/**************************************************************************** * libs/libc/machine/arm/armv7-m/arch_elf.c * * Copyright (C) 2012, 2014, 2017 Gregory Nutt. All rights reserved. * Author: Gregory Nutt * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the * distribution. * 3. Neither the name NuttX nor the names of its contributors may be * used to endorse or promote products derived from this software * without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN * ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. * ****************************************************************************/ /**************************************************************************** * Included Files ****************************************************************************/ #include #include #include #include #include #include /**************************************************************************** * Public Functions ****************************************************************************/ /**************************************************************************** * Name: up_checkarch * * Description: * Given the ELF header in 'hdr', verify that the ELF file is appropriate * for the current, configured architecture. Every architecture that uses * the ELF loader must provide this function. * * Input Parameters: * hdr - The ELF header read from the ELF file. * * Returned Value: * True if the architecture supports this ELF file. * ****************************************************************************/ bool up_checkarch(FAR const Elf32_Ehdr *ehdr) { /* Make sure it's an ARM executable */ if (ehdr->e_machine != EM_ARM) { berr("ERROR: Not for ARM: e_machine=%04x\n", ehdr->e_machine); return false; } /* Make sure that 32-bit objects are supported */ if (ehdr->e_ident[EI_CLASS] != ELFCLASS32) { berr("ERROR: Need 32-bit objects: e_ident[EI_CLASS]=%02x\n", ehdr->e_ident[EI_CLASS]); return false; } /* Verify endian-ness */ #ifdef CONFIG_ENDIAN_BIG if (ehdr->e_ident[EI_DATA] != ELFDATA2MSB) #else if (ehdr->e_ident[EI_DATA] != ELFDATA2LSB) #endif { berr("ERROR: Wrong endian-ness: e_ident[EI_DATA]=%02x\n", ehdr->e_ident[EI_DATA]); return false; } /* TODO: Check ABI here. */ return true; } /**************************************************************************** * Name: up_relocate and up_relocateadd * * Description: * Perform on architecture-specific ELF relocation. Every architecture * that uses the ELF loader must provide this function. * * Input Parameters: * rel - The relocation type * sym - The ELF symbol structure containing the fully resolved value. * There are a few relocation types for a few architectures that do * not require symbol information. For those, this value will be * NULL. Implementations of these functions must be able to handle * that case. * addr - The address that requires the relocation. * * Returned Value: * Zero (OK) if the relocation was successful. Otherwise, a negated errno * value indicating the cause of the relocation failure. * ****************************************************************************/ int up_relocate(FAR const Elf32_Rel *rel, FAR const Elf32_Sym *sym, uintptr_t addr) { int32_t offset; uint32_t upper_insn; uint32_t lower_insn; unsigned int relotype; /* All relocations except R_ARM_V4BX depend upon having valid symbol * information. */ relotype = ELF32_R_TYPE(rel->r_info); if (sym == NULL && relotype != R_ARM_NONE && relotype != R_ARM_V4BX) { return -EINVAL; } /* Handle the relocation by relocation type */ switch (relotype) { case R_ARM_NONE: { /* No relocation */ } break; case R_ARM_PC24: case R_ARM_CALL: case R_ARM_JUMP24: { binfo("Performing PC24 [%d] link at " "addr %08lx [%08lx] to sym '%p' st_value=%08lx\n", ELF32_R_TYPE(rel->r_info), (long)addr, (long)(*(uint32_t *)addr), sym, (long)sym->st_value); offset = (*(uint32_t *)addr & 0x00ffffff) << 2; if (offset & 0x02000000) { offset -= 0x04000000; } offset += sym->st_value - addr; if (offset & 3 || offset < (int32_t) 0xfe000000 || offset >= (int32_t) 0x02000000) { berr("ERROR: ERROR: PC24 [%d] " "relocation out of range, offset=%08lx\n", ELF32_R_TYPE(rel->r_info), offset); return -EINVAL; } offset >>= 2; *(uint32_t *)addr &= 0xff000000; *(uint32_t *)addr |= offset & 0x00ffffff; } break; case R_ARM_ABS32: case R_ARM_TARGET1: /* New ABI: TARGET1 always treated as ABS32 */ { binfo("Performing ABS32 link " "at addr=%08lx [%08lx] to sym=%p st_value=%08lx\n", (long)addr, (long)(*(uint32_t *)addr), sym, (long)sym->st_value); *(uint32_t *)addr += sym->st_value; } break; #ifdef CONFIG_ARMV7M_TARGET2_PREL case R_ARM_TARGET2: /* TARGET2 is a platform-specific relocation: gcc-arm-none-eabi * performs a self relocation */ { binfo("Performing TARGET2 link " "at addr=%08lx [%08lx] to sym=%p st_value=%08lx\n", (long)addr, (long)(*(uint32_t *)addr), sym, (long)sym->st_value); *(uint32_t *)addr += sym->st_value - addr; } break; #endif case R_ARM_THM_CALL: case R_ARM_THM_JUMP24: { uint32_t S; uint32_t J1; uint32_t J2; /* Thumb BL and B.W instructions. Encoding: * * upper_insn: * * 1 1 1 1 1 1 * 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 * +----------+---+-------------------------------+--------------+ * |1 1 1 |OP1| OP2 | | 32-Bit Instructions * +----------+---+--+-----+----------------------+--------------+ * |1 1 1 | 1 0| S | imm10 | BL Instruction * +----------+------+-----+-------------------------------------+ * * lower_insn: * * 1 1 1 1 1 1 * 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 * +---+---------------------------------------------------------+ * |OP | | 32-Bit Instructions * +---+--+---+---+---+------------------------------------------+ * |1 1 |J1 | 1 |J2 | imm11 | BL Instruction * +------+---+---+---+------------------------------------------+ * * The branch target is encoded in these bits: * * S = upper_insn[10] * imm10 = upper_insn[0:9] * imm11 = lower_insn[0:10] * J1 = lower_insn[13] * J2 = lower_insn[11] */ upper_insn = (uint32_t)(*(uint16_t *)addr); lower_insn = (uint32_t)(*(uint16_t *)(addr + 2)); binfo("Performing THM_JUMP24 [%d] link " "at addr=%08lx [%04x %04x] to sym=%p st_value=%08lx\n", ELF32_R_TYPE(rel->r_info), (long)addr, (int)upper_insn, (int)lower_insn, sym, (long)sym->st_value); /* Extract the 25-bit offset from the 32-bit instruction: * * offset[24] = S * offset[23] = ~(J1 ^ S) * offset[22] = ~(J2 ^ S)] * offset[12:21] = imm10 * offset[1:11] = imm11 * offset[0] = 0 */ S = (upper_insn >> 10) & 1; J1 = (lower_insn >> 13) & 1; J2 = (lower_insn >> 11) & 1; offset = (S << 24) | /* S - > offset[24] */ ((~(J1 ^ S) & 1) << 23) | /* J1 -> offset[23] */ ((~(J2 ^ S) & 1) << 22) | /* J2 -> offset[22] */ ((upper_insn & 0x03ff) << 12) | /* imm10 -> offset[12:21] */ ((lower_insn & 0x07ff) << 1); /* imm11 -> offset[1:11] */ /* 0 -> offset[0] */ /* Sign extend */ if (offset & 0x01000000) { offset -= 0x02000000; } /* And perform the relocation */ binfo(" S=%d J1=%d J2=%d offset=%08lx branch target=%08lx\n", S, J1, J2, (long)offset, offset + sym->st_value - addr); offset += sym->st_value - addr; /* Is this a function symbol? If so, then the branch target must be * an odd Thumb address */ if (ELF32_ST_TYPE(sym->st_info) == STT_FUNC && (offset & 1) == 0) { berr("ERROR: ERROR: JUMP24 [%d] " "requires odd offset, offset=%08lx\n", ELF32_R_TYPE(rel->r_info), offset); return -EINVAL; } /* Check the range of the offset */ if (offset < (int32_t)0xff000000 || offset >= (int32_t)0x01000000) { berr("ERROR: ERROR: JUMP24 [%d] " "relocation out of range, branch target=%08lx\n", ELF32_R_TYPE(rel->r_info), offset); return -EINVAL; } /* Now, reconstruct the 32-bit instruction using the new, relocated * branch target. */ S = (offset >> 24) & 1; J1 = S ^ (~(offset >> 23) & 1); J2 = S ^ (~(offset >> 22) & 1); upper_insn = ((upper_insn & 0xf800) | (S << 10) | ((offset >> 12) & 0x03ff)); *(uint16_t *)addr = (uint16_t)upper_insn; lower_insn = ((lower_insn & 0xd000) | (J1 << 13) | (J2 << 11) | ((offset >> 1) & 0x07ff)); *(uint16_t *)(addr + 2) = (uint16_t)lower_insn; binfo(" S=%d J1=%d J2=%d insn [%04x %04x]\n", S, J1, J2, (int)upper_insn, (int)lower_insn); } break; case R_ARM_V4BX: { binfo("Performing V4BX link at addr=%08lx [%08lx]\n", (long)addr, (long)(*(uint32_t *)addr)); /* Preserve only Rm and the condition code */ *(uint32_t *)addr &= 0xf000000f; /* Change instruction to 'mov pc, Rm' */ *(uint32_t *)addr |= 0x01a0f000; } break; case R_ARM_PREL31: { binfo("Performing PREL31 link " "at addr=%08lx [%08lx] to sym=%p st_value=%08lx\n", (long)addr, (long)(*(uint32_t *)addr), sym, (long)sym->st_value); offset = *(uint32_t *)addr + sym->st_value - addr; *(uint32_t *)addr = offset & 0x7fffffff; } break; case R_ARM_MOVW_ABS_NC: case R_ARM_MOVT_ABS: { binfo("Performing MOVx_ABS [%d] link " "at addr=%08lx [%08lx] to sym=%p st_value=%08lx\n", ELF32_R_TYPE(rel->r_info), (long)addr, (long)(*(uint32_t *)addr), sym, (long)sym->st_value); offset = *(uint32_t *)addr; offset = ((offset & 0xf0000) >> 4) | (offset & 0xfff); offset += sym->st_value; if (ELF32_R_TYPE(rel->r_info) == R_ARM_MOVT_ABS) { offset >>= 16; } *(uint32_t *)addr &= 0xfff0f000; *(uint32_t *)addr |= ((offset & 0xf000) << 4) | (offset & 0x0fff); } break; case R_ARM_THM_MOVW_ABS_NC: case R_ARM_THM_MOVT_ABS: { /* Thumb BL and B.W instructions. Encoding: * * upper_insn: * * 1 1 1 1 1 1 * 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 * +----------+---+-------------------------------+--------------+ * |1 1 1 |OP1| OP2 | | 32-Bit Instructions * +----------+---+--+-----+----------------------+--------------+ * |1 1 1 | 1 0| i | 1 0 1 1 0 0 | imm4 | MOVT Instruction * +----------+------+-----+----------------------+--------------+ * * lower_insn: * * 1 1 1 1 1 1 * 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 * +---+---------------------------------------------------------+ * |OP | | 32-Bit Instructions * +---+----------+--------------+-------------------------------+ * |0 | imm3 | Rd | imm8 | MOVT Instruction * +---+----------+--------------+-------------------------------+ * * The 16-bit immediate value is encoded in these bits: * * i = imm16[11] = upper_insn[10] * imm4 = imm16[12:15] = upper_insn[3:0] * imm3 = imm16[8:10] = lower_insn[14:12] * imm8 = imm16[0:7] = lower_insn[7:0] */ upper_insn = (uint32_t)(*(uint16_t *)addr); lower_insn = (uint32_t)(*(uint16_t *)(addr + 2)); binfo("Performing THM_MOVx [%d] link " "at addr=%08lx [%04x %04x] to sym=%p st_value=%08lx\n", ELF32_R_TYPE(rel->r_info), (long)addr, (int)upper_insn, (int)lower_insn, sym, (long)sym->st_value); /* Extract the 16-bit offset from the 32-bit instruction */ offset = ((upper_insn & 0x000f) << 12) | /* imm4 -> imm16[8:10] */ ((upper_insn & 0x0400) << 1) | /* i -> imm16[11] */ ((lower_insn & 0x7000) >> 4) | /* imm3 -> imm16[8:10] */ (lower_insn & 0x00ff); /* imm8 -> imm16[0:7] */ /* And perform the relocation */ binfo(" offset=%08lx branch target=%08lx\n", (long)offset, offset + sym->st_value); offset += sym->st_value; /* Update the immediate value in the instruction. * For MOVW we want the bottom 16-bits; for MOVT we want * the top 16-bits. */ if (ELF32_R_TYPE(rel->r_info) == R_ARM_THM_MOVT_ABS) { offset >>= 16; } upper_insn = ((upper_insn & 0xfbf0) | ((offset & 0xf000) >> 12) | ((offset & 0x0800) >> 1)); *(uint16_t *)addr = (uint16_t)upper_insn; lower_insn = ((lower_insn & 0x8f00) | ((offset & 0x0700) << 4) | (offset & 0x00ff)); *(uint16_t *)(addr + 2) = (uint16_t)lower_insn; binfo(" insn [%04x %04x]\n", (int)upper_insn, (int)lower_insn); } break; case R_ARM_THM_JUMP11: { offset = (uint32_t)(*(uint16_t *)addr & 0x7ff) << 1; if (offset & 0x0800) { offset -= 0x1000; } offset += sym->st_value - addr; if (ELF32_ST_TYPE(sym->st_info) == STT_FUNC && (offset & 1) == 0) { berr("ERROR: JUMP11 [%d] requires odd offset, offset=%08lx\n", ELF32_R_TYPE(rel->r_info), offset); return -EINVAL; } /* Check the range of the offset */ if (offset < (int32_t)0xfffff800 || offset >= (int32_t)0x0800) { berr("ERROR: JUMP11 [%d] " "relocation out of range, branch taget=%08lx\n", ELF32_R_TYPE(rel->r_info), offset); return -EINVAL; } offset >>= 1; *(uint16_t *)addr &= 0xf800; *(uint16_t *)addr |= offset & 0x7ff; } break; default: berr("ERROR: Unsupported relocation: %d\n", ELF32_R_TYPE(rel->r_info)); return -EINVAL; } return OK; } int up_relocateadd(FAR const Elf32_Rela *rel, FAR const Elf32_Sym *sym, uintptr_t addr) { berr("ERROR: RELA relocation not supported\n"); return -ENOSYS; }