nuttx/drivers/usbdev/cdcacm.c

/****************************************************************************
 * drivers/usbdev/cdcacm.c
 *
 *   Copyright (C) 2011-2013 Gregory Nutt. All rights reserved.
 *   Author: Gregory Nutt <gnutt@nuttx.org>
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 *
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
 *    the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
 *    distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name NuttX nor the names of its contributors may be
 *    used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
 * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
 * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
 * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
 * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
 * ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
 * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

/****************************************************************************
 * Included Files
 ****************************************************************************/

#include <nuttx/config.h>

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <semaphore.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <queue.h>
#include <debug.h>

#include <nuttx/kmalloc.h>
#include <nuttx/arch.h>
#include <nuttx/serial/serial.h>

#include <nuttx/usb/usb.h>
#include <nuttx/usb/cdc.h>
#include <nuttx/usb/usbdev.h>
#include <nuttx/usb/cdcacm.h>
#include <nuttx/usb/usbdev_trace.h>

#include "cdcacm.h"

#ifdef CONFIG_USBMSC_COMPOSITE
#  include <nuttx/usb/composite.h>
#  include "composite.h"
#endif

/****************************************************************************
 * Pre-processor Definitions
 ****************************************************************************/

/****************************************************************************
 * Private Types
 ****************************************************************************/

/* Container to support a list of requests */

struct cdcacm_req_s
{
  FAR struct cdcacm_req_s *flink;      /* Implements a singly linked list */
  FAR struct usbdev_req_s *req;        /* The contained request */
};

/* This structure describes the internal state of the driver */

struct cdcacm_dev_s
{
  FAR struct uart_dev_s    serdev;     /* Serial device structure */
  FAR struct usbdev_s     *usbdev;     /* usbdev driver pointer */

  uint8_t config;                      /* Configuration number */
  uint8_t nwrq;                        /* Number of queue write requests (in reqlist)*/
  uint8_t nrdq;                        /* Number of queue read requests (in epbulkout) */
  uint8_t minor;                       /* The device minor number */
  bool    rxenabled;                   /* true: UART RX "interrupts" enabled */
  int16_t rxhead;                      /* Working head; used when rx int disabled */

  uint8_t                  ctrlline;   /* Buffered control line state */
  struct cdc_linecoding_s  linecoding; /* Buffered line status */
  cdcacm_callback_t        callback;   /* Serial event callback function */

  FAR struct usbdev_ep_s  *epintin;    /* Interrupt IN endpoint structure */
  FAR struct usbdev_ep_s  *epbulkin;   /* Bulk IN endpoint structure */
  FAR struct usbdev_ep_s  *epbulkout;  /* Bulk OUT endpoint structure */
  FAR struct usbdev_req_s *ctrlreq;    /* Allocoated control request */
  struct sq_queue_s        reqlist;    /* List of write request containers */

  /* Pre-allocated write request containers.  The write requests will
   * be linked in a free list (reqlist), and used to send requests to
   * EPBULKIN; Read requests will be queued in the EBULKOUT.
   */

  struct cdcacm_req_s wrreqs[CONFIG_CDCACM_NWRREQS];
  struct cdcacm_req_s rdreqs[CONFIG_CDCACM_NWRREQS];

  /* Serial I/O buffers */

  char rxbuffer[CONFIG_CDCACM_RXBUFSIZE];
  char txbuffer[CONFIG_CDCACM_TXBUFSIZE];
};

/* The internal version of the class driver */

struct cdcacm_driver_s
{
  struct usbdevclass_driver_s drvr;
  FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s     *dev;
};

/* This is what is allocated */

struct cdcacm_alloc_s
{
  struct cdcacm_dev_s    dev;
  struct cdcacm_driver_s drvr;
};

/****************************************************************************
 * Private Function Prototypes
 ****************************************************************************/

/* Transfer helpers *********************************************************/

static uint16_t cdcacm_fillrequest(FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv,
                 uint8_t *reqbuf, uint16_t reqlen);
static int     cdcacm_sndpacket(FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv);
static inline int cdcacm_recvpacket(FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv,
                 uint8_t *reqbuf, uint16_t reqlen);

/* Request helpers *********************************************************/

static struct usbdev_req_s *cdcacm_allocreq(FAR struct usbdev_ep_s *ep,
                 uint16_t len);
static void    cdcacm_freereq(FAR struct usbdev_ep_s *ep,
                 FAR struct usbdev_req_s *req);

/* Configuration ***********************************************************/

static void    cdcacm_resetconfig(FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv);
#ifdef CONFIG_USBDEV_DUALSPEED
static int     cdcacm_epconfigure(FAR struct usbdev_ep_s *ep,
                 enum cdcacm_epdesc_e epid, uint16_t mxpacket, bool last);
#endif
static int     cdcacm_setconfig(FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv,
                 uint8_t config);

/* Completion event handlers ***********************************************/

static void    cdcacm_ep0incomplete(FAR struct usbdev_ep_s *ep,
                 FAR struct usbdev_req_s *req);
static void    cdcacm_rdcomplete(FAR struct usbdev_ep_s *ep,
                 FAR struct usbdev_req_s *req);
static void    cdcacm_wrcomplete(FAR struct usbdev_ep_s *ep,
                 FAR struct usbdev_req_s *req);

/* USB class device ********************************************************/

static int     cdcacm_bind(FAR struct usbdevclass_driver_s *driver,
                 FAR struct usbdev_s *dev);
static void    cdcacm_unbind(FAR struct usbdevclass_driver_s *driver,
                 FAR struct usbdev_s *dev);
static int     cdcacm_setup(FAR struct usbdevclass_driver_s *driver,
                 FAR struct usbdev_s *dev,
                 FAR const struct usb_ctrlreq_s *ctrl, FAR uint8_t *dataout,
                 size_t outlen);
static void    cdcacm_disconnect(FAR struct usbdevclass_driver_s *driver,
                 FAR struct usbdev_s *dev);
#ifdef CONFIG_SERIAL_REMOVABLE
static void    cdcacm_suspend(FAR struct usbdevclass_driver_s *driver,
                 FAR struct usbdev_s *dev);
static void    cdcacm_resume(FAR struct usbdevclass_driver_s *driver,
                 FAR struct usbdev_s *dev);
#endif

/* UART Operations **********************************************************/

static int     cdcuart_setup(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev);
static void    cdcuart_shutdown(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev);
static int     cdcuart_attach(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev);
static void    cdcuart_detach(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev);
static int     cdcuart_ioctl(FAR struct file *filep,int cmd,unsigned long arg);
static void    cdcuart_rxint(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev, bool enable);
static void    cdcuart_txint(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev, bool enable);
static bool    cdcuart_txempty(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev);

/****************************************************************************
 * Private Variables
 ****************************************************************************/
/* USB class device *********************************************************/

static const struct usbdevclass_driverops_s g_driverops =
{
  cdcacm_bind,          /* bind */
  cdcacm_unbind,        /* unbind */
  cdcacm_setup,         /* setup */
  cdcacm_disconnect,    /* disconnect */
#ifdef CONFIG_SERIAL_REMOVABLE
  cdcacm_suspend,       /* suspend */
  cdcacm_resume,        /* resume */
#else
  NULL,                 /* suspend */
  NULL,                 /* resume */
#endif
};

/* Serial port **************************************************************/

static const struct uart_ops_s g_uartops =
{
  cdcuart_setup,        /* setup */
  cdcuart_shutdown,     /* shutdown */
  cdcuart_attach,       /* attach */
  cdcuart_detach,       /* detach */
  cdcuart_ioctl,        /* ioctl */
  NULL,                 /* receive */
  cdcuart_rxint,        /* rxinit */
  NULL,                 /* rxavailable */
  NULL,                 /* send */
  cdcuart_txint,        /* txinit */
  NULL,                 /* txready */
  cdcuart_txempty       /* txempty */
};

/****************************************************************************
 * Private Functions
 ****************************************************************************/

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcacm_fillrequest
 *
 * Description:
 *   If there is data to send it is copied to the given buffer.  Called
 *   either to initiate the first write operation, or from the completion
 *   interrupt handler service consecutive write operations.
 *
 * NOTE: The USB serial driver does not use the serial drivers
 *   uart_xmitchars() API.  That logic is essentially duplicated here because
 *   unlike UART hardware, we need to be able to handle writes not byte-by-byte,
 *   but packet-by-packet. Unfortunately, that decision also exposes some
 *   internals of the serial driver in the following.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static uint16_t cdcacm_fillrequest(FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv, uint8_t *reqbuf,
                                   uint16_t reqlen)
{
  FAR uart_dev_t *serdev = &priv->serdev;
  FAR struct uart_buffer_s *xmit = &serdev->xmit;
  irqstate_t flags;
  uint16_t nbytes = 0;

  /* Disable interrupts */

  flags = irqsave();

  /* Transfer bytes while we have bytes available and there is room in the request */

  while (xmit->head != xmit->tail && nbytes < reqlen)
    {
      *reqbuf++ = xmit->buffer[xmit->tail];
      nbytes++;

      /* Increment the tail pointer */

      if (++(xmit->tail) >= xmit->size)
        {
          xmit->tail = 0;
        }
    }

  /* When all of the characters have been sent from the buffer
   * disable the "TX interrupt".
   */

  if (xmit->head == xmit->tail)
    {
      uart_disabletxint(serdev);
    }

  /* If any bytes were removed from the buffer, inform any waiters
   * there there is space available.
   */

  if (nbytes)
    {
      uart_datasent(serdev);
    }

  irqrestore(flags);
  return nbytes;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcacm_sndpacket
 *
 * Description:
 *   This function obtains write requests, transfers the TX data into the
 *   request, and submits the requests to the USB controller.  This continues
 *   untils either (1) there are no further packets available, or (2) thre is
 *   no further data to send.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static int cdcacm_sndpacket(FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv)
{
  FAR struct usbdev_ep_s *ep;
  FAR struct usbdev_req_s *req;
  FAR struct cdcacm_req_s *reqcontainer;
  uint16_t reqlen;
  irqstate_t flags;
  int len;
  int ret = OK;

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
  if (priv == NULL)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_INVALIDARG), 0);
      return -ENODEV;
    }
#endif

  flags = irqsave();

  /* Use our IN endpoint for the transfer */

  ep = priv->epbulkin;

  /* Loop until either (1) we run out or write requests, or (2) cdcacm_fillrequest()
   * is unable to fill the request with data (i.e., until there is no more data
   * to be sent).
   */

  uvdbg("head=%d tail=%d nwrq=%d empty=%d\n",
        priv->serdev.xmit.head, priv->serdev.xmit.tail,
        priv->nwrq, sq_empty(&priv->reqlist));

  /* Get the maximum number of bytes that will fit into one bulk IN request */

  reqlen = MAX(CONFIG_CDCACM_BULKIN_REQLEN, ep->maxpacket);

  while (!sq_empty(&priv->reqlist))
    {
      /* Peek at the request in the container at the head of the list */

      reqcontainer = (FAR struct cdcacm_req_s *)sq_peek(&priv->reqlist);
      req          = reqcontainer->req;

      /* Fill the request with serial TX data */

      len = cdcacm_fillrequest(priv, req->buf, reqlen);
      if (len > 0)
        {
          /* Remove the empty container from the request list */

          (void)sq_remfirst(&priv->reqlist);
          priv->nwrq--;

          /* Then submit the request to the endpoint */

          req->len     = len;
          req->priv    = reqcontainer;
          req->flags   = USBDEV_REQFLAGS_NULLPKT;
          ret          = EP_SUBMIT(ep, req);
          if (ret != OK)
            {
              usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_SUBMITFAIL), (uint16_t)-ret);
              break;
            }
        }
      else
        {
          break;
        }
    }

  irqrestore(flags);
  return ret;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcacm_recvpacket
 *
 * Description:
 *   A normal completion event was received by the read completion handler
 *   at the interrupt level (with interrupts disabled).  This function handles
 *   the USB packet and provides the received data to the uart RX buffer.
 *
 * Assumptions:
 *   Called from the USB interrupt handler with interrupts disabled.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static inline int cdcacm_recvpacket(FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv,
                                    uint8_t *reqbuf, uint16_t reqlen)
{
  FAR uart_dev_t *serdev = &priv->serdev;
  FAR struct uart_buffer_s *recv = &serdev->recv;
  uint16_t currhead;
  uint16_t nexthead;
  uint16_t nbytes = 0;

  uvdbg("head=%d tail=%d nrdq=%d reqlen=%d\n",
        priv->serdev.recv.head, priv->serdev.recv.tail, priv->nrdq, reqlen);

  /* Get the next head index. During the time that RX interrupts are disabled, the
   * the serial driver will be extracting data from the circular buffer and modifying
   * recv.tail.  During this time, we should avoid modifying recv.head; Instead we will
   * use a shadow copy of the index.  When interrupts are restored, the real recv.head
   * will be updated with this indes.
   */

  if (priv->rxenabled)
    {
      currhead = recv->head;
    }
  else
    {
      currhead = priv->rxhead;
    }

  /* Pre-calculate the head index and check for wrap around.  We need to do this
   * so that we can determine if the circular buffer will overrun BEFORE we
   * overrun the buffer!
   */

  nexthead = currhead + 1;
  if (nexthead >= recv->size)
    {
      nexthead = 0;
    }

  /* Then copy data into the RX buffer until either: (1) all of the data has been
   * copied, or (2) the RX buffer is full.  NOTE:  If the RX buffer becomes full,
   * then we have overrun the serial driver and data will be lost.
   */

  while (nexthead != recv->tail && nbytes < reqlen)
    {
      /* Copy one byte to the head of the circular RX buffer */

      recv->buffer[currhead] = *reqbuf++;

      /* Update counts and indices */

      currhead = nexthead;
      nbytes++;

      /* Increment the head index and check for wrap around */

      nexthead = currhead + 1;
      if (nexthead >= recv->size)
        {
          nexthead = 0;
        }
    }

  /* Write back the head pointer using the shadow index if RX "interrupts"
   * are disabled.
   */

  if (priv->rxenabled)
    {
      recv->head = currhead;
    }
  else
    {
      priv->rxhead = currhead;
    }

  /* If data was added to the incoming serial buffer, then wake up any
   * threads is waiting for incoming data. If we are running in an interrupt
   * handler, then the serial driver will not run until the interrupt handler
   * returns.
   */

  if (priv->rxenabled && nbytes > 0)
    {
      uart_datareceived(serdev);
    }

  /* Return an error if the entire packet could not be transferred */

  if (nbytes < reqlen)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_RXOVERRUN), 0);
      return -ENOSPC;
    }
  return OK;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcacm_allocreq
 *
 * Description:
 *   Allocate a request instance along with its buffer
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static struct usbdev_req_s *cdcacm_allocreq(FAR struct usbdev_ep_s *ep,
                                            uint16_t len)
{
  FAR struct usbdev_req_s *req;

  req = EP_ALLOCREQ(ep);
  if (req != NULL)
    {
      req->len = len;
      req->buf = EP_ALLOCBUFFER(ep, len);
      if (!req->buf)
        {
          EP_FREEREQ(ep, req);
          req = NULL;
        }
    }

  return req;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcacm_freereq
 *
 * Description:
 *   Free a request instance along with its buffer
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static void cdcacm_freereq(FAR struct usbdev_ep_s *ep,
                           FAR struct usbdev_req_s *req)
{
  if (ep != NULL && req != NULL)
    {
      if (req->buf != NULL)
        {
          EP_FREEBUFFER(ep, req->buf);
        }
      EP_FREEREQ(ep, req);
    }
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcacm_resetconfig
 *
 * Description:
 *   Mark the device as not configured and disable all endpoints.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static void cdcacm_resetconfig(FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv)
{
  /* Are we configured? */

  if (priv->config != CDCACM_CONFIGIDNONE)
    {
      /* Yes.. but not anymore */

      priv->config = CDCACM_CONFIGIDNONE;

      /* Inform the "upper half" driver that there is no (functional) USB
       * connection.
       */

#ifdef CONFIG_SERIAL_REMOVABLE
      uart_connected(&priv->serdev, false);
#endif

      /* Disable endpoints.  This should force completion of all pending
       * transfers.
       */

      EP_DISABLE(priv->epintin);
      EP_DISABLE(priv->epbulkin);
      EP_DISABLE(priv->epbulkout);
    }
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcacm_epconfigure
 *
 * Description:
 *   Configure one endpoint.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

#ifdef CONFIG_USBDEV_DUALSPEED
static int cdcacm_epconfigure(FAR struct usbdev_ep_s *ep,
                              enum cdcacm_epdesc_e epid, uint16_t mxpacket,
                              bool last)
{
  struct usb_epdesc_s epdesc;
  cdcacm_mkepdesc(epid, mxpacket, &epdesc);
  return EP_CONFIGURE(ep, &epdesc, last);
}
#endif

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcacm_setconfig
 *
 * Description:
 *   Set the device configuration by allocating and configuring endpoints and
 *   by allocating and queue read and write requests.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static int cdcacm_setconfig(FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv, uint8_t config)
{
  FAR struct usbdev_req_s *req;
  int i;
  int ret = 0;

#if CONFIG_DEBUG
  if (priv == NULL)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_INVALIDARG), 0);
      return -EIO;
    }
#endif

  if (config == priv->config)
    {
      /* Already configured -- Do nothing */

      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_ALREADYCONFIGURED), 0);
      return 0;
    }

  /* Discard the previous configuration data */

  cdcacm_resetconfig(priv);

  /* Was this a request to simply discard the current configuration? */

  if (config == CDCACM_CONFIGIDNONE)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_CONFIGNONE), 0);
      return 0;
    }

  /* We only accept one configuration */

  if (config != CDCACM_CONFIGID)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_CONFIGIDBAD), 0);
      return -EINVAL;
    }

  /* Configure the IN interrupt endpoint */

#ifdef CONFIG_USBDEV_DUALSPEED
  if (priv->usbdev->speed == USB_SPEED_HIGH)
    {
      ret = cdcacm_epconfigure(priv->epintin, CDCACM_EPINTIN,
                               CONFIG_CDCACM_EPINTIN_HSSIZE, false);
    }
  else
#endif
    {
      ret = EP_CONFIGURE(priv->epintin,
                         cdcacm_getepdesc(CDCACM_EPINTIN), false);
    }

  if (ret < 0)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_EPINTINCONFIGFAIL), 0);
      goto errout;
    }
  priv->epintin->priv = priv;

  /* Configure the IN bulk endpoint */

#ifdef CONFIG_USBDEV_DUALSPEED
  if (priv->usbdev->speed == USB_SPEED_HIGH)
    {
      ret = cdcacm_epconfigure(priv->epbulkin, CDCACM_EPBULKIN,
                               CONFIG_CDCACM_EPBULKIN_HSSIZE, false);
    }
  else
#endif
    {
      ret = EP_CONFIGURE(priv->epbulkin,
                         cdcacm_getepdesc(CDCACM_EPBULKIN), false);
    }

  if (ret < 0)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_EPBULKINCONFIGFAIL), 0);
      goto errout;
    }

  priv->epbulkin->priv = priv;

  /* Configure the OUT bulk endpoint */

#ifdef CONFIG_USBDEV_DUALSPEED
  if (priv->usbdev->speed == USB_SPEED_HIGH)
    {
      ret = cdcacm_epconfigure(priv->epbulkout, CDCACM_EPBULKOUT,
                               CONFIG_CDCACM_EPBULKOUT_HSSIZE, true);
    }
  else
#endif
    {
      ret = EP_CONFIGURE(priv->epbulkout,
                         cdcacm_getepdesc(CDCACM_EPBULKOUT), true);
    }

  if (ret < 0)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_EPBULKOUTCONFIGFAIL), 0);
      goto errout;
    }

  priv->epbulkout->priv = priv;

  /* Queue read requests in the bulk OUT endpoint */

  DEBUGASSERT(priv->nrdq == 0);
  for (i = 0; i < CONFIG_CDCACM_NRDREQS; i++)
    {
      req           = priv->rdreqs[i].req;
      req->callback = cdcacm_rdcomplete;
      ret           = EP_SUBMIT(priv->epbulkout, req);
      if (ret != OK)
        {
          usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_RDSUBMIT), (uint16_t)-ret);
          goto errout;
        }

      priv->nrdq++;
    }

  /* We are successfully configured */

  priv->config = config;

  /* Inform the "upper half" driver that we are "open for business" */

#ifdef CONFIG_SERIAL_REMOVABLE
  uart_connected(&priv->serdev, true);
#endif

  return OK;

errout:
  cdcacm_resetconfig(priv);
  return ret;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcacm_ep0incomplete
 *
 * Description:
 *   Handle completion of EP0 control operations
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static void cdcacm_ep0incomplete(FAR struct usbdev_ep_s *ep,
                                 FAR struct usbdev_req_s *req)
{
  if (req->result || req->xfrd != req->len)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_REQRESULT), (uint16_t)-req->result);
    }
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcacm_rdcomplete
 *
 * Description:
 *   Handle completion of read request on the bulk OUT endpoint.  This
 *   is handled like the receipt of serial data on the "UART"
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static void cdcacm_rdcomplete(FAR struct usbdev_ep_s *ep,
                              FAR struct usbdev_req_s *req)
{
  FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv;
  irqstate_t flags;
  int ret;

  /* Sanity check */

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
  if (!ep || !ep->priv || !req)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_INVALIDARG), 0);
      return;
     }
#endif

  /* Extract references to private data */

  priv = (FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s*)ep->priv;

  /* Process the received data unless this is some unusual condition */

  flags = irqsave();
  switch (req->result)
    {
    case 0: /* Normal completion */
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLASSRDCOMPLETE, priv->nrdq);
      cdcacm_recvpacket(priv, req->buf, req->xfrd);
      break;

    case -ESHUTDOWN: /* Disconnection */
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_RDSHUTDOWN), 0);
      priv->nrdq--;
      irqrestore(flags);
      return;

    default: /* Some other error occurred */
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_RDUNEXPECTED), (uint16_t)-req->result);
      break;
    };

  /* Requeue the read request */

  req->len = ep->maxpacket;
  ret      = EP_SUBMIT(ep, req);
  if (ret != OK)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_RDSUBMIT), (uint16_t)-req->result);
    }

  irqrestore(flags);
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcacm_wrcomplete
 *
 * Description:
 *   Handle completion of write request.  This function probably executes
 *   in the context of an interrupt handler.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static void cdcacm_wrcomplete(FAR struct usbdev_ep_s *ep,
                              FAR struct usbdev_req_s *req)
{
  FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv;
  FAR struct cdcacm_req_s *reqcontainer;
  irqstate_t flags;

  /* Sanity check */

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
  if (!ep || !ep->priv || !req || !req->priv)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_INVALIDARG), 0);
      return;
     }
#endif

  /* Extract references to our private data */

  priv         = (FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *)ep->priv;
  reqcontainer = (FAR struct cdcacm_req_s *)req->priv;

  /* Return the write request to the free list */

  flags = irqsave();
  sq_addlast((sq_entry_t*)reqcontainer, &priv->reqlist);
  priv->nwrq++;
  irqrestore(flags);

  /* Send the next packet unless this was some unusual termination
   * condition
   */

  switch (req->result)
    {
    case OK: /* Normal completion */
      {
        usbtrace(TRACE_CLASSWRCOMPLETE, priv->nwrq);
        cdcacm_sndpacket(priv);
      }
      break;

    case -ESHUTDOWN: /* Disconnection */
      {
        usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_WRSHUTDOWN), priv->nwrq);
      }
      break;

    default: /* Some other error occurred */
      {
        usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_WRUNEXPECTED), (uint16_t)-req->result);
      }
      break;
    }
}

/****************************************************************************
 * USB Class Driver Methods
 ****************************************************************************/

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcacm_bind
 *
 * Description:
 *   Invoked when the driver is bound to a USB device driver
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static int cdcacm_bind(FAR struct usbdevclass_driver_s *driver,
                       FAR struct usbdev_s *dev)
{
  FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv = ((FAR struct cdcacm_driver_s*)driver)->dev;
  FAR struct cdcacm_req_s *reqcontainer;
  irqstate_t flags;
  uint16_t reqlen;
  int ret;
  int i;

  usbtrace(TRACE_CLASSBIND, 0);

  /* Bind the structures */

  priv->usbdev   = dev;

  /* Save the reference to our private data structure in EP0 so that it
   * can be recovered in ep0 completion events (Unless we are part of
   * a composite device and, in that case, the composite device owns
   * EP0).
   */

#ifndef CONFIG_USBMSC_COMPOSITE
  dev->ep0->priv = priv;
#endif

  /* Preallocate control request */

  priv->ctrlreq = cdcacm_allocreq(dev->ep0, CDCACM_MXDESCLEN);
  if (priv->ctrlreq == NULL)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_ALLOCCTRLREQ), 0);
      ret = -ENOMEM;
      goto errout;
    }

  priv->ctrlreq->callback = cdcacm_ep0incomplete;

  /* Pre-allocate all endpoints... the endpoints will not be functional
   * until the SET CONFIGURATION request is processed in cdcacm_setconfig.
   * This is done here because there may be calls to kmalloc and the SET
   * CONFIGURATION processing probably occurrs within interrupt handling
   * logic where kmalloc calls will fail.
   */

  /* Pre-allocate the IN interrupt endpoint */

  priv->epintin = DEV_ALLOCEP(dev, CDCACM_EPINTIN_ADDR, true, USB_EP_ATTR_XFER_INT);
  if (!priv->epintin)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_EPINTINALLOCFAIL), 0);
      ret = -ENODEV;
      goto errout;
    }

  priv->epintin->priv = priv;

  /* Pre-allocate the IN bulk endpoint */

  priv->epbulkin = DEV_ALLOCEP(dev, CDCACM_EPINBULK_ADDR, true, USB_EP_ATTR_XFER_BULK);
  if (!priv->epbulkin)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_EPBULKINALLOCFAIL), 0);
      ret = -ENODEV;
      goto errout;
    }

  priv->epbulkin->priv = priv;

  /* Pre-allocate the OUT bulk endpoint */

  priv->epbulkout = DEV_ALLOCEP(dev, CDCACM_EPOUTBULK_ADDR, false, USB_EP_ATTR_XFER_BULK);
  if (!priv->epbulkout)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_EPBULKOUTALLOCFAIL), 0);
      ret = -ENODEV;
      goto errout;
    }

  priv->epbulkout->priv = priv;

  /* Pre-allocate read requests.  The buffer size is one full packet. */

#ifdef CONFIG_USBDEV_DUALSPEED
  reqlen = CONFIG_CDCACM_EPBULKOUT_HSSIZE;
#else
  reqlen = CONFIG_CDCACM_EPBULKOUT_FSSIZE;
#endif

  for (i = 0; i < CONFIG_CDCACM_NRDREQS; i++)
    {
      reqcontainer      = &priv->rdreqs[i];
      reqcontainer->req = cdcacm_allocreq(priv->epbulkout, reqlen);
      if (reqcontainer->req == NULL)
        {
          usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_RDALLOCREQ), -ENOMEM);
          ret = -ENOMEM;
          goto errout;
        }

      reqcontainer->req->priv     = reqcontainer;
      reqcontainer->req->callback = cdcacm_rdcomplete;
    }

  /* Pre-allocate write request containers and put in a free list.
   * The buffer size should be larger than a full packet.  Otherwise,
   * we will send a bogus null packet at the end of each packet.
   *
   * Pick the larger of the max packet size and the configured request
   * size.
   */

#ifdef CONFIG_USBDEV_DUALSPEED
  reqlen = CONFIG_CDCACM_EPBULKIN_HSSIZE;
#else
  reqlen = CONFIG_CDCACM_EPBULKIN_FSSIZE;
#endif

  if (CONFIG_CDCACM_BULKIN_REQLEN > reqlen)
    {
      reqlen = CONFIG_CDCACM_BULKIN_REQLEN;
    }

  for (i = 0; i < CONFIG_CDCACM_NWRREQS; i++)
    {
      reqcontainer      = &priv->wrreqs[i];
      reqcontainer->req = cdcacm_allocreq(priv->epbulkin, reqlen);
      if (reqcontainer->req == NULL)
        {
          usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_WRALLOCREQ), -ENOMEM);
          ret = -ENOMEM;
          goto errout;
        }

      reqcontainer->req->priv     = reqcontainer;
      reqcontainer->req->callback = cdcacm_wrcomplete;

      flags = irqsave();
      sq_addlast((sq_entry_t*)reqcontainer, &priv->reqlist);
      priv->nwrq++;     /* Count of write requests available */
      irqrestore(flags);
    }

  /* Report if we are selfpowered (unless we are part of a composite device) */

#ifndef CONFIG_CDCACM_COMPOSITE
#ifdef CONFIG_USBDEV_SELFPOWERED
  DEV_SETSELFPOWERED(dev);
#endif

  /* And pull-up the data line for the soft connect function (unless we are
   * part of a composite device)
   */

  DEV_CONNECT(dev);
#endif
  return OK;

errout:
  cdcacm_unbind(driver, dev);
  return ret;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcacm_unbind
 *
 * Description:
 *    Invoked when the driver is unbound from a USB device driver
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static void cdcacm_unbind(FAR struct usbdevclass_driver_s *driver,
                          FAR struct usbdev_s *dev)
{
  FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv;
  FAR struct cdcacm_req_s *reqcontainer;
  irqstate_t flags;
  int i;

  usbtrace(TRACE_CLASSUNBIND, 0);

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
  if (!driver || !dev)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_INVALIDARG), 0);
      return;
     }
#endif

  /* Extract reference to private data */

  priv = ((FAR struct cdcacm_driver_s*)driver)->dev;

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
  if (!priv)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_EP0NOTBOUND), 0);
      return;
    }
#endif

  /* Make sure that we are not already unbound */

  if (priv != NULL)
    {
      /* Make sure that the endpoints have been unconfigured.  If
       * we were terminated gracefully, then the configuration should
       * already have been reset.  If not, then calling cdcacm_resetconfig
       * should cause the endpoints to immediately terminate all
       * transfers and return the requests to us (with result == -ESHUTDOWN)
       */

      cdcacm_resetconfig(priv);
      up_mdelay(50);

      /* Free the interrupt IN endpoint */

      if (priv->epintin)
        {
          DEV_FREEEP(dev, priv->epintin);
          priv->epintin = NULL;
        }

      /* Free the bulk IN endpoint */

      if (priv->epbulkin)
        {
          DEV_FREEEP(dev, priv->epbulkin);
          priv->epbulkin = NULL;
        }

      /* Free the pre-allocated control request */

      if (priv->ctrlreq != NULL)
        {
          cdcacm_freereq(dev->ep0, priv->ctrlreq);
          priv->ctrlreq = NULL;
        }

      /* Free pre-allocated read requests (which should all have
       * been returned to the free list at this time -- we don't check)
       */

      DEBUGASSERT(priv->nrdq == 0);
      for (i = 0; i < CONFIG_CDCACM_NRDREQS; i++)
        {
          reqcontainer = &priv->rdreqs[i];
          if (reqcontainer->req)
            {
              cdcacm_freereq(priv->epbulkout, reqcontainer->req);
              reqcontainer->req = NULL;
            }
        }

      /* Free the bulk OUT endpoint */

      if (priv->epbulkout)
        {
          DEV_FREEEP(dev, priv->epbulkout);
          priv->epbulkout = NULL;
        }

      /* Free write requests that are not in use (which should be all
       * of them)
       */

      flags = irqsave();
      DEBUGASSERT(priv->nwrq == CONFIG_CDCACM_NWRREQS);
      while (!sq_empty(&priv->reqlist))
        {
          reqcontainer = (struct cdcacm_req_s *)sq_remfirst(&priv->reqlist);
          if (reqcontainer->req != NULL)
            {
              cdcacm_freereq(priv->epbulkin, reqcontainer->req);
              priv->nwrq--;     /* Number of write requests queued */
            }
        }
      DEBUGASSERT(priv->nwrq == 0);
      irqrestore(flags);
    }

  /* Clear out all data in the circular buffer */

  priv->serdev.xmit.head = 0;
  priv->serdev.xmit.tail = 0;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcacm_setup
 *
 * Description:
 *   Invoked for ep0 control requests.  This function probably executes
 *   in the context of an interrupt handler.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static int cdcacm_setup(FAR struct usbdevclass_driver_s *driver,
                        FAR struct usbdev_s *dev,
                        FAR const struct usb_ctrlreq_s *ctrl,
                        FAR uint8_t *dataout, size_t outlen)
{
  FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv;
  FAR struct usbdev_req_s *ctrlreq;
  uint16_t value;
  uint16_t index;
  uint16_t len;
  int ret = -EOPNOTSUPP;

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
  if (!driver || !dev || !ctrl)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_INVALIDARG), 0);
      return -EIO;
     }
#endif

  /* Extract reference to private data */

  usbtrace(TRACE_CLASSSETUP, ctrl->req);
  priv = ((FAR struct cdcacm_driver_s*)driver)->dev;

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
  if (!priv || !priv->ctrlreq)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_EP0NOTBOUND), 0);
      return -ENODEV;
    }
#endif
  ctrlreq = priv->ctrlreq;

  /* Extract the little-endian 16-bit values to host order */

  value = GETUINT16(ctrl->value);
  index = GETUINT16(ctrl->index);
  len   = GETUINT16(ctrl->len);

  uvdbg("type=%02x req=%02x value=%04x index=%04x len=%04x\n",
        ctrl->type, ctrl->req, value, index, len);

  if ((ctrl->type & USB_REQ_TYPE_MASK) == USB_REQ_TYPE_STANDARD)
    {
      /***********************************************************************
       * Standard Requests
       ***********************************************************************/

      switch (ctrl->req)
        {
        case USB_REQ_GETDESCRIPTOR:
          {
            /* The value field specifies the descriptor type in the MS byte and the
             * descriptor index in the LS byte (order is little endian)
             */

            switch (ctrl->value[1])
              {
              /* If the serial device is used in as part of a composite device,
               * then the device descriptor is provided by logic in the composite
               * device implementation.
               */

#ifndef CONFIG_CDCACM_COMPOSITE
              case USB_DESC_TYPE_DEVICE:
                {
                  ret = USB_SIZEOF_DEVDESC;
                  memcpy(ctrlreq->buf, cdcacm_getdevdesc(), ret);
                }
                break;
#endif

              /* If the serial device is used in as part of a composite device,
               * then the device qualifier descriptor is provided by logic in the
               * composite device implementation.
               */

#if !defined(CONFIG_CDCACM_COMPOSITE) && defined(CONFIG_USBDEV_DUALSPEED)
              case USB_DESC_TYPE_DEVICEQUALIFIER:
                {
                  ret = USB_SIZEOF_QUALDESC;
                  memcpy(ctrlreq->buf, cdcacm_getqualdesc(), ret);
                }
                break;

              case USB_DESC_TYPE_OTHERSPEEDCONFIG:
#endif

              /* If the serial device is used in as part of a composite device,
               * then the configuration descriptor is provided by logic in the
               * composite device implementation.
               */

#ifndef CONFIG_CDCACM_COMPOSITE
              case USB_DESC_TYPE_CONFIG:
                {
#ifdef CONFIG_USBDEV_DUALSPEED
                  ret = cdcacm_mkcfgdesc(ctrlreq->buf, dev->speed, ctrl->req);
#else
                  ret = cdcacm_mkcfgdesc(ctrlreq->buf);
#endif
                }
                break;
#endif

              /* If the serial device is used in as part of a composite device,
               * then the language string descriptor is provided by logic in the
               * composite device implementation.
               */

#ifndef CONFIG_CDCACM_COMPOSITE
              case USB_DESC_TYPE_STRING:
                {
                  /* index == language code. */

                  ret = cdcacm_mkstrdesc(ctrl->value[0], (struct usb_strdesc_s *)ctrlreq->buf);
                }
                break;
#endif

              default:
                {
                  usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_GETUNKNOWNDESC), value);
                }
                break;
              }
          }
          break;

        case USB_REQ_SETCONFIGURATION:
          {
            if (ctrl->type == 0)
              {
                ret = cdcacm_setconfig(priv, value);
              }
          }
          break;

        /* If the serial device is used in as part of a composite device,
         * then the overall composite class configuration is managed by logic
         * in the composite device implementation.
         */

#ifndef CONFIG_CDCACM_COMPOSITE
        case USB_REQ_GETCONFIGURATION:
          {
            if (ctrl->type == USB_DIR_IN)
              {
                *(uint8_t*)ctrlreq->buf = priv->config;
                ret = 1;
              }
          }
          break;
#endif

        case USB_REQ_SETINTERFACE:
          {
            if (ctrl->type == USB_REQ_RECIPIENT_INTERFACE &&
                priv->config == CDCACM_CONFIGID)
              {
                if ((index == CDCACM_NOTIFID && value == CDCACM_NOTALTIFID) ||
                    (index == CDCACM_DATAIFID && value == CDCACM_DATAALTIFID))
                  {
                    cdcacm_resetconfig(priv);
                    cdcacm_setconfig(priv, priv->config);
                    ret = 0;
                  }
              }
          }
          break;

        case USB_REQ_GETINTERFACE:
          {
            if (ctrl->type == (USB_DIR_IN|USB_REQ_RECIPIENT_INTERFACE) &&
                priv->config == CDCACM_CONFIGIDNONE)
              {
                if ((index == CDCACM_NOTIFID && value == CDCACM_NOTALTIFID) ||
                    (index == CDCACM_DATAIFID && value == CDCACM_DATAALTIFID))
                   {
                    *(uint8_t*) ctrlreq->buf = value;
                    ret = 1;
                  }
                else
                  {
                    ret = -EDOM;
                  }
              }
           }
           break;

        default:
          usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_UNSUPPORTEDSTDREQ), ctrl->req);
          break;
        }
    }

  else if ((ctrl->type & USB_REQ_TYPE_MASK) == USB_REQ_TYPE_CLASS)
    {
      /***********************************************************************
       * CDC ACM-Specific Requests
       ***********************************************************************/

      switch (ctrl->req)
        {
        /* ACM_GET_LINE_CODING requests current DTE rate, stop-bits, parity, and
         * number-of-character bits. (Optional)
         */

        case ACM_GET_LINE_CODING:
          {
            if (ctrl->type == (USB_DIR_IN|USB_REQ_TYPE_CLASS|USB_REQ_RECIPIENT_INTERFACE) &&
            index == CDCACM_NOTIFID)
              {
                /* Return the current line status from the private data structure */

                memcpy(ctrlreq->buf, &priv->linecoding, SIZEOF_CDC_LINECODING);
                ret = SIZEOF_CDC_LINECODING;
              }
            else
              {
                usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_UNSUPPORTEDCLASSREQ), ctrl->type);
              }
          }
          break;

        /* ACM_SET_LINE_CODING configures DTE rate, stop-bits, parity, and
         * number-of-character bits. (Optional)
         */

        case ACM_SET_LINE_CODING:
          {
            if (ctrl->type == (USB_DIR_OUT|USB_REQ_TYPE_CLASS|USB_REQ_RECIPIENT_INTERFACE) &&
                len == SIZEOF_CDC_LINECODING && /* dataout && len == outlen && */
                index == CDCACM_NOTIFID)
              {
                /* Save the new line coding in the private data structure.  NOTE:
                 * that this is conditional now because not all device controller
                 * drivers supported provisioni of EP0 OUT data with the setup
                 * command.
                 */

                if (dataout && len <= SIZEOF_CDC_LINECODING) /* REVISIT */
                  {
                    memcpy(&priv->linecoding, dataout, SIZEOF_CDC_LINECODING);
                  }
                ret = 0;

                /* If there is a registered callback to receive line status info, then
                 * callout now.
                 */

                if (priv->callback)
                  {
                    priv->callback(CDCACM_EVENT_LINECODING);
                  }
              }
            else
              {
                usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_UNSUPPORTEDCLASSREQ), ctrl->type);
              }
          }
          break;

        /* ACM_SET_CTRL_LINE_STATE: RS-232 signal used to tell the DCE device the
         * DTE device is now present. (Optional)
         */

        case ACM_SET_CTRL_LINE_STATE:
          {
            if (ctrl->type == (USB_DIR_OUT|USB_REQ_TYPE_CLASS|USB_REQ_RECIPIENT_INTERFACE) &&
                index == CDCACM_NOTIFID)
              {
                /* Save the control line state in the private data structure. Only bits
                 * 0 and 1 have meaning.
                 */

                priv->ctrlline = value & 3;
                ret = 0;

                /* If there is a registered callback to receive control line status info,
                 * then callout now.
                 */

                if (priv->callback)
                  {
                    priv->callback(CDCACM_EVENT_CTRLLINE);
                  }
              }
            else
              {
                usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_UNSUPPORTEDCLASSREQ), ctrl->type);
              }
          }
          break;

        /*  Sends special carrier*/

        case ACM_SEND_BREAK:
          {
            if (ctrl->type == (USB_DIR_OUT|USB_REQ_TYPE_CLASS|USB_REQ_RECIPIENT_INTERFACE) &&
                index == CDCACM_NOTIFID)
              {
                /* If there is a registered callback to handle the SendBreak request,
                 * then callout now.
                 */

                ret = 0;
                if (priv->callback)
                  {
                    priv->callback(CDCACM_EVENT_SENDBREAK);
                  }
              }
            else
              {
                usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_UNSUPPORTEDCLASSREQ), ctrl->type);
              }
          }
          break;

        default:
          usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_UNSUPPORTEDCLASSREQ), ctrl->req);
          break;
        }
    }
  else
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_UNSUPPORTEDTYPE), ctrl->type);
    }

  /* Respond to the setup command if data was returned.  On an error return
   * value (ret < 0), the USB driver will stall.
   */

  if (ret >= 0)
    {
      /* Configure the response */

      ctrlreq->len   = MIN(len, ret);
      ctrlreq->flags = USBDEV_REQFLAGS_NULLPKT;

      /* Send the response -- either directly to the USB controller or
       * indirectly in the case where this class is a member of a composite
       * device.
       */

#ifndef CONFIG_CDCACM_COMPOSITE
      ret = EP_SUBMIT(dev->ep0, ctrlreq);
#else
      ret = composite_ep0submit(driver, dev, ctrlreq);
#endif
      if (ret < 0)
        {
          usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_EPRESPQ), (uint16_t)-ret);
          ctrlreq->result = OK;
          cdcacm_ep0incomplete(dev->ep0, ctrlreq);
        }
    }
  return ret;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcacm_disconnect
 *
 * Description:
 *   Invoked after all transfers have been stopped, when the host is
 *   disconnected.  This function is probably called from the context of an
 *   interrupt handler.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static void cdcacm_disconnect(FAR struct usbdevclass_driver_s *driver,
                              FAR struct usbdev_s *dev)
{
  FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv;
  irqstate_t flags;

  usbtrace(TRACE_CLASSDISCONNECT, 0);

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
  if (!driver || !dev || !dev->ep0)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_INVALIDARG), 0);
      return;
     }
#endif

  /* Extract reference to private data */

  priv = ((FAR struct cdcacm_driver_s*)driver)->dev;

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
  if (!priv)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_EP0NOTBOUND), 0);
      return;
    }
#endif

  /* Inform the "upper half serial driver that we have lost the USB serial
   * connection.
   */

  flags = irqsave();
#ifdef CONFIG_SERIAL_REMOVABLE
  uart_connected(&priv->serdev, false);
#endif

  /* Reset the configuration */

  cdcacm_resetconfig(priv);

  /* Clear out all outgoing data in the circular buffer */

  priv->serdev.xmit.head = 0;
  priv->serdev.xmit.tail = 0;
  irqrestore(flags);

  /* Perform the soft connect function so that we will we can be
   * re-enumerated (unless we are part of a composite device)
   */

#ifndef CONFIG_CDCACM_COMPOSITE
  DEV_CONNECT(dev);
#endif
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcacm_suspend
 *
 * Description:
 *   Handle the USB suspend event.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

#ifdef CONFIG_SERIAL_REMOVABLE
static void cdcacm_suspend(FAR struct usbdevclass_driver_s *driver,
                           FAR struct usbdev_s *dev)
{
  FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv;

  usbtrace(TRACE_CLASSSUSPEND, 0);

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
  if (!driver || !dev)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_INVALIDARG), 0);
      return;
     }
#endif

  /* Extract reference to private data */

  priv = ((FAR struct cdcacm_driver_s*)driver)->dev;

  /* And let the "upper half" driver now that we are suspended */

  uart_connected(&priv->serdev, false);
}
#endif

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcacm_resume
 *
 * Description:
 *   Handle the USB resume event.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

#ifdef CONFIG_SERIAL_REMOVABLE
static void cdcacm_resume(FAR struct usbdevclass_driver_s *driver,
                          FAR struct usbdev_s *dev)
{
  FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv;

  usbtrace(TRACE_CLASSRESUME, 0);

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
  if (!driver || !dev)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_INVALIDARG), 0);
      return;
     }
#endif

  /* Extract reference to private data */

  priv = ((FAR struct cdcacm_driver_s*)driver)->dev;

  /* Are we still configured? */

  if (priv->config != CDCACM_CONFIGIDNONE)
    {
      /* Yes.. let the "upper half" know that have resumed */

      uart_connected(&priv->serdev, true);
    }
}
#endif

/****************************************************************************
 * Serial Device Methods
 ****************************************************************************/

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcuart_setup
 *
 * Description:
 *   This method is called the first time that the serial port is opened.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static int cdcuart_setup(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev)
{
  FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv;

  usbtrace(CDCACM_CLASSAPI_SETUP, 0);

  /* Sanity check */

#if CONFIG_DEBUG
  if (!dev || !dev->priv)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_INVALIDARG), 0);
      return -EIO;
    }
#endif

  /* Extract reference to private data */

  priv = (FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s*)dev->priv;

  /* Check if we have been configured */

  if (priv->config == CDCACM_CONFIGIDNONE)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_SETUPNOTCONNECTED), 0);
      return -ENOTCONN;
    }

  return OK;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcuart_shutdown
 *
 * Description:
 *   This method is called when the serial port is closed.  This operation
 *   is very simple for the USB serial backend because the serial driver
 *   has already assured that the TX data has full drained -- it calls
 *   cdcuart_txempty() until that function returns true before calling this
 *   function.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static void cdcuart_shutdown(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev)
{
  usbtrace(CDCACM_CLASSAPI_SHUTDOWN, 0);

  /* Sanity check */

#if CONFIG_DEBUG
  if (!dev || !dev->priv)
    {
       usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_INVALIDARG), 0);
    }
#endif
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcuart_attach
 *
 * Description:
 *   Does not apply to the USB serial class device
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static int cdcuart_attach(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev)
{
  usbtrace(CDCACM_CLASSAPI_ATTACH, 0);
  return OK;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcuart_detach
 *
 * Description:
*   Does not apply to the USB serial class device
  *
 ****************************************************************************/

static void cdcuart_detach(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev)
{
  usbtrace(CDCACM_CLASSAPI_DETACH, 0);
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcuart_ioctl
 *
 * Description:
 *   All ioctl calls will be routed through this method
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static int cdcuart_ioctl(FAR struct file *filep,int cmd,unsigned long arg)
{
  struct inode        *inode  = filep->f_inode;
  struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv   = inode->i_private;
  FAR uart_dev_t      *serdev = &priv->serdev;
  int                  ret    = OK;

  switch (cmd)
    {
    /* CAICO_REGISTERCB
     *   Register a callback for serial event notification. Argument:
     *   cdcacm_callback_t.  See cdcacm_callback_t type definition below.
     *   NOTE:  The callback will most likely invoked at the interrupt level.
     *   The called back function should, therefore, limit its operations to
     *   invoking some kind of IPC to handle the serial event in some normal
     *   task environment.
     */

    case CAIOC_REGISTERCB:
      {
        /* Save the new callback function */

        priv->callback = (cdcacm_callback_t)((uintptr_t)arg);
      }
      break;

    /* CAIOC_GETLINECODING
     *   Get current line coding.  Argument: struct cdc_linecoding_s*.
     *   See include/nuttx/usb/cdc.h for structure definition.  This IOCTL
     *   should be called to get the data associated with the
     *   CDCACM_EVENT_LINECODING event).
     */

    case CAIOC_GETLINECODING:
      {
        FAR struct cdc_linecoding_s *ptr = (FAR struct cdc_linecoding_s *)((uintptr_t)arg);
        if (ptr)
          {
            memcpy(ptr, &priv->linecoding, sizeof(struct cdc_linecoding_s));
          }
        else
          {
            ret = -EINVAL;
          }
      }
      break;

    /* CAIOC_GETCTRLLINE
     *   Get control line status bits. Argument FAR int*.  See
     *   include/nuttx/usb/cdc.h for bit definitions.  This IOCTL should be
     *   called to get the data associated CDCACM_EVENT_CTRLLINE event.
     */

   case CAIOC_GETCTRLLINE:
      {
        FAR int *ptr = (FAR int *)((uintptr_t)arg);
        if (ptr)
          {
            *ptr = priv->ctrlline;
          }
        else
          {
            ret = -EINVAL;
          }
      }
      break;

    /* CAIOC_NOTIFY
     *   Send a serial state to the host via the Interrupt IN endpoint.
     *   Argument: int.  This includes the current state of the carrier detect,
     *   DSR, break, and ring signal.  See "Table 69: UART State Bitmap Values"
     *   and CDC_UART_definitions in include/nuttx/usb/cdc.h.
     */

    case CAIOC_NOTIFY:
      {
        /* Not yet implemented.  I probably won't bother to implement until
         * I comr up with a usage model that needs it.
         *
         * Here is what the needs to be done:
         *
         * 1. Format and send a request header with:
         *
         *   bmRequestType:
         *    USB_REQ_DIR_IN|USB_REQ_TYPE_CLASS|USB_REQ_RECIPIENT_INTERFACE
         *   bRequest: ACM_SERIAL_STATE
         *   wValue: 0
         *   wIndex: 0
         *   wLength: Length of data
         *
         * 2. Followed by the notification data (in a separate packet)
         */

        ret = -ENOSYS;
      }
      break;

#ifdef CONFIG_SERIAL_TERMIOS
    case TCGETS:
      {
        struct termios *termiosp = (struct termios*)arg;

        if (!termiosp)
          {
            ret = -EINVAL;
            break;
          }

        /* And update with flags from this layer */

        termiosp->c_iflag = serdev->tc_iflag;
        termiosp->c_oflag = serdev->tc_oflag;
        termiosp->c_lflag = serdev->tc_lflag;
      }
      break;

    case TCSETS:
      {
        struct termios *termiosp = (struct termios*)arg;

        if (!termiosp)
          {
            ret = -EINVAL;
            break;
          }

        /* Update the flags we keep at this layer */

        serdev->tc_iflag = termiosp->c_iflag;
        serdev->tc_oflag = termiosp->c_oflag;
        serdev->tc_lflag = termiosp->c_lflag;
      }
      break;
#endif

    case FIONREAD:
      {
        int count;
        irqstate_t state = irqsave();

        /* Determine the number of bytes available in the buffer. */

        if (serdev->recv.tail <= serdev->recv.head)
          {
            count = serdev->recv.head - serdev->recv.tail;
          }
        else
          {
            count = serdev->recv.size - (serdev->recv.tail - serdev->recv.head);
          }

        irqrestore(state);

        *(int *)arg = count;
        ret = 0;
      }
      break;

    case FIONWRITE:
      {
        int count;
        irqstate_t state = irqsave();

        /* Determine the number of bytes free in the buffer. */

        if (serdev->xmit.head < serdev->xmit.tail)
          {
            count = serdev->xmit.tail - serdev->xmit.head - 1;
          }
        else
          {
            count = serdev->xmit.size - (serdev->xmit.head - serdev->xmit.tail) - 1;
          }

        irqrestore(state);

        *(int *)arg = count;
        ret = 0;
      }
      break;

    default:
      ret = -ENOTTY;
      break;
    }

  return ret;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcuart_rxint
 *
 * Description:
 *   Called by the serial driver to enable or disable RX interrupts.  We, of
 *   course, have no RX interrupts but must behave consistently.  This method
 *   is called under the conditions:
 *
 *   1. With enable==true when the port is opened (just after cdcuart_setup
 *      and cdcuart_attach are called called)
 *   2. With enable==false while transferring data from the RX buffer
 *   2. With enable==true while waiting for more incoming data
 *   3. With enable==false when the port is closed (just before cdcuart_detach
 *      and cdcuart_shutdown are called).
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static void cdcuart_rxint(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev, bool enable)
{
  FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv;
  FAR uart_dev_t *serdev;
  irqstate_t flags;

  usbtrace(CDCACM_CLASSAPI_RXINT, (uint16_t)enable);

  /* Sanity check */

#if CONFIG_DEBUG
  if (!dev || !dev->priv)
    {
       usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_INVALIDARG), 0);
       return;
    }
#endif

  /* Extract reference to private data */

  priv   = (FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s*)dev->priv;
  serdev = &priv->serdev;

  /* We need exclusive access to the RX buffer and private structure
   * in the following.
   */

  flags = irqsave();
  if (enable)
    {
       /* RX "interrupts" are enabled.  Is this a transition from disabled
        * to enabled state?
        */

       if (!priv->rxenabled)
         {
           /* Yes.  During the time that RX interrupts are disabled, the
            * the serial driver will be extracting data from the circular
            * buffer and modifying recv.tail.  During this time, we
            * should avoid modifying recv.head; When interrupts are restored,
            * we can update the head pointer for all of the data that we
            * put into cicular buffer while "interrupts" were disabled.
            */

          if (priv->rxhead != serdev->recv.head)
            {
              serdev->recv.head = priv->rxhead;

              /* Yes... signal the availability of new data */

              uart_datareceived(serdev);
            }

          /* RX "interrupts are no longer disabled */

          priv->rxenabled = true;
        }
    }

  /* RX "interrupts" are disabled.  Is this a transition from enabled
   * to disabled state?
   */

  else if (priv->rxenabled)
    {
      /* Yes.  During the time that RX interrupts are disabled, the
       * the serial driver will be extracting data from the circular
       * buffer and modifying recv.tail.  During this time, we
       * should avoid modifying recv.head; When interrupts are disabled,
       * we use a shadow index and continue adding data to the circular
       * buffer.
       */

      priv->rxhead    = serdev->recv.head;
      priv->rxenabled = false;
    }
  irqrestore(flags);
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcuart_txint
 *
 * Description:
 *   Called by the serial driver to enable or disable TX interrupts.  We, of
 *   course, have no TX interrupts but must behave consistently.  Initially,
 *   TX interrupts are disabled.  This method is called under the conditions:
 *
 *   1. With enable==false while transferring data into the TX buffer
 *   2. With enable==true when data may be taken from the buffer.
 *   3. With enable==false when the TX buffer is empty
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static void cdcuart_txint(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev, bool enable)
{
  FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv;

  usbtrace(CDCACM_CLASSAPI_TXINT, (uint16_t)enable);

  /* Sanity checks */

#if CONFIG_DEBUG
  if (!dev || !dev->priv)
    {
       usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_INVALIDARG), 0);
       return;
    }
#endif

 /* Extract references to private data */

  priv = (FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s*)dev->priv;

  /* If the new state is enabled and if there is data in the XMIT buffer,
   * send the next packet now.
   */

  uvdbg("enable=%d head=%d tail=%d\n",
        enable, priv->serdev.xmit.head, priv->serdev.xmit.tail);

  if (enable && priv->serdev.xmit.head != priv->serdev.xmit.tail)
    {
      cdcacm_sndpacket(priv);
    }
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcuart_txempty
 *
 * Description:
 *   Return true when all data has been sent.  This is called from the
 *   serial driver when the driver is closed.  It will call this API
 *   periodically until it reports true.  NOTE that the serial driver takes all
 *   responsibility for flushing TX data through the hardware so we can be
 *   a bit sloppy about that.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static bool cdcuart_txempty(FAR struct uart_dev_s *dev)
{
  FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv = (FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s*)dev->priv;

  usbtrace(CDCACM_CLASSAPI_TXEMPTY, 0);

#if CONFIG_DEBUG
  if (!priv)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_INVALIDARG), 0);
      return true;
    }
#endif

  /* When all of the allocated write requests have been returned to the
   * reqlist, then there is no longer any TX data in flight.
   */

  return priv->nwrq >= CONFIG_CDCACM_NWRREQS;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Public Functions
 ****************************************************************************/

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcacm_classobject
 *
 * Description:
 *   Register USB serial port (and USB serial console if so configured) and
 *   return the class object.
 *
 * Input Parameter:
 *   minor - Device minor number.  E.g., minor 0 would correspond to
 *     /dev/ttyACM0.
 *   classdev - The location to return the CDC serial class' device
 *     instance.
 *
 * Returned Value:
 *   A pointer to the allocated class object (NULL on failure).
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

#ifndef CONFIG_CDCACM_COMPOSITE
static
#endif
int cdcacm_classobject(int minor, FAR struct usbdevclass_driver_s **classdev)
{
  FAR struct cdcacm_alloc_s *alloc;
  FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s *priv;
  FAR struct cdcacm_driver_s *drvr;
  char devname[CDCACM_DEVNAME_SIZE];
  int ret;

  /* Allocate the structures needed */

  alloc = (FAR struct cdcacm_alloc_s*)kmalloc(sizeof(struct cdcacm_alloc_s));
  if (!alloc)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_ALLOCDEVSTRUCT), 0);
      return -ENOMEM;
    }

  /* Convenience pointers into the allocated blob */

  priv = &alloc->dev;
  drvr = &alloc->drvr;

  /* Initialize the USB serial driver structure */

  memset(priv, 0, sizeof(struct cdcacm_dev_s));
  sq_init(&priv->reqlist);

  priv->minor              = minor;

  /* Fake line status */

  priv->linecoding.baud[0] = (115200) & 0xff;       /* Baud=115200 */
  priv->linecoding.baud[1] = (115200 >> 8) & 0xff;
  priv->linecoding.baud[2] = (115200 >> 16) & 0xff;
  priv->linecoding.baud[3] = (115200 >> 24) & 0xff;
  priv->linecoding.stop    = CDC_CHFMT_STOP1;       /* One stop bit */
  priv->linecoding.parity  = CDC_PARITY_NONE;       /* No parity */
  priv->linecoding.nbits   = 8;                     /* 8 data bits */

  /* Initialize the serial driver sub-structure */

      /* The initial state is disconnected */

#ifdef CONFIG_SERIAL_REMOVABLE
  priv->serdev.disconnected = true;
#endif
  priv->serdev.recv.size    = CONFIG_CDCACM_RXBUFSIZE;
  priv->serdev.recv.buffer  = priv->rxbuffer;
  priv->serdev.xmit.size    = CONFIG_CDCACM_TXBUFSIZE;
  priv->serdev.xmit.buffer  = priv->txbuffer;
  priv->serdev.ops          = &g_uartops;
  priv->serdev.priv         = priv;

  /* Initialize the USB class driver structure */

#ifdef CONFIG_USBDEV_DUALSPEED
  drvr->drvr.speed         = USB_SPEED_HIGH;
#else
  drvr->drvr.speed         = USB_SPEED_FULL;
#endif
  drvr->drvr.ops           = &g_driverops;
  drvr->dev                = priv;

  /* Register the USB serial console */

#ifdef CONFIG_CDCACM_CONSOLE
  priv->serdev.isconsole = true;
  ret = uart_register("/dev/console", &priv->serdev);
  if (ret < 0)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_CONSOLEREGISTER), (uint16_t)-ret);
      goto errout_with_class;
    }
#endif

  /* Register the CDC/ACM TTY device */

  sprintf(devname, CDCACM_DEVNAME_FORMAT, minor);
  ret = uart_register(devname, &priv->serdev);
  if (ret < 0)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_UARTREGISTER), (uint16_t)-ret);
      goto errout_with_class;
    }

  *classdev = &drvr->drvr;
  return OK;

errout_with_class:
  kfree(alloc);
  return ret;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcacm_initialize
 *
 * Description:
 *   Register USB serial port (and USB serial console if so configured).
 *
 * Input Parameter:
 *   minor - Device minor number.  E.g., minor 0 would correspond to
 *     /dev/ttyACM0.
 *   handle - An optional opaque reference to the CDC/ACM class object that
 *     may subsequently be used with cdcacm_uninitialize().
 *
 * Returned Value:
 *   Zero (OK) means that the driver was successfully registered.  On any
 *   failure, a negated errno value is retured.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

#ifndef CONFIG_CDCACM_COMPOSITE
int cdcacm_initialize(int minor, FAR void **handle)
{
  FAR struct usbdevclass_driver_s *drvr = NULL;
  int ret;

  /* Get an instance of the serial driver class object */

  ret = cdcacm_classobject(minor, &drvr);
  if (ret == OK)
    {
      /* Register the USB serial class driver */

      ret = usbdev_register(drvr);
      if (ret < 0)
        {
          usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_DEVREGISTER), (uint16_t)-ret);
        }
    }

  /* Return the driver instance (if any) if the caller has requested it
   * by provided a pointer to the location to return it.
   */

  if (handle)
    {
      *handle = (FAR void*)drvr;
    }

  return ret;
}
#endif

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: cdcacm_uninitialize
 *
 * Description:
 *   Un-initialize the USB storage class driver.  This function is used
 *   internally by the USB composite driver to unitialize the CDC/ACM
 *   driver.  This same interface is available (with an untyped input
 *   parameter) when the CDC/ACM driver is used standalone.
 *
 * Input Parameters:
 *   There is one parameter, it differs in typing depending upon whether the
 *   CDC/ACM driver is an internal part of a composite device, or a standalone
 *   USB driver:
 *
 *     classdev - The class object returned by board_cdcclassobject() or
 *       cdcacm_classobject()
 *     handle - The opaque handle represetning the class object returned by
 *       a previous call to cdcacm_initialize().
 *
 * Returned Value:
 *   None
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

#ifdef CONFIG_CDCACM_COMPOSITE
void cdcacm_uninitialize(FAR struct usbdevclass_driver_s *classdev)
#else
void cdcacm_uninitialize(FAR void *handle)
#endif
{
#ifdef CONFIG_CDCACM_COMPOSITE
  FAR struct cdcacm_driver_s *drvr = (FAR struct cdcacm_driver_s *)classdev;
#else
  FAR struct cdcacm_driver_s *drvr = (FAR struct cdcacm_driver_s *)handle;
#endif
  FAR struct cdcacm_dev_s    *priv = drvr->dev;
  char devname[CDCACM_DEVNAME_SIZE];
  int ret;

#ifdef CONFIG_CDCACM_COMPOSITE
  /* Check for pass 2 uninitialization.  We did most of the work on the
   * first pass uninitialization.
   */

  if (priv->minor == (uint8_t)-1)
    {
      /* In this second and final pass, all that remains to be done is to
       * free the memory resources.
       */

      kfree(priv);
      return;
    }
#endif

  /* Un-register the CDC/ACM TTY device */

  sprintf(devname, CDCACM_DEVNAME_FORMAT, priv->minor);
  ret = unregister_driver(devname);
  if (ret < 0)
    {
      usbtrace(TRACE_CLSERROR(USBSER_TRACEERR_UARTUNREGISTER), (uint16_t)-ret);
    }

  /* Unregister the driver (unless we are a part of a composite device).  The
   * device unregister logic will (1) return all of the requests to us then
   * (2) all the unbind method.
   *
   * The same thing will happen in the composite case except that: (1) the
   * composite driver will call usbdev_unregister() which will (2) return the
   * requests for all members of the composite, and (3) call the unbind
   * method in the composite device which will (4) call the unbind method
   * for this device.
   */

#ifndef CONFIG_CDCACM_COMPOSITE
  usbdev_unregister(&drvr->drvr);

  /* And free the driver structure */

  kfree(priv);

#else
  /* For the case of the composite driver, there is a two pass
   * uninitialization sequence.  We cannot yet free the driver structure.
   * We will do that on the second pass.  We mark the fact that we have
   * already unitialized by setting the minor number to -1.  If/when we
   * are called again, then we will free the memory resources.
   */

  priv->minor = (uint8_t)-1;
#endif
}