/**************************************************************************** * sched/paging/pg_worker.c * Page fill worker thread implementation. * * Copyright (C) 2010-2011 Gregory Nutt. All rights reserved. * Author: Gregory Nutt * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the * distribution. * 3. Neither the name NuttX nor the names of its contributors may be * used to endorse or promote products derived from this software * without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE * COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, * INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, * BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS * OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED * AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN * ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. * ****************************************************************************/ /**************************************************************************** * Included Files ****************************************************************************/ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "sched/sched.h" #include "paging/paging.h" #ifdef CONFIG_PAGING /**************************************************************************** * Pre-processor Definitions ****************************************************************************/ /* Configuration ************************************************************/ #ifdef CONFIG_DISABLE_SIGNALS # warning "Signals needed by this function (CONFIG_DISABLE_SIGNALS=n)" #endif /**************************************************************************** * Public Data ****************************************************************************/ /* This is the task ID of the page fill worker thread. This value was set in * os_start when the page fill worker thread was started. */ pid_t g_pgworker; /* The page fill worker thread maintains a static variable called g_pftcb. * If no fill is in progress, g_pftcb will be NULL. Otherwise, g_pftcb will * point to the TCB of the task which is receiving the fill that is in progess. * * NOTE: I think that this is the only state in which a TCB does not reside * in some list. Here is it in limbo, outside of the normally queuing while * the page file is in progress. Where here, it will be marked with * TSTATE_TASK_INVALID. */ FAR struct tcb_s *g_pftcb; /**************************************************************************** * Private Variables ****************************************************************************/ #ifndef CONFIG_PAGING_BLOCKINGFILL /* When a page fill completes, the result of the fill is stored here. The * value -EBUSY means that the page fill callback has not yet been received. */ static int g_fillresult; /* A configurable timeout period (in clock ticks) may be select to detect * page fill failures. */ #ifdef CONFIG_PAGING_TIMEOUT_TICKS static systime_t g_starttime; #endif #endif /**************************************************************************** * Private Functions ****************************************************************************/ /**************************************************************************** * Name: pg_callback * * Description: * This function is called from the architecture-specific, page fill logic * when the page fill completes (with or without an error). A reference to * this function was provided to up_fillpage(). The driver will provide * the result of the fill as an argument. * * NOTE: pg_callback() must also be locked in memory. * * When pg_callback() is called, it will perform the following operations: * * - Verify that g_pftcb is non-NULL. * - Find the higher priority between the task waiting for the fill to * complete in g_pftcb and the task waiting at the head of the * g_waitingforfill list. That will be the priority of he highest priority * task waiting for a fill. * - If this higher priority is higher than current page fill worker thread, * then boost worker thread's priority to that level. Thus, the page fill * worker thread will always run at the priority of the highest priority * task that is waiting for a fill. * - Signal the page fill worker thread. * * Input parameters: * tcb - The TCB of the task that just received the fill. * result - The result of the page fill operation. * * Returned Value: * None * * Assumptions: * Possibly executing in the context of a driver interrupt handler??? * ****************************************************************************/ #ifndef CONFIG_PAGING_BLOCKINGFILL static void pg_callback(FAR struct tcb_s *tcb, int result) { /* Verify that g_pftcb is non-NULL */ pgllvdbg("g_pftcb: %p\n", g_pftcb); if (g_pftcb) { FAR struct tcb_s *htcb = (FAR struct tcb_s *)g_waitingforfill.head; FAR struct tcb_s *wtcb = sched_gettcb(g_pgworker); /* Find the higher priority between the task waiting for the fill to * complete in g_pftcb and the task waiting at the head of the * g_waitingforfill list. That will be the priority of he highest * priority task waiting for a fill. */ int priority = g_pftcb->sched_priority; if (htcb && priority < htcb->sched_priority) { priority = htcb->sched_priority; } /* If this higher priority is higher than current page fill worker * thread, then boost worker thread's priority to that level. Thus, * the page fill worker thread will always run at the priority of * the highest priority task that is waiting for a fill. */ if (priority > wtcb->sched_priority) { pgllvdbg("New worker priority. %d->%d\n", wtcb->sched_priority, priority); sched_setpriority(wtcb, priority); } /* Save the page fill result (don't permit the value -EBUSY) */ if (result == -EBUSY) { result = -ENOSYS; } g_fillresult = result; } /* Signal the page fill worker thread (in any event) */ pglldbg("Signaling worker. PID: %d\n", g_pgworker); kill(g_pgworker, SIGWORK); } #endif /**************************************************************************** * Name: pg_dequeue * * Description: * Dequeue the next, highest priority TCB from the g_waitingforfill task * list. Call up_checkmapping() see if the still needs to be performed * for that task. In certain conditions, the page fault may occur on * several threads for the same page and be queued multiple times. In this * corner case, the blocked task will simply be restarted. * * This function will continue to examine g_waitingforfill until either * (1) a task is found that still needs the page fill, or (2) the * g_waitingforfill task list becomes empty. * * The result (NULL or a TCB pointer) will be returned in the global * variable, g_pftcb. * * Input parameters: * None * * Returned Value: * If there are no further queue page fill operations to be performed, * pg_dequeue() will return false. Otherwise, it will return * true to that the full is in process (any errors will result in * assertions and this function will not return). * * Assumptions: * Executing in the context of the page fill worker thread with all * interrupts disabled. * ****************************************************************************/ static inline bool pg_dequeue(void) { /* Loop until either (1) the TCB of a task that requires a fill is found, OR * (2) the g_watingforfill list becomes empty. */ do { /* Remove the TCB from the head of the list (if any) */ g_pftcb = (FAR struct tcb_s *)dq_remfirst((dq_queue_t *)&g_waitingforfill); pgllvdbg("g_pftcb: %p\n", g_pftcb); if (g_pftcb != NULL) { /* Call the architecture-specific function up_checkmapping() to see if * the page fill still needs to be performed. In certain conditions, * the page fault may occur on several threads for the same page and * be queues multiple times. In this corner case, the blocked task will * simply be restarted. */ if (!up_checkmapping(g_pftcb)) { /* This page needs to be filled. pg_miss bumps up * the priority of the page fill worker thread as each * TCB is added to the g_waitingforfill list. So we * may need to also drop the priority of the worker * thread as the next TCB comes off of the list. * * If wtcb->sched_priority > CONFIG_PAGING_DEFPRIO, * then the page fill worker thread is executing at * an elevated priority that may be reduced. * * If wtcb->sched_priority > g_pftcb->sched_priority * then the page fill worker thread is executing at * a higher priority than is appropriate for this * fill (this priority can get re-boosted by pg_miss() * if a new higher priority fill is required). */ FAR struct tcb_s *wtcb = this_task(); if (wtcb->sched_priority > CONFIG_PAGING_DEFPRIO && wtcb->sched_priority > g_pftcb->sched_priority) { /* Don't reduce the priority of the page fill * worker thread lower than the configured * minimum. */ int priority = g_pftcb->sched_priority; if (priority < CONFIG_PAGING_DEFPRIO) { priority = CONFIG_PAGING_DEFPRIO; } /* Reduce the priority of the page fill worker thread */ pgllvdbg("New worker priority. %d->%d\n", wtcb->sched_priority, priority); sched_setpriority(wtcb, priority); } /* Return with g_pftcb holding the pointer to * the TCB associated with task that requires the page fill. */ return true; } /* The page need by this task has already been mapped into the * virtual address space -- just restart it. */ pglldbg("Restarting TCB: %p\n", g_pftcb); up_unblock_task(g_pftcb); } } while (g_pftcb != NULL); return false; } /**************************************************************************** * Name: pg_startfill * * Description: * Start a page fill operation on the thread whose TCB is at the head of * of the g_waitingforfill task list. That is a prioritized list so that * will be the highest priority task waiting for a page fill (in the event * that are multiple tasks waiting for a page fill). * * This function may be called either (1) when the page fill worker thread * is notified that there is a new page fill TCB in the g_waitingforfill * prioritized list, or (2) when a page fill completes and there are more * pages to be filled in g_waitingforfill list. * * Input parameters: * None * * Returned Value: * If there are no further queue page fill operations to be performed, * pg_startfill() will return false. Otherwise, it will return * true to that the full is in process (any errors will result in * assertions and this function will not return). * * Assumptions: * Executing in the context of the page fill worker thread with all * interrupts disabled. * ****************************************************************************/ static inline bool pg_startfill(void) { FAR void *vpage; int result; /* Remove the TCB at the head of the g_waitfor fill list and check if there * is any task waiting for a page fill. pg_dequeue will handle this (plus * some cornercases) and will true if the next page TCB was successfully * dequeued. */ if (pg_dequeue()) { /* Call up_allocpage(tcb, &vpage). This architecture-specific function will * set aside page in memory and map to virtual address (vpage). If all * available pages are in-use (the typical case), this function will select * a page in-use, un-map it, and make it available. */ pgllvdbg("Call up_allocpage(%p)\n", g_pftcb); result = up_allocpage(g_pftcb, &vpage); DEBUGASSERT(result == OK); /* Start the fill. The exact way that the fill is started depends upon * the nature of the architecture-specific up_fillpage() function -- Is it * a blocking or a non-blocking call? */ #ifdef CONFIG_PAGING_BLOCKINGFILL /* If CONFIG_PAGING_BLOCKINGFILL is defined, then up_fillpage is blocking * call. In this case, up_fillpage() will accept only (1) a reference to * the TCB that requires the fill. Architecture-specific context information * within the TCB will be sufficient to perform the fill. And (2) the * (virtual) address of the allocated page to be filled. The resulting * status of the fill will be provided by return value from up_fillpage(). */ pgllvdbg("Call up_fillpage(%p)\n", g_pftcb); result = up_fillpage(g_pftcb, vpage); DEBUGASSERT(result == OK); #else /* If CONFIG_PAGING_BLOCKINGFILL is defined, then up_fillpage is non-blocking * call. In this case up_fillpage() will accept an additional argument: The page * fill worker thread will provide a callback function, pg_callback. * * Calling up_fillpage will start an asynchronous page fill. pg_callback * ill be called when the page fill is finished (or an error occurs). This * This callback will probably from interrupt level. */ pgllvdbg("Call up_fillpage(%p)\n", g_pftcb); result = up_fillpage(g_pftcb, vpage, pg_callback); DEBUGASSERT(result == OK); /* Save the time that the fill was started. These will be used to check for * timeouts. */ #ifdef CONFIG_PAGING_TIMEOUT_TICKS g_starttime = clock_systimer(); #endif /* Return and wait to be signaled for the next event -- the fill completion * event. While the fill is in progress, other tasks may execute. If * another page fault occurs during this time, the faulting task will be * blocked, its TCB will be added (in priority order) to g_waitingforfill * and the priority of the page worker task may be boosted. But no action * will be taken until the current page fill completes. NOTE: The IDLE task * must also be fully locked in memory. The IDLE task cannot be blocked. It * the case where all tasks are blocked waiting for a page fill, the IDLE * task must still be available to run. */ #endif /* CONFIG_PAGING_BLOCKINGFILL */ return true; } pglldbg("Queue empty\n"); return false; } /**************************************************************************** * Name: pg_alldone * * Description: * Called by the page fill worker thread when all pending page fill * operations have been completed and the g_waitingforfill list is empty. * * This functin will perform the following operations: * * - Set g_pftcb to NULL. * - Restore the default priority of the page fill worker thread. * * Input parameters: * None. * * Returned Value: * None * * Assumptions: * Executing in the context of the page fill worker thread with interrupts * disabled. * ****************************************************************************/ static inline void pg_alldone(void) { FAR struct tcb_s *wtcb = this_task(); g_pftcb = NULL; pgllvdbg("New worker priority. %d->%d\n", wtcb->sched_priority, CONFIG_PAGING_DEFPRIO); sched_setpriority(wtcb, CONFIG_PAGING_DEFPRIO); } /**************************************************************************** * Name: pg_fillcomplete * * Description: * Called by the page fill worker thread when a page fill completes. * Either (1) in the non-blocking up_fillpage(), after the architecture- * specific driver call the pg_callback() to wake up the page fill worker * thread, or (2) after the blocking up_fillpage() returens (when * CONFIG_PAGING_BLOCKINGFILL is defined). * * This function is just a dumb wrapper around up_unblocktask(). This * function simply makes the task that just received the fill ready-to-run. * * Input parameters: * None. * * Returned Value: * None * * Assumptions: * Executing in the context of the page fill worker thread with interrupts * disabled. * ****************************************************************************/ static inline void pg_fillcomplete(void) { /* Call up_unblocktask(g_pftcb) to make the task that just * received the fill ready-to-run. */ pglldbg("Restarting TCB: %p\n", g_pftcb); up_unblock_task(g_pftcb); } /**************************************************************************** * Public Functions ****************************************************************************/ /**************************************************************************** * Name: pg_worker * * Description: * This is the page fill worker thread that performs pages fills for tasks * that have received a pag fault and are blocked in the g_waitingforfill * task queue. * * The page fill worker thread will be awakened on one of three conditions: * - When signaled by pg_miss(), the page fill worker thread will be * awakenend, or * - if CONFIG_PAGING_BLOCKINGFILL is not defined, from pg_callback() * after completing a page fill. * - A configurable timeout with no activity. * * Input parameters: * argc, argv (not used) * * Returned Value: * Does not return * ****************************************************************************/ int pg_worker(int argc, char *argv[]) { /* Loop forever -- Notice that interrupts will be disabled at all times that * this thread runs. That is so that we can't lose signals or have * asynchronous page faults. * * All interrupt logic as well as all page fill worker thread logic must * be locked in memory. Therefore, keeping interrupts disabled here * should prevent any concurrent page faults. Any page faults or page * fill completions should occur while this thread sleeps. */ pglldbg("Started\n"); (void)up_irq_save(); for (; ; ) { /* Wait awhile. We will wait here until either the configurable timeout * elapses or until we are awakened by a signal (which terminates the * usleep with an EINTR error). Note that interrupts will be re-enabled * while this task sleeps. * * The timeout is a failsafe that will handle any cases where a single * is lost (that would really be a bug and shouldn't happen!) and also * supports timeouts for case of non-blocking, asynchronous fills. */ usleep(CONFIG_PAGING_WORKPERIOD); /* The page fill worker thread will be awakened on one of three conditions: * * - When signaled by pg_miss(), the page fill worker thread will be awakenend, * - if CONFIG_PAGING_BLOCKINGFILL is not defined, from pg_callback() * after completing a page fill, or * - On a configurable timeout expires with no activity. * * Interrupts are still disabled. */ #ifndef CONFIG_PAGING_BLOCKINGFILL /* For the non-blocking up_fillpage(), the page fill worker thread will detect * that the page fill is complete when it is awakened with g_pftcb non-NULL * and fill completion status from pg_callback. */ if (g_pftcb != NULL) { /* If it is a real page fill completion event, then the result of the page * fill will be in g_fillresult and will not be equal to -EBUSY. */ if (g_fillresult != -EBUSY) { /* Any value other than OK, brings the system down */ ASSERT(g_fillresult == OK); /* Handle the successful page fill complete event by restarting the * task that was blocked waiting for this page fill. */ pglldbg("Restarting TCB: %p\n", g_pftcb); up_unblock_task(g_pftcb); /* Yes .. Start the next asynchronous fill. Check the return * value to see a fill was actually started (false means that * no fill was started). */ pgllvdbg("Calling pg_startfill\n"); if (!pg_startfill()) { /* No fill was started. This can mean only that all queued * page fill actions have and been completed and there is * nothing more to do. */ pgllvdbg("Call pg_alldone()\n"); pg_alldone(); } } /* If a configurable timeout period expires with no page fill completion * event, then declare a failure. */ #ifdef CONFIG_PAGING_TIMEOUT_TICKS else { lldbg("Timeout!\n"); ASSERT(clock_systimer() - g_starttime < CONFIG_PAGING_TIMEOUT_TICKS); } #endif } /* Otherwise, this might be a page fill initiation event. When * awakened from pg_miss(), no fill will be in progress and * g_pftcb will be NULL. */ else { /* Are there tasks blocked and waiting for a fill? If so, * pg_startfill() will start the asynchronous fill (and set * g_pftcb). */ pgllvdbg("Calling pg_startfill\n"); (void)pg_startfill(); } #else /* Are there tasks blocked and waiting for a fill? Loop until all * pending fills have been processed. */ for (; ; ) { /* Yes .. Start the fill and block until the fill completes. * Check the return value to see a fill was actually performed. * (false means that no fill was perforemd). */ pgllvdbg("Calling pg_startfill\n"); if (!pg_startfill()) { /* Break out of the loop -- there is nothing more to do */ break; } /* Handle the page fill complete event by restarting the * task that was blocked waiting for this page fill. In the * non-blocking fill case, the page fill worker thread will * know that the page fill is complete when pg_startfill() * returns true. */ pgllvdbg("Restarting TCB: %p\n", g_pftcb); up_unblock_task(g_pftcb); } /* All queued fills have been processed */ pgllvdbg("Call pg_alldone()\n"); pg_alldone(); #endif } return OK; /* To keep some compilers happy */ } #endif /* CONFIG_PAGING */