diff --git a/configs/sam4s-xplained-pro/include/board.h b/configs/sam4s-xplained-pro/include/board.h
index a4e008b5db..a28238e8d7 100644
--- a/configs/sam4s-xplained-pro/include/board.h
+++ b/configs/sam4s-xplained-pro/include/board.h
@@ -222,12 +222,12 @@
 #define LED_STARTED          0 /* NuttX has been started    OFF             */
 #define LED_HEAPALLOCATE     0 /* Heap has been allocated   OFF             */
 #define LED_IRQSENABLED      0 /* Interrupts enabled        OFF             */
-#define LED_STACKCREATED     0 /* Idle stack created        ON              */
-#define LED_INIRQ            0 /* In an interrupt           No change       */
-#define LED_SIGNAL           0 /* In a signal handler       No change       */
-#define LED_ASSERTION        0 /* An assertion failed       No change       */
-#define LED_PANIC            0 /* The system has crashed    OFF             */
-#define LED_IDLE             0 /* MCU is is sleep mode      Not used        */
+#define LED_STACKCREATED     1 /* Idle stack created        ON              */
+#define LED_INIRQ            2 /* In an interrupt           OFF             */
+#define LED_SIGNAL           2 /* In a signal handler       OFF             */
+#define LED_ASSERTION        4 /* An assertion failed       No change       */
+#define LED_PANIC            3 /* The system has crashed    Flash @ 250ms   */
+#define LED_IDLE             4 /* MCU is is sleep mode      Not used        */
 
 /* Thus if D301 is statically on, NuttX has successfully booted and is,
  * apparently, running normmally.
diff --git a/configs/sam4s-xplained-pro/src/sam_autoleds.c b/configs/sam4s-xplained-pro/src/sam_autoleds.c
index a06be9ab4c..4921a53014 100644
--- a/configs/sam4s-xplained-pro/src/sam_autoleds.c
+++ b/configs/sam4s-xplained-pro/src/sam_autoleds.c
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@
  *   LED_STARTED          NuttX has been started     OFF
  *   LED_HEAPALLOCATE     Heap has been allocated    OFF
  *   LED_IRQSENABLED      Interrupts enabled         OFF
- *   LED_STACKCREATED     Idle stack created         ON 
+ *   LED_STACKCREATED     Idle stack created         ON
  *   LED_INIRQ            In an interrupt            No change
  *   LED_SIGNAL           In a signal handler        No change
  *   LED_ASSERTION        An assertion failed        No change
@@ -73,6 +73,9 @@
  *   LED_IDLE             MCU is is sleep mode       Not used
  */
 
+#define LED_OFF true /* GPIO high for OFF */
+#define LED_ON false /* GPIO low for ON */
+
 /* CONFIG_DEBUG_LEDS enables debug output from this file (needs CONFIG_DEBUG
  * with CONFIG_DEBUG_VERBOSE too)
  */
@@ -114,26 +117,28 @@ void board_led_initialize(void)
 
 void board_led_on(int led)
 {
-  bool led1on = false;
-
   switch (led)
     {
-      case 0:  /* LED_STARTED, LED_HEAPALLOCATE, LED_IRQSENABLED */
+      case 0:  /* LED_STARTED, LED_HEAPALLOCATE, LED_IRQSENABLED - off while initializing */
+        sam_gpiowrite(GPIO_D301, LED_OFF);
         break;
 
-      case 1:  /* LED_STACKCREATED */
-        led1on = true;
+      case 1:  /* LED_STACKCREATED - turn on when ready */
+        sam_gpiowrite(GPIO_D301, LED_ON);
+        break;
+
+      case 2:  /* LED_INIRQ, LED_SIGNAL - turn off inside irqs/signal processing */
+        sam_gpiowrite(GPIO_D301, LED_OFF);
+        return;
+
+      case 3:  /* LED_PANIC - flash */
+        sam_gpiowrite(GPIO_D301, LED_ON);
         break;
 
       default:
-      case 2:  /* LED_INIRQ, LED_SIGNAL, LED_ASSERTION */
-        return;
-
-      case 3:  /* LED_PANIC */
         break;
     }
 
-  sam_gpiowrite(GPIO_D301, led1on);
 }
 
 /****************************************************************************
@@ -142,10 +147,19 @@ void board_led_on(int led)
 
 void board_led_off(int led)
 {
-  if (led != 2)
-    {
-      sam_gpiowrite(GPIO_D301, false);
-    }
+  switch (led)
+  {
+      default:
+        break;
+
+      case 2:  /* LED_INIRQ, LED_SIGNAL - return to on after irq/signal processing */
+        sam_gpiowrite(GPIO_D301, LED_ON);
+        return;
+
+      case 3:  /* LED_PANIC - flashes */
+        sam_gpiowrite(GPIO_D301, LED_OFF);
+        break;
+  }
 }
 
 #endif /* CONFIG_ARCH_LEDS */
diff --git a/configs/sam4s-xplained-pro/src/sam_userleds.c b/configs/sam4s-xplained-pro/src/sam_userleds.c
index a0c8a092ff..ead93669f6 100644
--- a/configs/sam4s-xplained-pro/src/sam_userleds.c
+++ b/configs/sam4s-xplained-pro/src/sam_userleds.c
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ void sam_setled(int led, bool ledon)
       return;
     }
 
-  sam_gpiowrite(ledcfg, ledon);
+  sam_gpiowrite(ledcfg, !ledon); /* 0 = on, 1 = off */
 }
 
 /****************************************************************************
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ void sam_setleds(uint8_t ledset)
   bool ledon;
 
   ledon = ((ledset & BOARD_D301_BIT) != 0);
-  sam_gpiowrite(GPIO_D301, ledon);
+  sam_gpiowrite(GPIO_D301, !ledon); /* 0 = on, 1 = off */
 }
 
 #endif /* !CONFIG_ARCH_LEDS */