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libvips/libvips/iofuncs/im_generate.c

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/* Manage pipelines of partial images.
*
* J.Cupitt, 17/4/93.
* 1/7/93 JC
* - adapted for partial v2
* - ANSIfied
* 6/7/93 JC
* - im_setupout() conventions clarified - see autorewind in
* im_iocheck().
* 20/7/93 JC
* - eval callbacks added
* 7/9/93 JC
* - demand hint mechanism added
* 25/10/93
* - asynchronous output mechanisms removed, as no observable speed-up
* 9/5/94
* - new thread stuff added, with a define to turn it off
* 15/8/94
* - start & stop functions can now be NULL for no-op
* 7/10/94 JC
* - evalend callback system added
* 23/12/94 JC
* - IM_ARRAY uses added
* 22/2/95 JC
* - im_fill_copy() added
* - im_region_region() uses modified
* 24/4/95 JC & KM
* - im_fill_lines() bug removed
* 30/8/96 JC
* - revised and simplified ... some code shared with im_iterate()
* - new im_generate_region() added
* 2/3/98 JC
* - IM_ANY added
* 20/7/99 JC
* - tile geometry made into ints for easy tuning
* 30/7/99 RP JC
* - threads reorganised for POSIX
* 29/9/99 JC
* - threadgroup stuff added
* 15/4/04
* - better how-many-pixels-calculated
* 27/11/06
* - merge background write stuff
* 7/11/07
* - new start/end eval callbacks
* 7/10/09
* - gtkdoc comments
*/
/*
This file is part of VIPS.
VIPS is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*/
/*
These files are distributed with VIPS - http://www.vips.ecs.soton.ac.uk
*/
/*
#define DEBUG_IO
*/
#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include <config.h>
#endif /*HAVE_CONFIG_H*/
#include <vips/intl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
#include <unistd.h>
#endif /*HAVE_UNISTD_H*/
#include <vips/vips.h>
#include <vips/internal.h>
#include <vips/thread.h>
#include <vips/debug.h>
#ifdef WITH_DMALLOC
#include <dmalloc.h>
#endif /*WITH_DMALLOC*/
/**
* SECTION: generate
* @short_description: calculate pixels and pixel buffers
* @stability: Stable
* @see_also: <link linkend="libvips-image">image</link>,
* <link linkend="libvips-region">region</link>
* @include: vips/vips.h
*
* These functions let you generate regions of pixels in an image
* processing operation, and ask for regions of image to be calculated.
*/
/**
* im_start_one:
*
* Start function for one image in. Input image is first user data.
*
* See also: im_generate().
*/
void *
im_start_one( IMAGE *out, void *client, void *dummy )
{
IMAGE *in = (IMAGE *) client;
return( im_region_create( in ) );
}
/**
* im_stop_one:
*
* Stop function for one image in. Input image is first user data.
*
* See also: im_generate().
*/
int
im_stop_one( void *seq, void *dummy1, void *dummy2 )
{
REGION *reg = (REGION *) seq;
im_region_free( reg );
return( 0 );
}
/**
* im_stop_many:
*
* Stop function for many images in. First client is a pointer to
* a %NULL-terminated array of input images.
*
* See also: im_generate().
*/
int
im_stop_many( void *seq, void *dummy1, void *dummy2 )
{
REGION **ar = (REGION **) seq;
if( ar ) {
int i;
for( i = 0; ar[i]; i++ )
im_region_free( ar[i] );
im_free( (char *) ar );
}
return( 0 );
}
/**
* im_start_many:
*
* Start function for many images in. First client is a pointer to
* a %NULL-terminated array of input images.
*
* See also: im_generate(), im_allocate_input_array()
*/
void *
im_start_many( IMAGE *out, void *client, void *dummy )
{
IMAGE **in = (IMAGE **) client;
int i, n;
REGION **ar;
/* How many images?
*/
for( n = 0; in[n]; n++ )
;
/* Alocate space for region array.
*/
if( !(ar = IM_ARRAY( NULL, n + 1, REGION * )) )
return( NULL );
/* Create a set of regions.
*/
for( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
if( !(ar[i] = im_region_create( in[i] )) ) {
im_stop_many( ar, NULL, NULL );
return( NULL );
}
ar[n] = NULL;
return( ar );
}
/**
* im_allocate_input_array:
* @out: free array when this image closes
* @Varargs: %NULL-terminated list of input images
*
* Convenience function --- make a %NULL-terminated array of input images.
* Use with im_start_many().
*
* See also: im_generate(), im_start_many().
*
* Returns: %NULL-terminated array of images. Do not free the result.
*/
IMAGE **
im_allocate_input_array( IMAGE *out, ... )
{
va_list ap;
IMAGE **ar;
IMAGE *im;
int i, n;
/* Count input images.
*/
va_start( ap, out );
for( n = 0; (im = va_arg( ap, IMAGE * )); n++ )
;
va_end( ap );
/* Allocate array.
*/
if( !(ar = IM_ARRAY( out, n + 1, IMAGE * )) )
return( NULL );
/* Fill array.
*/
va_start( ap, out );
for( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
ar[i] = va_arg( ap, IMAGE * );
va_end( ap );
ar[n] = NULL;
return( ar );
}
/**
* im_start_fn:
* @out: image being calculated
* @a: user data
* @b: user data
*
* Start a new processing sequence for this generate function. This allocates
* per-thread state, such as an input region.
*
* See also: im_start_one(), im_start_many().
*
* Returns: a new sequence value
*/
/**
* im_generate_fn:
* @out: #REGION to fill
* @seq: sequence value
* @a: user data
* @b: user data
*
* Fill @out->valid with pixels. @seq contains per-thread state, such as the
* input regions.
*
* See also: im_generate(), im_stop_many().
*
* Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error.
*/
/**
* im_stop_fn:
* @seq: sequence value
* @a: user data
* @b: user data
*
* Stop a processing sequence. This frees
* per-thread state, such as an input region.
*
* See also: im_stop_one(), im_stop_many().
*
* Returns: 0 on success, -1 on error.
*/
static int
generate_work( im_thread_t *thr,
REGION *reg, void *a, void *b, void *c )
{
/* thr pos needs to be set before coming here ... check.
*/
{
Rect image;
image.left = 0;
image.top = 0;
image.width = thr->tg->im->Xsize;
image.height = thr->tg->im->Ysize;
g_assert( im_rect_includesrect( &image, &thr->pos ) );
}
if( im_prepare_to( reg, thr->oreg, &thr->pos, thr->x, thr->y ) )
return( -1 );
return( 0 );
}
/* Loop over a big region, filling it in many small pieces with threads.
*/
static int
eval_to_region( REGION *or, im_threadgroup_t *tg )
{
Rect *r = &or->valid;
Rect image;
int x, y;
#ifdef DEBUG_IO
int ntiles = 0;
printf( "eval_to_region: partial image output to region\n" );
printf( "\tleft = %d, top = %d, width = %d, height = %d\n",
r->left, r->top, r->width, r->height );
#endif /*DEBUG_IO*/
image.left = 0;
image.top = 0;
image.width = or->im->Xsize;
image.height = or->im->Ysize;
/* Our work function ... an inplace one.
*/
tg->work = generate_work;
/* Loop over or, attaching to all sub-parts in turn.
*/
for( y = r->top; y < IM_RECT_BOTTOM( r ); y += tg->ph )
for( x = r->left; x < IM_RECT_RIGHT( r ); x += tg->pw ) {
im_thread_t *thr;
Rect pos;
Rect clipped;
/* thrs appear on idle when the child thread does
* threadgroup_idle_add and hits the 'go' semaphore.
*/
thr = im_threadgroup_get( tg );
/* Set the position we want to generate with this
* thread. Clip against the size of the image and the
* space available in or.
*/
pos.left = x;
pos.top = y;
pos.width = tg->pw;
pos.height = tg->ph;
im_rect_intersectrect( &pos, &image, &clipped );
im_rect_intersectrect( &clipped, r, &clipped );
/* Note params and start work.
*/
thr->oreg = or;
thr->pos = clipped;
thr->x = clipped.left;
thr->y = clipped.top;
im_threadgroup_trigger( thr );
/* Check for errors.
*/
if( im_threadgroup_iserror( tg ) ) {
/* Don't kill threads yet ... we may want to
* get some error stuff out of them.
*/
im_threadgroup_wait( tg );
return( -1 );
}
#ifdef DEBUG_IO
ntiles++;
#endif /*DEBUG_IO*/
}
/* Wait for all threads to hit 'go' again.
*/
im_threadgroup_wait( tg );
if( im_threadgroup_iserror( tg ) )
return( -1 );
#ifdef DEBUG_IO
printf( "eval_to_region: %d patches calculated\n", ntiles );
#endif /*DEBUG_IO*/
return( 0 );
}
/* Output to a memory area. Might be im_setbuf(), im_mmapin()/im_makerw() or
* im_mmapinrw().
*/
static int
eval_to_memory( im_threadgroup_t *tg, REGION *or )
{
int y, chunk;
IMAGE *im = or->im;
int result;
result = 0;
#ifdef DEBUG_IO
int ntiles = 0;
printf( "eval_to_memory: partial image output to memory area\n" );
#endif /*DEBUG_IO*/
/* Signal start of eval.
*/
if( im__start_eval( im ) )
return( -1 );
/* Choose a chunk size ... 1/100th of the height of the image, about.
* This sets the granularity of user feedback on eval progress, but
* does not affect mem requirements etc.
*/
chunk = (im->Ysize / 100) + 1;
/* Loop down the output image, evaling each chunk.
*/
for( y = 0; y < im->Ysize; y += chunk ) {
Rect pos;
/* Attach or to this position in image.
*/
pos.left = 0;
pos.top = y;
pos.width = im->Xsize;
pos.height = IM_MIN( chunk, im->Ysize - y );
if( (result = im_region_image( or, &pos )) )
break;
/* Ask for evaluation of this area.
*/
if( (result = eval_to_region( or, tg )) )
break;
/* Trigger any eval callbacks on our source image.
*/
if( (result = im__handle_eval( im, pos.width, pos.height )) )
break;
#ifdef DEBUG_IO
ntiles++;
#endif /*DEBUG_IO*/
}
/* Signal end of eval.
*/
result |= im__end_eval( im );
#ifdef DEBUG_IO
printf( "eval_to_memory: %d patches calculated\n", ntiles );
#endif /*DEBUG_IO*/
return( result );
}
/* A write function for VIPS images. Just write() the pixel data.
*/
static int
write_vips( REGION *region, Rect *area, void *a, void *b )
{
size_t nwritten, count;
void *buf;
count = region->bpl * area->height;
buf = IM_REGION_ADDR( region, 0, area->top );
do {
nwritten = write( region->im->fd, buf, count );
if( nwritten == (size_t) -1 )
return( errno );
buf = (void *) ((char *) buf + nwritten);
count -= nwritten;
} while( count > 0 );
return( 0 );
}
/**
* im_generate:
* @im: generate this image
* @start: start sequences with this function
* @generate: generate pixels with this function
* @stop: stop sequences with this function
* @a: user data
* @b: user data
*
* Generates an image. The action depends on the image type.
*
* For images opened with "p", im_generate() just attaches the
* start/generate/stop callbacks and returns.
*
* For "t" images, memory is allocated for the image and im_prepare_thread()
* used to fill it with pixels.
*
* For "w" images, memory for a few scanlines is allocated and
* im_prepare_thread() used to generate the image in small chunks. As each
* chunk is generated, it is written to disc.
*
* See also: im_iterate(), im_open(), im_prepare(), im_wrapone().
*
* Returns: 0 on success, or -1 on error.
*/
int
im_generate( IMAGE *im,
im_start_fn start, im_generate_fn generate, im_stop_fn stop,
void *a, void *b )
{
int res;
REGION *or;
im_threadgroup_t *tg;
g_assert( !im_image_sanity( im ) );
if( !im->hint_set ) {
im_error( "im_generate",
"%s", _( "im_demand_hint() not set" ) );
return( -1 );
}
if( im->Xsize <= 0 || im->Ysize <= 0 || im->Bands <= 0 ) {
im_error( "im_generate",
"%s", _( "bad dimensions" ) );
return( -1 );
}
/* We don't use this, but make sure it's set in case any old binaries
* are expectiing it.
*/
im->Bbits = im_bits_of_fmt( im->BandFmt );
/* Look at output type to decide our action.
*/
switch( im->dtype ) {
case IM_PARTIAL:
/* Output to partial image. Just attach functions and return.
*/
if( im->generate || im->start || im->stop ) {
im_error( "im_generate",
"%s", _( "func already attached" ) );
return( -1 );
}
im->start = start;
im->generate = generate;
im->stop = stop;
im->client1 = a;
im->client2 = b;
#ifdef DEBUG_IO
printf( "im_generate: attaching partial callbacks\n" );
#endif /*DEBUG_IO*/
break;
case IM_SETBUF:
case IM_SETBUF_FOREIGN:
case IM_MMAPINRW:
case IM_OPENOUT:
/* Eval now .. sanity check.
*/
if( im->generate || im->start || im->stop ) {
im_error( "im_generate",
"%s", _( "func already attached" ) );
return( -1 );
}
/* Get output ready.
*/
if( im_setupout( im ) )
return( -1 );
/* Attach callbacks.
*/
im->start = start;
im->generate = generate;
im->stop = stop;
im->client1 = a;
im->client2 = b;
/* Evaluate. Two output styles: to memory area (im_setbuf()
* or im_mmapinrw()) or to file (im_openout()).
*/
if( !(or = im_region_create( im )) )
return( -1 );
if( !(tg = im_threadgroup_create( im )) ) {
im_region_free( or );
return( -1 );
}
if( im->dtype == IM_OPENOUT ) {
if( im__wbuffer2 )
res = im_wbuffer2( im, write_vips, NULL, NULL );
else
res = im_wbuffer( tg, write_vips, NULL, NULL );
}
else
res = eval_to_memory( tg, or );
/* Clean up.
*/
im_threadgroup_free( tg );
im_region_free( or );
/* Error?
*/
if( res )
return( -1 );
break;
default:
/* Not a known output style.
*/
im_error( "im_generate", _( "unable to output to a %s image" ),
im_dtype2char( im->dtype ) );
return( -1 );
}
/* Successful write: trigger "written".
*/
if( im__trigger_callbacks( im->writtenfns ) )
return( -1 );
return( 0 );
}
/**
* im_prepare_thread:
* @tg: group of threads to evaluate with
* @reg: region to prepare
* @r: #Rect of pixels you need to be able to address
*
* im_prepare_thread() fills @reg with pixels. After calling, you can address
* at
* least the area @r with IM_REGION_ADDR() and get valid pixels.
*
* im_prepare_thread() uses @tg, a group of threads, to calculate pixels.
* Computation blocks until the pixels are ready.
*
* Use im_prepare() to calculate an area of pixels in-line.
* Use im_render_priority() to calculate an area of pixels in the background.
*
* See also: im_prepare(), im_render_priority(), im_prepare_to().
*
* Returns: 0 on success, or -1 on error
*/
int
im_prepare_thread( im_threadgroup_t *tg, REGION *or, Rect *r )
{
IMAGE *im = or->im;
g_assert( !im_image_sanity( im ) );
switch( im->dtype ) {
case IM_PARTIAL:
if( im_region_fill( or, r,
(im_region_fill_fn) eval_to_region, tg ) )
return( -1 );
break;
case IM_OPENIN:
case IM_SETBUF:
case IM_SETBUF_FOREIGN:
case IM_MMAPIN:
case IM_MMAPINRW:
/* Attach to existing buffer.
*/
if( im_region_image( or, r ) )
return( -1 );
break;
default:
im_error( "im_prepare_thread", _( "unable to input from a %s "
"image" ), im_dtype2char( im->dtype ) );
return( -1 );
}
return( 0 );
}
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