libvips/README.md

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# libvips : an image processing library
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[![CI](https://github.com/libvips/libvips/workflows/CI/badge.svg)](https://github.com/libvips/libvips/actions)
[![Fuzzing Status](https://oss-fuzz-build-logs.storage.googleapis.com/badges/libvips.svg)](https://bugs.chromium.org/p/oss-fuzz/issues/list?sort=-opened&can=2&q=proj:libvips)
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[![Coverity Status](https://scan.coverity.com/projects/6503/badge.svg)](https://scan.coverity.com/projects/jcupitt-libvips)
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[![Gitter](https://badges.gitter.im/libvips/devchat.svg)](https://gitter.im/libvips/devchat?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge)
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# Introduction
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libvips is a [demand-driven, horizontally
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threaded](https://github.com/libvips/libvips/wiki/Why-is-libvips-quick)
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image processing library. Compared to similar
libraries, [libvips runs quickly and uses little
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memory](https://github.com/libvips/libvips/wiki/Speed-and-memory-use).
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libvips is licensed under the [LGPL
2.1+](https://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/lgpl-2.1.en.html).
It has around [300
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operations](https://libvips.github.io/libvips/API/current/func-list.html)
covering arithmetic, histograms, convolution, morphological
operations, frequency filtering, colour, resampling,
statistics and others. It supports a large range of [numeric
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types](https://libvips.github.io/libvips/API/current/VipsImage.html#VipsBandFormat),
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from 8-bit int to 128-bit complex. Images can have any number of bands.
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It supports a good range of image formats, including JPEG, JPEG2000, JPEG-XL,
TIFF, PNG, WebP, HEIC, AVIF, FITS, Matlab, OpenEXR, PDF, SVG, HDR, PPM / PGM /
PFM, CSV, GIF, Analyze, NIfTI, DeepZoom, and OpenSlide. It can also load
images via ImageMagick or GraphicsMagick, letting it work with formats
like DICOM.
It comes with bindings for
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[C](https://libvips.github.io/libvips/API/current/using-from-c.html),
[C++](https://libvips.github.io/libvips/API/current/using-from-cpp.html),
and the
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[command-line](https://libvips.github.io/libvips/API/current/using-cli.html).
Full bindings are available for [Ruby](https://rubygems.org/gems/ruby-vips),
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[Python](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pyvips),
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[PHP](https://github.com/libvips/php-vips),
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[C# / .NET](https://www.nuget.org/packages/NetVips),
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[Go](https://github.com/davidbyttow/govips), and
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[Lua](https://github.com/libvips/lua-vips). libvips
is used as an image processing engine by [sharp
(on node.js)](https://www.npmjs.org/package/sharp),
[bimg](https://github.com/h2non/bimg), [sharp
for Go](https://github.com/DAddYE/vips), [Ruby on
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Rails](https://edgeguides.rubyonrails.org/active_storage_overview.html),
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[carrierwave-vips](https://github.com/eltiare/carrierwave-vips),
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[mediawiki](https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:VipsScaler),
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[PhotoFlow](https://github.com/aferrero2707/PhotoFlow) and others.
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The official libvips GUI is [nip2](https://github.com/libvips/nip2),
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a strange combination of a spreadsheet and a photo editor.
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# Install
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There are packages for most Unix-like operating systems, including
macOS. Check your package manager.
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There are binaries for Windows in
[releases](https://github.com/libvips/libvips/releases).
The [libvips website](https://libvips.github.io/libvips) has [detailed
install notes](https://libvips.github.io/libvips/install.html).
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# Building libvips from a source tarball
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We keep pre-baked tarballs in
[releases](https://github.com/libvips/libvips/releases).
Untar, then in the libvips directory you should just be able to do:
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./configure
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Check the summary at the end of `configure` carefully. libvips must have
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`build-essential`, `pkg-config`, `libglib2.0-dev`, `libexpat1-dev`.
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You'll need the dev packages for the file format support you want. For basic
jpeg and tiff support, you'll need `libtiff5-dev`, `libjpeg-turbo8-dev`,
and `libgsf-1-dev`. See the **Dependencies** section below for a full list
of the things that libvips can be configured to use.
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Once `configure` is looking OK, compile and install with the usual:
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make
sudo make install
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By default this will install files to `/usr/local`.
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# Testing
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Run the test suite with:
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make check
Run a specific test with:
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pytest test/test-suite/test_foreign.py -k test_tiff
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# Building libvips from git
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Clone the latest sources with:
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git clone git://github.com/libvips/libvips.git
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Building from git needs more packages -- you'll need at least `gtk-doc`
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and `gobject-introspection`, see the dependencies section below. For example:
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brew install gtk-doc
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Then generate the build system with:
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./autogen.sh --prefix=/home/john/vips
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Debug build:
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CFLAGS="-g -Wall" CXXFLAGS="-g -Wall" \
./configure --prefix=/home/john/vips --enable-debug
make
make install
# Built-in loaders
libvips has a number of built-in loaders and savers. You can disable these if
you wish, for example:
./configure --prefix=/Users/john/vips --without-nsgif --without-ppm
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# Dependencies
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libvips has to have `libglib2.0-dev` and `libexpat1-dev`. Other dependencies
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are optional.
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## Optional dependencies
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If suitable versions are found, libvips will add support for the following
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libraries automatically. See `./configure --help` for a set of flags to
control library detection. Packages are generally found with `pkg-config`,
so make sure that is working.
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Libraries like nifti do not use `pkg-config` so libvips will also
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look for them in the default path and in `$prefix`. If you have installed
your own versions of these libraries in a different location, libvips will
not see them. Use switches to libvips configure like:
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./configure --prefix=/Users/john/vips \
--with-nifti-includes=/opt/local/include \
--with-nifti-libraries=/opt/local/lib
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or perhaps:
CFLAGS="-g -Wall -I/opt/local/include -L/opt/local/lib" \
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CXXFLAGS="-g -Wall -I/opt/local/include -L/opt/local/lib" \
./configure --prefix=/Users/john/vips
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### libjpeg
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The IJG JPEG library. Use the `-turbo` version if you can.
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### libexif
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If available, libvips adds support for EXIF metadata in JPEG files.
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### librsvg
The usual SVG loader. If this is not present, vips will try to load SVGs
via imagemagick instead.
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### PDFium
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If present, libvips will attempt to load PDFs with PDFium. Download the
prebuilt pdfium binary from:
https://github.com/bblanchon/pdfium-binaries
Untar to the libvips install prefix, for example:
cd ~/vips
tar xf ~/pdfium-linux.tgz
Create a `pdfium.pc` like this (update the version number):
VIPSHOME=/home/john/vips
cat > $VIPSHOME/lib/pkgconfig/pdfium.pc << EOF
prefix=$VIPSHOME
exec_prefix=\${prefix}
libdir=\${exec_prefix}/lib
includedir=\${prefix}/include
Name: pdfium
Description: pdfium
Version: 4290
Requires:
Libs: -L\${libdir} -lpdfium
Cflags: -I\${includedir}
EOF
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If PDFium is not detected, libvips will look for poppler-glib instead.
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### poppler-glib
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The Poppler PDF renderer, with a glib API. If this is not present, vips
will try to load PDFs via imagemagick.
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### libgsf-1
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If available, libvips adds support for creating image pyramids with `dzsave`.
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### libtiff
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The TIFF library. It needs to be built with support for JPEG and
ZIP compression. 3.4b037 and later are known to be OK.
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### fftw3
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If libvips finds this library, it uses it for fourier transforms.
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### lcms2
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If present, `vips_icc_import()`, `vips_icc_export()` and `vips_icc_transform()`
can be used to manipulate images with ICC profiles.
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### libspng
If present, libvips will load PNG files using libspng. At the moment, libpng
is still necessary for save.
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### libpng
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If libspng is not present and libpng is, libvips will load PNG files with
libpng. It will always save PNG files with libpng.
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### libimagequant
If present, libvips can write 8-bit palette-ised PNGs.
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### ImageMagick, or optionally GraphicsMagick
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If available, libvips adds support for loading all libMagick-supported
image file types. Use `--with-magickpackage=GraphicsMagick` to build against
graphicsmagick instead.
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Imagemagick 6.9+ needs to have been built with `--with-modules`. Most packaged
IMs are, I think.
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If you are going to be using libvips with untrusted images, perhaps in a
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web server, for example, you should consider the security implications of
enabling a package with such a large attack surface.
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### pangocairo
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If available, libvips adds support for text rendering. You need the
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package pangocairo in `pkg-config --list-all`.
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### orc-0.4
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If available, vips will accelerate some operations with this run-time
compiler.
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### matio
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If available, vips can load images from Matlab save files.
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### cfitsio
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If available, vips can load FITS images.
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### libwebp
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If available, vips can load and save WebP images.
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### libniftiio
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If available, vips can load and save NIfTI images.
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### OpenEXR
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If available, libvips will directly read (but not write, sadly)
OpenEXR images.
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### OpenJPEG
If available, libvips will read and write JPEG2000 images.
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### libjxl
If available, libvips will read and write JPEG-XL images.
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### OpenSlide
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If available, libvips can load OpenSlide-supported virtual slide
files: Aperio, Hamamatsu, Leica, MIRAX, Sakura, Trestle, and Ventana.
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### libheif
If available, libvips can load and save HEIC and AVIF images. Your libheif (in
turn) needs to be built with the correct decoders and encoders. You can check
with eg.:
```
$ pkg-config libheif --print-variables
builtin_avif_decoder
builtin_avif_encoder
builtin_h265_decoder
builtin_h265_encoder
exec_prefix
includedir
libdir
pcfiledir
prefix
```
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# Contributors
### Code Contributors
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This project exists thanks to all the people who contribute.
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<a href="https://github.com/libvips/libvips/graphs/contributors"><img src="https://opencollective.com/libvips/contributors.svg?width=890&button=false" /></a>
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### Organizations
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Support this project with your organization. Your logo will show up here with a link to your website.
<a href="https://opencollective.com/libvips/organization/0/website"><img src="https://opencollective.com/libvips/organization/0/avatar.svg"></a>
<a href="https://opencollective.com/libvips/organization/1/website"><img src="https://opencollective.com/libvips/organization/1/avatar.svg"></a>
<a href="https://opencollective.com/libvips/organization/2/website"><img src="https://opencollective.com/libvips/organization/2/avatar.svg"></a>
<a href="https://opencollective.com/libvips/organization/3/website"><img src="https://opencollective.com/libvips/organization/3/avatar.svg"></a>
<a href="https://opencollective.com/libvips/organization/4/website"><img src="https://opencollective.com/libvips/organization/4/avatar.svg"></a>
<a href="https://opencollective.com/libvips/organization/5/website"><img src="https://opencollective.com/libvips/organization/5/avatar.svg"></a>
<a href="https://opencollective.com/libvips/organization/6/website"><img src="https://opencollective.com/libvips/organization/6/avatar.svg"></a>
<a href="https://opencollective.com/libvips/organization/7/website"><img src="https://opencollective.com/libvips/organization/7/avatar.svg"></a>
<a href="https://opencollective.com/libvips/organization/8/website"><img src="https://opencollective.com/libvips/organization/8/avatar.svg"></a>
<a href="https://opencollective.com/libvips/organization/9/website"><img src="https://opencollective.com/libvips/organization/9/avatar.svg"></a>