' => array(
@@ -881,7 +859,7 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 		) );
 
 		$found = wp_list_pluck( $q->get_results(), 'ID' );
-		$expected = array( $users[0], $users[1] );
+		$expected = array( self::$author_ids[0], self::$author_ids[1] );
 
 		$this->assertEqualSets( $expected, $found );
 	}
@@ -890,8 +868,6 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 25145
 	 */
 	public function test_paged() {
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 5 );
-
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
 			'number' => 2,
 			'paged' => 2,
@@ -900,7 +876,7 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 			'fields' => 'ids',
 		) );
 
-		$this->assertEquals( array( $users[2], $users[1] ), $q->results );
+		$this->assertEquals( array( self::$contrib_id, self::$editor_ids[2] ), $q->results );
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -929,14 +905,6 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 22212
 	 */
 	public function test_get_single_role_by_user_query() {
-		$this->factory->user->create_many( 2, array(
-			'role' => 'subscriber',
-		) );
-
-		$this->factory->user->create( array(
-			'role' => 'contributor',
-		) );
-
 		$wp_user_search = new WP_User_Query( array( 'role' => 'subscriber' ) );
 		$users          = $wp_user_search->get_results();
 
@@ -947,18 +915,6 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 22212
 	 */
 	public function test_get_multiple_roles_by_user_query() {
-		$this->factory->user->create_many( 2, array(
-			'role' => 'subscriber',
-		) );
-
-		$this->factory->user->create_many( 3, array(
-			'role' => 'editor',
-		) );
-
-		$this->factory->user->create( array(
-			'role' => 'contributor',
-		) );
-
 		$wp_user_search = new WP_User_Query( array( 'role__in' => array( 'subscriber', 'editor' ) ) );
 		$users          = $wp_user_search->get_results();
 		$this->assertEquals( 5, count( $users ) );
@@ -968,14 +924,6 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 22212
 	 */
 	public function test_get_single_role_by_string() {
-		$this->factory->user->create_many( 2, array(
-			'role' => 'subscriber',
-		) );
-
-		$this->factory->user->create( array(
-			'role' => 'contributor',
-		) );
-
 		$users = get_users( array(
 			'role' => 'subscriber',
 		) );
@@ -987,10 +935,6 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 22212
 	 */
 	public function test_get_single_role_by_string_which_is_similar() {
-		$editors = $this->factory->user->create_many( 2, array(
-			'role' => 'editor',
-		) );
-
 		$another_editor = $this->factory->user->create( array(
 			'role' => 'another-editor',
 		) );
@@ -1000,7 +944,7 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 			'fields' => 'ids',
 		) );
 
-		$this->assertEqualSets( $editors, $users );
+		$this->assertEqualSets( self::$editor_ids, $users );
 	}
 
 
@@ -1008,14 +952,6 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 22212
 	 */
 	public function test_get_single_role_by_array() {
-		$this->factory->user->create_many( 2, array(
-			'role' => 'subscriber',
-		) );
-
-		$this->factory->user->create( array(
-			'role' => 'contributor',
-		) );
-
 		$users = get_users( array(
 			'role' => array( 'subscriber' ),
 		) );
@@ -1027,24 +963,12 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 22212
 	 */
 	public function test_get_multiple_roles_should_only_match_users_who_have_each_role() {
-		$subscribers = $this->factory->user->create_many( 2, array(
-			'role' => 'subscriber',
-		) );
-
-		$this->factory->user->create_many( 3, array(
-			'role' => 'editor',
-		) );
-
-		$this->factory->user->create_many( 2, array(
-			'role' => 'administrator',
-		) );
-
 		$users = new WP_User_Query( array( 'role' => array( 'subscriber', 'editor' ) ) );
 		$users = $users->get_results();
 
 		$this->assertEmpty( $users );
 
-		foreach ( $subscribers as $subscriber ) {
+		foreach ( self::$sub_ids as $subscriber ) {
 			$subscriber = get_user_by( 'ID', $subscriber );
 			$subscriber->add_role( 'editor' );
 		}
@@ -1063,22 +987,6 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 22212
 	 */
 	public function test_get_multiple_roles_or() {
-		$this->factory->user->create_many( 2, array(
-			'role' => 'subscriber',
-		) );
-
-		$this->factory->user->create_many( 3, array(
-			'role' => 'editor',
-		) );
-
-		$this->factory->user->create_many( 2, array(
-			'role' => 'administrator',
-		) );
-
-		$this->factory->user->create_many( 1, array(
-			'role' => 'contributor',
-		) );
-
 		$users = new WP_User_Query( array( 'role__in' => array( 'subscriber', 'editor', 'administrator' ) ) );
 		$users = $users->get_results();
 
@@ -1093,21 +1001,13 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 22212
 	 */
 	public function test_get_multiple_roles_by_comma_separated_list() {
-		$subscribers = $this->factory->user->create_many( 2, array(
-			'role' => 'subscriber',
-		) );
-
-		$this->factory->user->create_many( 3, array(
-			'role' => 'editor',
-		) );
-
 		$users = get_users( array(
 			'role' => 'subscriber, editor',
 		) );
 
 		$this->assertEmpty( $users );
 
-		foreach ( $subscribers as $subscriber ) {
+		foreach ( self::$sub_ids as $subscriber ) {
 			$subscriber = get_user_by( 'ID', $subscriber );
 			$subscriber->add_role( 'editor' );
 		}
@@ -1124,24 +1024,20 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 */
 	public function test_get_multiple_roles_with_meta() {
 		// Create administrator user + meta
-		$administrator_id = $this->factory->user->create( array( 'role' => 'administrator' ) );
-		update_user_meta( $administrator_id, 'mk1', 1 );
-		update_user_meta( $administrator_id, 'mk2', 1 );
+		update_user_meta( self::$admin_ids[0], 'mk1', 1 );
+		update_user_meta( self::$admin_ids[0], 'mk2', 1 );
 
 		// Create editor user + meta
-		$editor_id = $this->factory->user->create( array( 'role' => 'editor' ) );
-		update_user_meta( $editor_id, 'mk1', 1 );
-		update_user_meta( $editor_id, 'mk2', 2 );
+		update_user_meta( self::$editor_ids[0], 'mk1', 1 );
+		update_user_meta( self::$editor_ids[0], 'mk2', 2 );
 
 		// Create subscriber user + meta
-		$subscriber_id = $this->factory->user->create( array( 'role' => 'subscriber' ) );
-		update_user_meta( $subscriber_id, 'mk1', 1 );
-		update_user_meta( $subscriber_id, 'mk2', 1 );
+		update_user_meta( self::$sub_ids[0], 'mk1', 1 );
+		update_user_meta( self::$sub_ids[0], 'mk2', 1 );
 
 		// Create contributor user + meta
-		$contributor_id = $this->factory->user->create( array( 'role' => 'contributor' ) );
-		update_user_meta( $contributor_id, 'mk1', 1 );
-		update_user_meta( $contributor_id, 'mk2', 2 );
+		update_user_meta( self::$contrib_id, 'mk1', 1 );
+		update_user_meta( self::$contrib_id, 'mk2', 2 );
 
 		// Fetch users
 		$users = get_users( array(
@@ -1165,49 +1061,33 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 
 		// Check results
 		$this->assertEquals( 1, count( $users ) );
-		$this->assertSame( $editor_id, (int) $users[0]->ID );
+		$this->assertSame( self::$editor_ids[0], (int) $users[0]->ID );
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * @ticket 22212
 	 */
 	public function test_role_exclusion() {
-		$this->factory->user->create_many( 2, array(
-			'role' => 'subscriber',
-		) );
-
-		$this->factory->user->create_many( 3, array(
-			'role' => 'editor',
-		) );
-
 		$users = get_users( array(
 			'role__not_in' => 'subscriber',
 		) );
 
 		// +1 for the default user created during installation.
-		$this->assertEquals( 4, count( $users ) );
+		$this->assertEquals( 11, count( $users ) );
 
 		$users = get_users( array(
 			'role__not_in' => 'editor',
 		) );
 
 		// +1 for the default user created during installation.
-		$this->assertEquals( 3, count( $users ) );
+		$this->assertEquals( 10, count( $users ) );
 	}
 
 	/**
 	 * @ticket 22212
 	 */
 	public function test_role__in_role__not_in_combined() {
-		$subscribers = $this->factory->user->create_many( 2, array(
-			'role' => 'subscriber',
-		) );
-
-		$this->factory->user->create_many( 3, array(
-			'role' => 'editor',
-		) );
-
-		foreach ( $subscribers as $subscriber ) {
+		foreach ( self::$sub_ids as $subscriber ) {
 			$subscriber = get_user_by( 'ID', $subscriber );
 			$subscriber->add_role( 'editor' );
 		}
@@ -1230,15 +1110,7 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 22212
 	 */
 	public function test_role__not_in_role_combined() {
-		$subscribers = $this->factory->user->create_many( 2, array(
-			'role' => 'subscriber',
-		) );
-
-		$this->factory->user->create_many( 3, array(
-			'role' => 'editor',
-		) );
-
-		$subscriber = get_user_by( 'ID', $subscribers[0] );
+		$subscriber = get_user_by( 'ID', self::$sub_ids[0] );
 		$subscriber->add_role( 'editor' );
 
 		$users = get_users( array(
@@ -1253,29 +1125,23 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 	 * @ticket 22212
 	 */
 	public function test_role__not_in_user_without_role() {
-		$user_without_rule = $this->factory->user->get_object_by_id( $this->factory->user->create( array(
-			'role' => 'subscriber',
-		) ) );
+		$user_without_rule = get_user_by( 'ID', self::$sub_ids[0] );
 
 		$user_without_rule->remove_role( 'subscriber' );
 
-		$this->factory->user->create_many( 3, array(
-			'role' => 'editor',
-		) );
-
 		$users = get_users( array(
 			'role__not_in' => 'subscriber',
 		) );
 
 		// +1 for the default user created during installation.
-		$this->assertEquals( 5, count( $users ) );
+		$this->assertEquals( 12, count( $users ) );
 
 		$users = get_users( array(
 			'role__not_in' => 'editor',
 		) );
 
 		// +1 for the default user created during installation.
-		$this->assertEquals( 2, count( $users ) );
+		$this->assertEquals( 10, count( $users ) );
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -1287,17 +1153,16 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 		}
 
 		$sites = $this->factory->blog->create_many( 2 );
-		$users = $this->factory->user->create_many( 2 );
 
-		add_user_to_blog( $sites[0], $users[0], 'author' );
-		add_user_to_blog( $sites[1], $users[1], 'author' );
+		add_user_to_blog( self::$author_ids[0], self::$author_ids[0], 'author' );
+		add_user_to_blog( self::$author_ids[1], self::$author_ids[1], 'author' );
 
 		$found = get_users( array(
 			'blog_id' => $sites[1],
 			'fields' => 'ID',
 		) );
 
-		$this->assertEqualSets( array( $users[1] ), $found );
+		$this->assertEqualSets( array( self::$author_ids[1] ), $found );
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -1310,23 +1175,22 @@ class Tests_User_Query extends WP_UnitTestCase {
 		}
 
 		$site_id = get_current_blog_id();
-		$u = $this->factory->user->create();
-		add_user_to_blog( $site_id, $u, 'author' );
+		add_user_to_blog( $site_id, self::$author_ids[0], 'author' );
 
 		$q = new WP_User_Query( array(
-			'include' => $u,
+			'include' => self::$author_ids[0],
 		) );
 
 		$r1 = $q->request;
 
 		$q->prepare_query( array(
-			'include' => $u,
+			'include' => self::$author_ids[0],
 		) );
 
 		$r2 = $q->request;
 
 		$q->prepare_query( array(
-			'include' => $u,
+			'include' => self::$author_ids[0],
 		) );
 
 		$r3 = $q->request;