492 lines
16 KiB
Plaintext
492 lines
16 KiB
Plaintext
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README
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^^^^^^
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**********************************************************************
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**** PRELIMINARY - Port in progress ****
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**********************************************************************
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This is the README file for the port of NuttX to the MoteinoMEGA from
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LowPowerLab (http://www.lowpowerlab.com). The MoteinoMEGA is based
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on an Atmel ATMega1284P. As of this writing, documentation for the
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MoteinoMEGA board is available here:
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https://lowpowerlab.com/shop/index.php?_route_=Moteino/moteinomega
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Contents
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^^^^^^^^
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o MoteinoMEGA Features
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o Pin Connections
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o DualOptiboot Bootloader
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o Toolchains
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o Windows Native Toolchains
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o NuttX buildroot Toolchain
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o avr-libc
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o MoteinoMEGA Configuration Options
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o Configurations
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MoteinoMEGA Features
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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o 16MHz ATmega1284P Atmel 8bit AVR RISC Processor
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o 128Kbyte Flash
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o 16Kbyte RAM
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o 4Kbyte EEPROM
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o 2 High Speed Serial Ports
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o 8Ch 10bit Analog Input port
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Pin Connections (PCB Rev ?)
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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-------------------- -----------------------------
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ATMega1284P Pinout MoteinoMEGA board connection
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-------------------- -----------------------------
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**********************************************************************
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**** INVALID - Port in progress ****
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**********************************************************************
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(left)
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1 PEN Pulled-up
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2 PE0 (RXD0/PDI) MAX202ECWED T1IN or J7-1, ISP-PDI (via 74HC5053), J5-26
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3 PE1 (TXD0/PDO) MAX202ECWED A1OUT or J7-9, ISP-PDO (via 74HC5053), J5-25
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4 PE2 (XCK0/AIN0) MAX202ECWED T2IN, J5-24
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5 PE3 (OC3A/AIN1) MAX202ECWED A2OUT, J5-23
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6 PE4 (OC3B/INT4) J5-22
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7 PE5 (OC3C/INT5) J5-21, RTL8019AS INT 0, TP5 PE5
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8 PE6 (T3/INT6) J5-20
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9 PE7 (ICP3/INT7) J5-19
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10 PB0 (SS) Pull up of SS SPI master
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11 PB1 (SCK) J7-7, ISP_SCK (via 74HC4053) and AT45D011 SCK, J5-17
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12 PB2 (MOSI) AT45D011 SI. J5-16
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13 PB3 (MISO) AT45D011 SO, J5-15
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14 PB4 (OC0) AT45D011 CS\, J5-14
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15 PB5 (OC1A) J5-13
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16 PB6 (OC1B) J5-12
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(bottom)
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17 PB7 (OC2/OC1C) J5-11
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18 PG3/TOSC2 32.768KHz XTAL
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19 PG4/TOSC1 32.768KHz XTAL
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20 RESET RESET
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21 VCC
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22 GND GND
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23 XTAL2 14.7456MHz XTAL
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24 XTAL1 14.7456MHz XTAL
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25 PD0 (SCL/INT0) J5-10
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26 PD1 (SDA/INT1) J5-9
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27 PD2 (RXD1/INT2) J5-8, MAX488CSA RO (RS-485)
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28 PD3 (TXD1/INT3) J5-7, MAX488CSA DI (RS-485)
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29 PD4 (ICP1) J5-6
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30 PD5 (XCK1) J5-5
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31 PD6 (T1) J5-4
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32 PD7 (T2) J5-3
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(left)
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48 PA3 (AD3) J5-?, 74HC5730, 62246DLP-7, RTL8019AS
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47 PA4 (AD4) J5-?, 74HC5730, 62246DLP-7, RTL8019AS
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46 PA5 (AD5) J5-?, 74HC5730, 62246DLP-7, RTL8019AS
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45 PA6 (AD6) J5-?, 74HC5730, 62246DLP-7, RTL8019AS
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44 PA7 (AD7) J5-?, 74HC5730, 62246DLP-7, RTL8019AS
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43 PG2 (ALE) J5-1, 74HC5730, 62246DLP-7, RTL8019AS
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42 PC7 (A15) TP4 A15, J5-27, 74HC5730
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41 PC6 (A14) J5-28, 74HC5730, 62246DLP-7, RTL8019AS
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40 PC5 (A13) J5-29, 74HC5730, 62246DLP-7, RTL8019AS
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39 PC4 (A12) J5-30, 74HC5730, 62246DLP-7, RTL8019AS
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38 PC3 (A11) J5-31, 74HC5730, 62246DLP-7, RTL8019AS
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37 PC2 (A10) J5-32, 74HC5730, 62246DLP-7, RTL8019AS
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36 PC1 (A9) J5-33, 74HC5730, 62246DLP-7, RTL8019AS
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35 PC0 (A8) J5-34, 74HC5730, 62246DLP-7, RTL8019AS
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34 PG1 (RD) TP2 RD\, J5-52, 62246DLP-7, RTL8019AS
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33 PG0 (WR) TP3 WR\, J5-51, 62246DLP-7, RTL8019AS
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(top)
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64 AVCC
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63 GND GND
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62 AREF (analog supply)
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61 PF0 (ADC0) J6-5, PDV-P9 Light Sensor
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60 PF1 (ADC1) J6-7, Thermister
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59 PF2 (ADC2) J6-9, MXA2500GL Dual Axis Accesserometer, AOUTX
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58 PF3 (ADC3) J6-11, MXA2500GL Dual Axis Accesserometer, AOUTY
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57 PF4 (ADC4/TCK) J6-13, MXA2500GL Dual Axis Accesserometer, TOUT
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56 PF5 (ADC5/TMS) J6-15
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55 PF6 (ADC6/TDO) J6-17
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54 PF7 (ADC7/TDI) J6-19
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53 GND GND
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52 VCC
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51 PA0 (AD0) J5-?, 74HC5730, 62246DLP-7, RTL8019AS
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50 PA1 (AD1) J5-?, 74HC5730, 62246DLP-7, RTL8019AS
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49 PA2 (AD2) J5-?, 74HC5730, 62246DLP-7, RTL8019AS
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DualOptiboot Bootloader
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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o FTDI (or similar) USB-To-Serial converter with compatible connector
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configured for DTR (AdaFruit, SparkFun, etc)
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o Obtain ard-reset-arduino Python script
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(one source: https://github.com/mikaelpatel/Cosa/blob/master/build/Arduino-Makefile/bin/ard-reset-arduino)
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This script triggers the DTR pin to enter bootloader mode.
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o Obtain avrdude for your platform.
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Bootloader operates at 115200 baud. It would be useful to create a short script
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that invokes ard-reset-arduino and then avrdude to load program. This script
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could then also, optionally, invoke miniterm.py or some other serial interface
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program for console.
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Example:
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APP=nuttx
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CPU=atmega1284p
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BAUD=115200
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PORT=/dev/tty.usbserial-A703X8PQ
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avr-size --mcu=$CPU -C --format=avr $APP
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ard-reset-arduino --verbose $PORT
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avrdude -q -V -p $CPU -C {location-of-avrdude.conf} -D -c arduino -b $BAUD \
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-P $PORT -U flash:w:${APP}.hex:i
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miniterm.py --port=$PORT --baud=$BAUD -q --lf
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Toolchains
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^^^^^^^^^^
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The toolchain may be selected using the kconfig-mconf tool (via 'make menuconfig'),
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by editing the existing configuration file (defconfig), or by overriding
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the toolchain on the make commandline with CONFIG_AVR_TOOLCHAIN=<toolchain>.
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The valid values for <toolchain> are BUILDROOT, CROSSPACK, LINUXGCC and WINAVR.
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Buildroot:
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There is a DIY buildroot version for the AVR boards here:
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http://sourceforge.net/projects/nuttx/files/buildroot/. See the
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following section for details on building this toolchain.
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It is assumed in some places that buildroot toolchain is available
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at ../misc/buildroot/build_avr. Edit the setenv.sh file if
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this is not the case.
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After configuring NuttX, make sure that CONFIG_AVR_BUILDROOT=y is set in your
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.config file.
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WinAVR:
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For Cygwin development environment on Windows machines, you can use
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WinAVR: http://sourceforge.net/projects/winavr/files/
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It is assumed in some places that WinAVR is installed at C:/WinAVR. Edit the
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setenv.sh file if this is not the case.
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After configuring NuttX, make sure that CONFIG_AVR_WINAVR=y is set in your
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.config file.
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WARNING: There is an incompatible version of cygwin.dll in the WinAVR/bin
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directory! Make sure that the path to the correct cygwin.dll file precedes
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the path to the WinAVR binaries!
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Linux:
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For Linux, there are widely available avr-gcc packages. On Ubuntu, use:
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sudo apt-get install gcc-avr gdb-avr avr-libc
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After configuring NuttX, make sure that CONFIG_AVR_LINUXGCC=y is set in your
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.config file.
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Mac OS X:
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For Mac OS X, the CrossPack for AVR toolchain is available from:
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http://www.obdev.at/products/crosspack/index.html
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This toolchain is functionally equivalent to the Linux GCC toolchain.
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Windows Native Toolchains
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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The WinAVR toolchain is a Windows native toolchain. There are several
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limitations to using a Windows native toolchain in a Cygwin environment.
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The three biggest are:
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1. The Windows toolchain cannot follow Cygwin paths. Path conversions are
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performed automatically in the Cygwin makefiles using the 'cygpath'
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utility but you might easily find some new path problems. If so, check
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out 'cygpath -w'
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2. Windows toolchains cannot follow Cygwin symbolic links. Many symbolic
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links are used in Nuttx (e.g., include/arch). The make system works
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around these problems for the Windows tools by copying directories
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instead of linking them. But this can also cause some confusion for
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you: For example, you may edit a file in a "linked" directory and find
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that your changes had no effect. That is because you are building the
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copy of the file in the "fake" symbolic directory. If you use a
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Windows toolchain, you should get in the habit of making like this:
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make clean_context all
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An alias in your .bashrc file might make that less painful.
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3. Dependencies are not made when using Windows versions of the GCC. This
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is because the dependencies are generated using Windows pathes which do
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not work with the Cygwin make.
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MKDEP = $(TOPDIR)/tools/mknulldeps.sh
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An additional issue with the WinAVR toolchain, in particular, is that it
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contains an incompatible version of the Cygwin DLL in its bin/ directory.
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You must take care that the correct Cygwin DLL is used.
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NuttX buildroot Toolchain
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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If NuttX buildroot toolchain source tarball cne can be downloaded from the
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NuttX SourceForge download site (https://sourceforge.net/projects/nuttx/files/).
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This GNU toolchain builds and executes in the Linux or Cygwin environment.
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1. You must have already configured Nuttx in <some-dir>/nuttx.
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cd tools
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./configure.sh amber/<sub-dir>
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NOTE: you also must copy avr-libc header files into the NuttX include
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directory with command perhaps like:
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cp -a /cygdrive/c/WinAVR/include/avr include/.
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2. Download the latest buildroot package into <some-dir>
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3. unpack the buildroot tarball. The resulting directory may
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have versioning information on it like buildroot-x.y.z. If so,
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rename <some-dir>/buildroot-x.y.z to <some-dir>/buildroot.
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4. cd <some-dir>/buildroot
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5. cp configs/avr-defconfig-4.5.2 .config
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6. make oldconfig
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7. make
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8. Edit setenv.h, if necessary, so that the PATH variable includes
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the path to the newly built binaries.
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See the file configs/README.txt in the buildroot source tree. That has more
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detailed PLUS some special instructions that you will need to follow if you
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are building a toolchain for Cygwin under Windows.
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avr-libc
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^^^^^^^^
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Header Files
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In any case, header files from avr-libc are required: http://www.nongnu.org/avr-libc/.
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A snapshot of avr-lib is included in the WinAVR installation. For Linux
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development platforms, avr-libc package is readily available (and would
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be installed in the apt-get command shown above). But if you are using
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the NuttX buildroot configuration on Cygwin, then you will have to build
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get avr-libc from binaries.
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Header File Installation
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The NuttX build will required that the AVR header files be available via
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the NuttX include directory. This can be accomplished by either copying
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the avr-libc header files into the NuttX include directory:
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cp -a <avr-libc-path>/include/avr <nuttx-path>/include/.
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Or simply using a symbolic link:
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ln -s <avr-libc-path>/include/avr <nuttx-path>/include/.
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Build Notes:
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It may not necessary to have a built version of avr-lib; only header files
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are required. Bu if you choose to use the optimized libraru functions of
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the flowing point library, then you may have to build avr-lib from sources.
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Below are instructions for building avr-lib from fresh sources:
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1. Download the avr-libc package from:
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http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/avr-libc/
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I am using avr-lib-1.7.1.tar.bz2
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2. Upack the tarball and cd into the
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tar jxf avr-lib-1.7.1.tar.bz2
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cd avr-lib-1.7.1
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3. Configure avr-lib. Assuming that WinAVR is installed at the following
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loction:
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export PATH=/cygdrive/c/WinAVR/bin:$PATH
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./configure --build=`./config.guess` --host=avr
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This takes a *long* time.
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4. Make avr-lib.
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make
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This also takes a long time because it generates variants for nearly
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all AVR chips.
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5. Install avr-lib.
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make install
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MoteinoMEGA Configuration Options
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|
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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CONFIG_ARCH - Identifies the arch/ subdirectory. This should
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be set to:
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CONFIG_ARCH=avr
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CONFIG_ARCH_FAMILY - For use in C code:
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CONFIG_ARCH_FAMILY=avr
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CONFIG_ARCH_FAMILY_family - For use in C code:
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|
||
|
|
CONFIG_ARCH_FAMILY_AVR=y
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP - Identifies the arch/*/chip subdirectory
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP=atmega
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP_name - For use in C code to identify the exact
|
||
|
|
chip:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP_ATMEGA1284P=y
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD - Identifies the configs subdirectory and
|
||
|
|
hence, the board that supports the particular chip or SoC.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD=moteino-mega
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD_name - For use in C code
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD_MOTEINO_MEGA=y
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_ARCH_LOOPSPERMSEC - Must be calibrated for correct operation
|
||
|
|
of delay loops
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_ENDIAN_BIG - define if big endian (default is little
|
||
|
|
endian)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_RAM_SIZE - Describes the installed DRAM. One of:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_RAM_SIZE=(16*1024) - (16Kb)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_RAM_START - The start address of installed SRAM
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_RAM_START=0x800100
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_ARCH_LEDS - Use LEDs to show state. Unique to boards that
|
||
|
|
have LEDs
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_ARCH_INTERRUPTSTACK - This architecture supports an interrupt
|
||
|
|
stack. If defined, this symbol is the size of the interrupt
|
||
|
|
stack in bytes. If not defined, the user task stacks will be
|
||
|
|
used during interrupt handling.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_ARCH_STACKDUMP - Do stack dumps after assertions
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_ARCH_LEDS - Use LEDs to show state. Unique to board architecture.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_ARCH_CALIBRATION - Enables some build in instrumentation that
|
||
|
|
cause a 100 second delay during boot-up. This 100 second delay
|
||
|
|
serves no purpose other than it allows you to calibratre
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_ARCH_LOOPSPERMSEC. You simply use a stop watch to measure
|
||
|
|
the 100 second delay then adjust CONFIG_ARCH_LOOPSPERMSEC until
|
||
|
|
the delay actually is 100 seconds.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Individual subsystems can be enabled:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_AVR_INT0=n
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_AVR_INT1=n
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_AVR_INT2=n
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_AVR_INT3=n
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_AVR_INT4=n
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_AVR_INT5=n
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_AVR_INT6=n
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_AVR_INT7=n
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_AVR_WDT=n
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_AVR_TIMER0=n
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_AVR_TIMER1=n
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_AVR_TIMER2=n
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_AVR_TIMER3=n
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_AVR_SPI=n
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_AVR_USART0=y
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_AVR_USART1=n
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_AVR_ADC=n
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_AVR_ANACOMP=n
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_AVR_TWI=n
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
If the watchdog is enabled, this specifies the initial timeout. Default
|
||
|
|
is maximum supported value.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_WDTO_15MS
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_WDTO_30MS
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_WDTO_60MS
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_WDTO_120MS
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_WDTO_1250MS
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_WDTO_500MS
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_WDTO_1S
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_WDTO_2S
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_WDTO_4S
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_WDTO_8S
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
ATMEGA specific device driver settings
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_USARTn_SERIAL_CONSOLE - selects the USARTn for the
|
||
|
|
console and ttys0 (default is the USART0).
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_USARTn_RXBUFSIZE - Characters are buffered as received.
|
||
|
|
This specific the size of the receive buffer
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_USARTn_TXBUFSIZE - Characters are buffered before
|
||
|
|
being sent. This specific the size of the transmit buffer
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_USARTn_BAUD - The configure BAUD of the USART. Must be
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_USARTn_BITS - The number of bits. Must be either 7 or 8.
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_USARTn_PARTIY - 0=no parity, 1=odd parity, 2=even parity
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_USARTn_2STOP - Two stop bits
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Configurations
|
||
|
|
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Common Configuration Notes
|
||
|
|
--------------------------
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
1. Each MoteinoMEGA configuration is maintained in a sub-directory and
|
||
|
|
can be selected as follow:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
cd tools
|
||
|
|
./configure.sh moteino-mega/<subdir>
|
||
|
|
cd -
|
||
|
|
. ./setenv.sh
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Where <subdir> is one of the configuration sub-directories described in
|
||
|
|
the following paragraph.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
NOTE: You must also copy avr-libc header files, perhaps like:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
cp -a /cygdrive/c/WinAVR/include/avr include/.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
2. These configurations use the mconf-based configuration tool. To
|
||
|
|
change a configurations using that tool, you should:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
a. Build and install the kconfig-mconf tool. See nuttx/README.txt
|
||
|
|
and misc/tools/
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
b. Execute 'make menuconfig' in nuttx/ in order to start the
|
||
|
|
reconfiguration process.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
3. By default, all configurations assume the NuttX Buildroot toolchain
|
||
|
|
under Cygwin with Windows. This is easily reconfigured:
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_HOST_WINDOWS=y
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_WINDOWS_CYGWIN=y
|
||
|
|
CONFIG_AVR_BUILDROOT=y
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
Configuration Sub-Directories
|
||
|
|
-----------------------------
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
hello:
|
||
|
|
The simple apps/examples/hello "Hello, World!" example.
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
nsh:
|
||
|
|
Configures the NuttShell (nsh) located at examples/nsh. The
|
||
|
|
Configuration enables only the serial NSH interfaces.
|