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nuttx/arch/README.txt
Nathan Hartman 1d394535cb arch/README.txt: Various improvements to the text 
* Added missing architectures and directories.

* Corrected a few mistakes.

* Rewrapped some text for consistency.
2020-04-17 15:16:43 -06:00

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Architecture-Specific Code
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Table of Contents
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
o Architecture-Specific Code
o Summary of Files
o Supported Architectures
o Configuring NuttX
Architecture-Specific Code
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
The NuttX configuration consists of:
o Processor architecture specific files. These are the files contained
in the arch/<arch-name>/ directory discussed in this README.
o Chip/SoC specific files. Each processor architecture is embedded in
chip or System-on-a-Chip (SoC) architecture. The full chip
architecture includes the processor architecture plus chip-specific
interrupt logic, general purpose I/O (GPIO) logic, and specialized,
internal peripherals (such as UARTs, USB, etc.).
These chip-specific files are contained within chip-specific
sub-directories in the arch/<arch-name>/ directory and are selected
via the CONFIG_ARCH_name selection
o Board specific files. In order to be usable, the chip must be
contained in a board environment. The board configuration defines
additional properties of the board including such things as peripheral
LEDs, external peripherals (such as network, USB, etc.).
These board-specific configuration files can be found in the
boards/<arch>/<chip>/<board> sub-directories.
This README will address the processor architecture specific files that
are contained in the arch/<arch-name>/ directory. The file
include/nuttx/arch.h identifies all of the APIs that must be provided by
this architecture specific logic. (It also includes
arch/<arch-name>/arch.h as described below).
Directory Structure
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
The arch/ directory contains architecture-specific logic. The complete
board port is defined by the architecture-specific code in this
directory plus the board-specific configurations in the config/
subdirectory. Each architecture must provide a subdirectory <arch-name>
under arch/ with the following characteristics:
<arch-name>/
|-- include/
| |--<chip-name>/
| | `-- (chip-specific header files)
| |--<other-chips>/
| |-- arch.h
| |-- irq.h
| `-- types.h
`-- src/
|--<chip-name>/
| `-- (chip-specific source files)
|--<other-chips>/
|-- Makefile
`-- (architecture-specific source files)
Summary of Files
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
include/<chip-name>/
This sub-directory contains chip-specific header files.
include/arch.h
This is a hook for any architecture specific definitions that may be
needed by the system. It is included by include/nuttx/arch.h
include/types.h
This provides architecture/toolchain-specific definitions for standard
types. This file should typedef:
_int8_t, _uint8_t, _int16_t, _uint16_t, _int32_t, _uint32_t
and if the architecture supports 64-bit integers:
_int24_t, _uint24_t, _int64_t, _uint64_t
NOTE that these type names have a leading underscore character. This
file will be included (indirectly) by include/stdint.h and typedef'ed
to the final name without the underscore character. This roundabout
way of doings things allows the stdint.h to be removed from the
include/ directory in the event that the user prefers to use the
definitions provided by their toolchain header files.
irqstate_t
Must be defined to the size required to hold the interrupt
enable/disable state.
This file will be included by include/sys/types.h and be made
available to all files.
include/irq.h
This file needs to define some architecture-specific functions
(usually inline if the compiler supports inlining) and structures.
These include:
- struct xcptcontext. This structure represents the saved context of
a thread.
- irqstate_t up_irq_save(void) -- Used to disable all interrupts.
- void upirq_restore(irqstate_t flags) -- Used to restore interrupt
enables to the same state as before up_irq_save was called.
NOTE: These interfaces are not available to application code but can
only be used within the operating system code. And, in general, these
functions should *never* be called directly, not unless you know
absolutely well what you are doing. Rather you should typically use
the wrapper functions enter_critical_section() and
leave_critical_section() as prototyped in include/nuttx/irq.h.
This file must also define NR_IRQS, the total number of IRQs supported
by the board.
src/<chip-name>/
This sub-directory contains chip-specific source files.
src/Makefile
This makefile will be executed to build the targets src/libup.a and
src/up_head.o. The up_head.o file holds the entry point into the
system (power-on reset entry point, for example). It will be used in
the final link with libup.a and other system archives to generate the
final executable.
Supported Architectures
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
NOTE: nuttx/Documentation/NuttX.html for current information about the
state of these MCU ports.
arch/sim - Linux/Cygwin simulation
A user-mode port of NuttX to the x86 Linux platform is available.
The purpose of this port is primarily to support OS feature
development. This port does not support interrupts or a real timer
(and hence no round robin scheduler). Otherwise, it is complete.
arch/arm - ARM-based micro-controllers
This directory holds common ARM architectures. At present, this
includes the following subdirectories:
Architecture Support
arch/arm/include and arch/arm/src/common
arch/arm/src/arm and arch/arm/include/arm
arch/arm/src/armv7-a and arch/arm/include/armv6-m
arch/arm/src/armv7-a and arch/arm/include/armv7-a
arch/arm/src/armv7-m and arch/arm/include/armv7-m
arch/arm/src/armv7-r and arch/arm/include/armv7-r
MCU support
arch/arm/include/a1x and arch/arm/src/a1x
arch/arm/include/am335x and arch/arm/src/am335x
arch/arm/include/c5471 and arch/arm/src/c5471
arch/arm/include/cxd56xx and arch/arm/src/cxd56xx
arch/arm/include/dm320 and arch/arm/src/dm320
arch/arm/include/efm32 and arch/arm/src/efm32
arch/arm/include/imx1 and arch/arm/src/imx1
arch/arm/include/imx6 and arch/arm/src/imx6
arch/arm/include/imxrt and arch/arm/src/imxrt
arch/arm/include/kinetis and arch/arm/src/kinetis
arch/arm/include/kl and arch/arm/src/kl
arch/arm/include/lc823450 and arch/arm/src/lc823450
arch/arm/include/lpc17xx_40xx and arch/arm/src/lpc17xx_40xx
arch/arm/include/lpc214x and arch/arm/src/lpc214x
arch/arm/include/lpc2378 and arch/arm/src/lpc2378
arch/arm/include/lpc31xx and arch/arm/src/lpc31xx
arch/arm/include/lpc43xx and arch/arm/src/lpc43xx
arch/arm/include/lpc54xx and arch/arm/src/lpc54xx
arch/arm/include/max326xx and arch/arm/src/max326xx
arch/arm/include/moxart and arch/arm/src/moxart
arch/arm/include/nrf52 and arch/arm/src/nrf52
arch/arm/include/nuc1xx and arch/arm/src/nuc1xx
arch/arm/include/s32k1xx and arch/arm/src/s32k1xx
arch/arm/include/sam34 and arch/arm/src/sam34
arch/arm/include/sama5 and arch/arm/src/sama5
arch/arm/include/samd2l2 and arch/arm/src/samd2l2
arch/arm/include/samd5e5 and arch/arm/src/samd5e5
arch/arm/include/samv7 and arch/arm/src/samv7
arch/arm/include/stm32 and arch/arm/src/stm32
arch/arm/include/stm32f0l0g0 and arch/arm/src/stm32f0l0g0
arch/arm/include/stm32f7 and arch/arm/src/stm32f7
arch/arm/include/stm32h7 and arch/arm/src/stm32h7
arch/arm/include/stm32l4 and arch/arm/src/stm32l4
arch/arm/include/str71x and arch/arm/src/str71x
arch/arm/include/tiva and arch/arm/src/tiva
arch/arm/include/tms570 and arch/arm/src/tms570
arch/arm/include/xmc4 and arch/arm/src/xmc4
arch/avr
This directory is dedicated to ports to the Atmel AVR (8-bit) and
AVR32 (32-bit) MCU families. STATUS: Under development.
Architecture Support
arch/avr/include/avr and arch/avr/src/avr
arch/avr/include/avr32 and arch/avr/src/avr32
MCU support
arch/avr/include/atmega and arch/avr/src/atmega
arch/avr/include/at90usb and arch/avr/src/at90usb
arch/avr/include/at32uc3 and arch/avr/src/at32uc3
arch/avr/include/xmega and arch/avr/src/xmega
arch/hc
This directory is dedicated to ports to the Freescale HC family.
arch/arm/include/m9s12 and arch/arm/src/m9s12
arch/mips
This directory is dedicated to ports to the MIPS family.
Architecture Support
arch/mips/include/mips32 and arch/mips/src/mips32
MCU support
arch/mips/include/pic32mx and arch/mips/src/pic32mx
arch/mips/include/pic32mz and arch/mips/src/pic32mz
arch/misoc
This directory is dedicated to ports to the Misoc family.
MCU support
arch/misoc/include/lm32 and arch/misoc/src/lm32
arch/misoc/include/minerva and arch/misoc/src/minerva
arch/renesas - Support for Renesas and legacy Hitachi microcontrollers.
This include SuperH and M16C.
Architecture Support
arch/renesas/include and arch/renesas/src/common
MCU support
arch/renesas/include/m16c and arch/renesas/src/m16c
arch/renesas/include/rx65n and arch/renesas/src/rx65n
arch/renesas/include/sh1 and arch/renesas/src/sh1
arch/or1k
This directory is dedicated to ports to OpenRISC architectures.
arch/or1k/include/mor1k and arch/or1k/src/mor1k
arch/risc-v
This directory is dedicated to ports to the RISC-V family.
Architecture Support
arch/risc-v/include/rv32im
MCU support
arch/risc-v/include/fe310 and arch/risc-v/src/fe310
arch/risc-v/include/gap8 and arch/risc-v/src/gap8
arch/risc-v/include/k210 and arch/risc-v/src/k210
arch/risc-v/include/litex and arch/risc-v/src/litex
arch/risc-v/include/nr5m100 and arch/risc-v/src/nr5m100
arch/risc-v/include/rv32im and arch/risc-v/src/rv32im
arch/risc-v/include/rv64gc and arch/risc-v/src/rv64gc
arch/x86 - Intel x86 architectures
This directory holds related, 32- and 64-bit architectures from
Intel. At present, this includes the following subdirectories:
Architecture Support
arch/x86/include and arch/x86/src/common
MCU support
arch/x86/include/i486 and arch/x86/src/i486
arch/x86/include/qemu and arch/x86/src/qemu
arch/x86_64 - Intel x86 64-bit architectures
This directory holds related 64-bit architectures from Intel. At
present, this includes the following subdirectories:
Architecture Support
arch/x86_64/include and arch/x86_64/src/common
MCU support
arch/x86_64/include/intel64 and arch/x86_64/src/intel64
arch/x86_64/include/qemu and arch/x86_64/src/qemu
arch/xtensa
Implementations based on the Cadence® Tensilica® Xtensa® processors,
such as the Xtensa LX6 dataplane processing units (DPUs). At
present, this includes the following subdirectories:
Common XTENSA support:
arch/xtensa/include and arch/xtensa/src/common
LX6 DPU support:
arch/xtensa/include/lx6 and arch/xtensa/xtensa/lx6
Espressif ESP32 implementation of the LX6 DPU:
arch/xtensa/include/esp32 and arch/xtensa/xtensa/esp32
arch/z16 - ZiLOG 16-bit processors
This directory holds related, 16-bit architectures from ZiLOG. At
present, this includes the following subdirectories:
Architecture Support
arch/z16/include and arch/z16/src/common
MCU support
arch/z16/include/z16f and arch/z16/src/z16f
arch/z80 - ZiLOG 8-bit microcontrollers
This directory holds related, 8-bit architectures from ZiLOG. At
present, this includes the following subdirectories:
Architecture Support
arch/z80/include and arch/z80/src/common
MCU support
arch/z80/include/ez80 and arch/z80/src/ez80
arch/z80/include/z80 and arch/z80/src/z180
arch/z80/include/z8 and arch/z80/src/z8
arch/z80/include/z80 and arch/z80/src/z80
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