README
======
This README discusses issues unique to NuttX configurations for the Atmel
SAM4E-EK development. This board features the SAM4E16 MCU running at 96
or 120MHz.
Contents
========
- Development Environment
- GNU Toolchain Options
- IDEs
- NuttX EABI "buildroot" Toolchain
- NuttX OABI "buildroot" Toolchain
- NXFLAT Toolchain
- Atmel Studio 6.1
- Loading Code with J-Link
- Writing to FLASH using SAM-BA
- LEDs
- Serial Console
- Networking Support
- AT25 Serial FLASH
- USB Full-Speed Device
- SAM4E-EK-specific Configuration Options
- Configurations
Development Environment
=======================
Either Linux or Cygwin on Windows can be used for the development environment.
The source has been built only using the GNU toolchain (see below). Other
toolchains will likely cause problems. Testing was performed using the Cygwin
environment.
GNU Toolchain Options
=====================
The NuttX make system can be configured to support the various different
toolchain options. All testing has been conducted using the NuttX buildroot
toolchain. To use alternative toolchain, you simply need to add change of
the following configuration options to your .config (or defconfig) file:
CONFIG_ARMV7M_TOOLCHAIN_CODESOURCERYW=y : CodeSourcery under Windows
CONFIG_ARMV7M_TOOLCHAIN_CODESOURCERYL=y : CodeSourcery under Linux
CONFIG_ARMV7M_TOOLCHAIN_ATOLLIC=y : Atollic toolchain for Windos
CONFIG_ARMV7M_TOOLCHAIN_DEVKITARM=y : devkitARM under Windows
CONFIG_ARMV7M_TOOLCHAIN_BUILDROOT=y : NuttX buildroot under Linux or Cygwin (default)
CONFIG_ARMV7M_TOOLCHAIN_GNU_EABIL=y : Generic GCC ARM EABI toolchain for Linux
CONFIG_ARMV7M_TOOLCHAIN_GNU_EABIW=y : Generic GCC ARM EABI toolchain for Windows
You may also have to modify the PATH in the setenv.h file if your
make cannot find the tools.
NOTE about Windows native toolchains
------------------------------------
There are basically three kinds of GCC toolchains that can be used:
1. A Linux native toolchain in a Linux environment,
2. The buildroot Cygwin tool chain built in the Cygwin environment,
3. A Windows native toolchain.
There are several limitations to using a Windows based toolchain (#3) in a
Cygwin environment. The three biggest are:
1. The Windows toolchain cannot follow Cygwin paths. Path conversions are
performed automatically in the Cygwin makefiles using the 'cygpath'
utility but you might easily find some new path problems. If so, check
out 'cygpath -w'
2. Windows toolchains cannot follow Cygwin symbolic links. Many symbolic
links are used in Nuttx (e.g., include/arch). The make system works
around these problems for the Windows tools by copying directories
instead of linking them. But this can also cause some confusion for
you: For example, you may edit a file in a "linked" directory and find
that your changes had no effect. That is because you are building the
copy of the file in the "fake" symbolic directory. If you use a
Windows toolchain, you should get in the habit of making like this:
make clean_context all
An alias in your .bashrc file might make that less painful.
3. Dependencies are not made when using Windows versions of the GCC. This
is because the dependencies are generated using Windows paths which do
not work with the Cygwin make.
MKDEP = $(TOPDIR)/tools/mknulldeps.sh
IDEs
====
NuttX is built using command-line make. It can be used with an IDE, but some
effort will be required to create the project (There is a simple RIDE project
in the RIDE subdirectory).
Makefile Build
--------------
Under Eclipse, it is pretty easy to set up an "empty makefile project" and
simply use the NuttX makefile to build the system. That is almost for free
under Linux. Under Windows, you will need to set up the "Cygwin GCC" empty
makefile project in order to work with Windows (Google for "Eclipse Cygwin" -
there is a lot of help on the internet).
Native Build
------------
Here are a few tips before you start that effort:
1) Select the toolchain that you will be using in your .config file
2) Start the NuttX build at least one time from the Cygwin command line
before trying to create your project. This is necessary to create
certain auto-generated files and directories that will be needed.
3) Set up include pathes: You will need include/, arch/arm/src/sam34,
arch/arm/src/common, arch/arm/src/armv7-m, and sched/.
4) All assembly files need to have the definition option -D __ASSEMBLY__
on the command line.
Startup files will probably cause you some headaches. The NuttX startup file
is arch/arm/src/sam34/sam_vectors.S. You may need to build NuttX
one time from the Cygwin command line in order to obtain the pre-built
startup object needed by RIDE.
NuttX EABI "buildroot" Toolchain
================================
A GNU GCC-based toolchain is assumed. The files */setenv.sh should
be modified to point to the correct path to the Cortex-M3 GCC toolchain (if
different from the default in your PATH variable).
If you have no Cortex-M3 toolchain, one can be downloaded from the NuttX
SourceForge download site (https://sourceforge.net/projects/nuttx/files/buildroot/).
This GNU toolchain builds and executes in the Linux or Cygwin environment.
1. You must have already configured Nuttx in <some-dir>/nuttx.
cd tools
./configure.sh sam4e-ek/<sub-dir>
2. Download the latest buildroot package into <some-dir>
3. unpack the buildroot tarball. The resulting directory may
have versioning information on it like buildroot-x.y.z. If so,
rename <some-dir>/buildroot-x.y.z to <some-dir>/buildroot.
4. cd <some-dir>/buildroot
5. cp configs/cortexm3-eabi-defconfig-4.6.3 .config
6. make oldconfig
7. make
8. Edit setenv.h, if necessary, so that the PATH variable includes
the path to the newly built binaries.
See the file configs/README.txt in the buildroot source tree. That has more
details PLUS some special instructions that you will need to follow if you are
building a Cortex-M3 toolchain for Cygwin under Windows.
NOTE: Unfortunately, the 4.6.3 EABI toolchain is not compatible with the
the NXFLAT tools. See the top-level TODO file (under "Binary loaders") for
more information about this problem. If you plan to use NXFLAT, please do not
use the GCC 4.6.3 EABI toochain; instead use the GCC 4.3.3 OABI toolchain.
See instructions below.
NuttX OABI "buildroot" Toolchain
================================
The older, OABI buildroot toolchain is also available. To use the OABI
toolchain:
1. When building the buildroot toolchain, either (1) modify the cortexm3-eabi-defconfig-4.6.3
configuration to use EABI (using 'make menuconfig'), or (2) use an exising OABI
configuration such as cortexm3-defconfig-4.3.3
2. Modify the Make.defs file to use the OABI conventions:
+CROSSDEV = arm-nuttx-elf-
+ARCHCPUFLAGS = -mtune=cortex-m3 -march=armv7-m -mfloat-abi=soft
+NXFLATLDFLAGS2 = $(NXFLATLDFLAGS1) -T$(TOPDIR)/binfmt/libnxflat/gnu-nxflat-gotoff.ld -no-check-sections
-CROSSDEV = arm-nuttx-eabi-
-ARCHCPUFLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -mfloat-abi=soft
-NXFLATLDFLAGS2 = $(NXFLATLDFLAGS1) -T$(TOPDIR)/binfmt/libnxflat/gnu-nxflat-pcrel.ld -no-check-sections
NXFLAT Toolchain
================
If you are *not* using the NuttX buildroot toolchain and you want to use
the NXFLAT tools, then you will still have to build a portion of the buildroot
tools -- just the NXFLAT tools. The buildroot with the NXFLAT tools can
be downloaded from the NuttX SourceForge download site
(https://sourceforge.net/projects/nuttx/files/).
This GNU toolchain builds and executes in the Linux or Cygwin environment.
1. You must have already configured Nuttx in <some-dir>/nuttx.
cd tools
./configure.sh sam4e-ek/<sub-dir>
2. Download the latest buildroot package into <some-dir>
3. unpack the buildroot tarball. The resulting directory may
have versioning information on it like buildroot-x.y.z. If so,
rename <some-dir>/buildroot-x.y.z to <some-dir>/buildroot.
4. cd <some-dir>/buildroot
5. cp configs/cortexm3-defconfig-nxflat .config
6. make oldconfig
7. make
8. Edit setenv.h, if necessary, so that the PATH variable includes
the path to the newly builtNXFLAT binaries.
Atmel Studio 6.1
================
You can use Atmel Studio 6.1 to load and debug code.
- To load code into FLASH:
Tools menus: Tools -> Device Programming.
Configure the debugger and chip and you are in business.
- Debugging the NuttX Object File:
1) Rename object file from nutt to nuttx.elf. That is an extension that
will be recognized by the file menu.
2) Select the project name, the full path to the NuttX object (called
just nuttx with no extension), and chip. Take the time to resolve
all of the source file linkages or else you will not have source
level debug!
File menu: File -> Open -> Open object file for debugging
- Select nuttx.elf object file
- Select AT91SAM4E16
- Select files for symbols as desired
- Select debugger
3) Debug menu: Debug -> Start debugging and break
- This will reload the nuttx.elf file into FLASH
STATUS: At this point, Atmel Studio 6.1 claims that my object files are
not readable. A little more needs to be done to wring out this procedure.
Loading Code into SRAM with J-Link
==================================
Loading code with the Segger tools and GDB
------------------------------------------
1) Change directories into the directory where you built NuttX.
2) Start the GDB server and wait until it is ready to accept GDB
connections.
3) Then run GDB like this:
$ arm-none-eabi-gdb
(gdb) target remote localhost:2331
(gdb) mon reset
(gdb) load nuttx
(gdb) ... start debugging ...
Loading code using J-Link Commander
----------------------------------
J-Link> r
J-Link> loadbin <file> <address>
J-Link> setpc <address of __start>
J-Link> ... start debugging ...
STATUS: As of this writing, I have no been successful writing to FLASH
using the GDB server. I think that this is because of issues with GPNVM1
settings and flash lock bits. In any event, the GDB server works great for
debugging after writing the program to FLASH using SAM-BA.
Writing to FLASH using SAM-BA
=============================
Assumed starting configuration:
1. You have installed the J-Link USB driver
Using SAM-BA to write to FLASH:
1. Start the SAM-BA application, selecting (1) the SAM-ICE/J-Link
port, and (2) board = at91sam4e16-ek.
2. The SAM-BA menu should appear.
3. Select the FLASH tab and enable FLASH access
4. "Send" the file to flash
5. Enable "Boot from Flash (GPNVM1)
6. Reset the board.
STATUS: Works great!
LEDs
====
The SAM4E-EK board has three, user-controllable LEDs labelled D2 (blue),
D3 (amber), and D4 (green) on the board. Usage of these LEDs is defined
in include/board.h and src/up_leds.c. They are encoded as follows:
SYMBOL Meaning D3* D2 D4
------------------- ----------------------- ------- ------- -------
LED_STARTED NuttX has been started OFF OFF OFF
LED_HEAPALLOCATE Heap has been allocated OFF OFF ON
LED_IRQSENABLED Interrupts enabled OFF ON OFF
LED_STACKCREATED Idle stack created OFF ON ON
LED_INIRQ In an interrupt** N/C FLASH N/C
LED_SIGNAL In a signal handler*** N/C N/C FLASH
LED_ASSERTION An assertion failed FLASH N/C N/C
LED_PANIC The system has crashed FLASH N/C N/C
* If D2 and D4 are statically on, then NuttX probably failed to boot
and these LEDs will give you some indication of where the failure was
** The normal state is D3=OFF, D4=ON and D2 faintly glowing. This faint
glow is because of timer interrupts that result in the LED being
illuminated on a small proportion of the time.
*** D4 may also flicker normally if signals are processed.
Serial Console
==============
By default, all of these configurations use UART0 for the NuttX serial
console. UART0 corresponds to the DB-9 connector J17 labelled "DBGU".
This is a male connector and will require a female-to-female, NUL modem
cable to connect to a PC.
An alternate is USART1 which connects to the other DB-9 connector labelled
"USART1". USART1 is not enabled by default unless specifically noted
otherwise in the configuration description. A NUL modem cable must be
used with the port as well.
NOTE: To avoid any electrical conflict, the RS232 and RS485 transceiver
are isolated from the receiving line PA21.
- Chose RS485 channel: Close 1-2 pins on JP11 and set PA23 to high level
- Chose RS232 channel: Close 2-3 pins on JP11 and set PA23 to low level
By default serial console is configured for 115000, 8-bit, 1 stop bit, and
no parity.
Networking Support
==================
Networking support via the can be added to NSH by selecting the following
configuration options.
Selecting the EMAC peripheral
-----------------------------
System Type -> SAM34 Peripheral Support
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC=y : Enable the EMAC peripheral
System Type -> EMAC device driver options
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_NRXBUFFERS=16 : Set aside some RS and TX buffers
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_NTXBUFFERS=4
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_PHYADDR=1 : KSZ8051 PHY is at address 1
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_AUTONEG=y : Use autonegotiation
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_MII=y : Only the MII interface is supported
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_PHYSR=30 : Address of PHY status register on KSZ8051
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_PHYSR_ALTCONFIG=y : Needed for KSZ8051
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_PHYSR_ALTMODE=0x7 : " " " " " "
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_PHYSR_10HD=0x1 : " " " " " "
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_PHYSR_100HD=0x2 : " " " " " "
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_PHYSR_10FD=0x5 : " " " " " "
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_PHYSR_100FD=0x6 : " " " " " "
PHY selection. Later in the configuration steps, you will need to select
the KSZ8051 PHY for EMAC (See below)
Networking Support
CONFIG_NET=y : Enable Neworking
CONFIG_NET_SOCKOPTS=y : Enable socket operations
CONFIG_NET_BUFSIZE=562 : Maximum packet size (MTD) 1518 is more standard
CONFIG_NET_RECEIVE_WINDOW=536 : Should be the same as CONFIG_NET_BUFSIZE
CONFIG_NET_TCP=y : Enable TCP/IP networking
CONFIG_NET_TCPBACKLOG=y : Support TCP/IP backlog
CONFIG_NET_TCP_READAHEAD_BUFSIZE=536 Read-ahead buffer size
CONFIG_NET_UDP=y : Enable UDP networking
CONFIG_NET_BROADCAST=y : Needed for DNS name resolution
CONFIG_NET_ICMP=y : Enable ICMP networking
CONFIG_NET_ICMP_PING=y : Needed for NSH ping command
: Defaults should be okay for other options
Device drivers -> Network Device/PHY Support
CONFIG_NETDEVICES=y : Enabled PHY selection
CONFIG_ETH0_PHY_KSZ8051=y : Select the KSZ8051 PHY (for EMAC)
Application Configuration -> Network Utilities
CONFIG_NETUTILS_RESOLV=y : Enable host address resolution
CONFIG_NETUTILS_TELNETD=y : Enable the Telnet daemon
CONFIG_NETUTILS_TFTPC=y : Enable TFTP data file transfers for get and put commands
CONFIG_NETUTILS_UIPLIB=y : Network library support is needed
CONFIG_NETUTILS_WEBCLIENT=y : Needed for wget support
: Defaults should be okay for other options
Application Configuration -> NSH Library
CONFIG_NSH_TELNET=y : Enable NSH session via Telnet
CONFIG_NSH_IPADDR=0x0a000002 : Select a fixed IP address
CONFIG_NSH_DRIPADDR=0x0a000001 : IP address of gateway/host PC
CONFIG_NSH_NETMASK=0xffffff00 : Netmask
CONFIG_NSH_NOMAC=y : Need to make up a bogus MAC address
: Defaults should be okay for other options
You can also enable enable the DHCPC client for networks that use
dynamically assigned address:
Application Configuration -> Network Utilities
CONFIG_NETUTILS_DHCPC=y : Enables the DHCP client
Networking Support
CONFIG_NET_UDP=y : Depends on broadcast UDP
Application Configuration -> NSH Library
CONFIG_NET_BROADCAST=y
CONFIG_NSH_DHCPC=y : Tells NSH to use DHCPC, not
: the fixed addresses
Using the network with NSH
--------------------------
So what can you do with this networking support? First you see that
NSH has several new network related commands:
ifconfig, ifdown, ifup: Commands to help manage your network
get and put: TFTP file transfers
wget: HTML file transfers
ping: Check for access to peers on the network
Telnet console: You can access the NSH remotely via telnet.
You can also enable other add on features like full FTP or a Web
Server or XML RPC and others. There are also other features that
you can enable like DHCP client (or server) or network name
resolution.
By default, the IP address of the SAM4E-EK will be 10.0.0.2 and
it will assume that your host is the gateway and has the IP address
10.0.0.1.
nsh> ifconfig
eth0 HWaddr 00:e0:de:ad:be:ef at UP
IPaddr:10.0.0.2 DRaddr:10.0.0.1 Mask:255.255.255.0
You can use ping to test for connectivity to the host (Careful,
Window firewalls usually block ping-related ICMP traffic). On the
target side, you can:
nsh> ping 10.0.0.1
PING 10.0.0.1 56 bytes of data
56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=1 time=0 ms
56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=2 time=0 ms
56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=3 time=0 ms
56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=4 time=0 ms
56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=5 time=0 ms
56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=6 time=0 ms
56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=7 time=0 ms
56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=8 time=0 ms
56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=9 time=0 ms
56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=10 time=0 ms
10 packets transmitted, 10 received, 0% packet loss, time 10100 ms
NOTE: In this configuration is is normal to have packet loss > 0%
the first time you ping due to the default handling of the ARP
table.
On the host side, you should also be able to ping the SAM4E-EK:
$ ping 10.0.0.2
You can also log into the NSH from the host PC like this:
$ telnet 10.0.0.2
Trying 10.0.0.2...
Connected to 10.0.0.2.
Escape character is '^]'.
sh_telnetmain: Session [3] Started
NuttShell (NSH) NuttX-6.31
nsh> help
help usage: help [-v] [<cmd>]
[ echo ifconfig mkdir mw sleep
? exec ifdown mkfatfs ping test
cat exit ifup mkfifo ps umount
cp free kill mkrd put usleep
cmp get losetup mh rm wget
dd help ls mount rmdir xd
df hexdump mb mv sh
Builtin Apps:
nsh>
NOTE: If you enable this feature, you experience a delay on booting.
That is because the start-up logic waits for the network connection
to be established before starting NuttX. In a real application, you
would probably want to do the network bringup on a separate thread
so that access to the NSH prompt is not delayed.
This delay will be especially long if the board is not connected to
a network because additional time will be required to fail with timeout
errors.
AT25 Serial FLASH
=================
Connections
-----------
Both the SAM4E-EK include an Atmel AT25DF321A, 32-megabit, 2.7-volt
SPI serial flash. The SPI
connection is as follows:
------ ------- ---------------
SAM4E AT25 SAM4E
GPIO PIN FUNCTION
------ ------- ---------------
PA13 SI MOSI
PA12 SO MIS0
PA14 SCK SPCK
PA5 /CS NPCS3 (pulled high externally)
------ ------- ---------------
Configuration
-------------
Support for the serial FLASH can be enabled in these configurations. These
are the relevant configuration settings. These settings (1) Enable SPI0,
(2) Enable DMAC0 to support DMA transfers on SPI for best performance,
(3) Enable the AT25 Serial FLASH, and (3) Set up NuttX to configure the
file system on the AT25 FLASH:
System Type -> ATSAM3/4 Peripheral Support
CONFIG_SAM34_SPI0=y : Enable SPI0
CONFIG_SAM34_DMAC0=y : Enable DMA controller 0
System Type -> SPI device driver options
CONFIG_SAM34_SPI_DMA=y : Use DMA for SPI transfers
CONFIG_SAM34_SPI_DMATHRESHOLD=4 : Don't DMA for small transfers
Device Drivers -> SPI Driver Support
CONFIG_SPI=y : Enable SPI support
CONFIG_SPI_EXCHANGE=y : Support the exchange method
Device Drivers -> Memory Technology Device (MTD) Support
CONFIG_MTD=y : Enable MTD support
CONFIG_MTD_AT25=y : Enable the AT25 driver
CONFIG_AT25_SPIMODE=0 : Use SPI mode 0
CONFIG_AT25_SPIFREQUENCY=20000000 : Use SPI frequency 12MHz
The AT25 is capable of operation at 20MHz. However, if you experience
any issues with the AT25, then lower this frequency may give more
predictable performance.
File Systems -> FAT
CONFIG_FS_FAT=y : Enable and configure FAT
CONFIG_FAT_LCNAMES=y : Upper/lower case names
CONFIG_FAT_LFN=y : Long file name support (See NOTE)
CONFIG_FAT_MAXFNAME=32 : Limit filename sizes to 32 bytes
NOTE: Use care if you plan to use FAT long file name feature in a product;
There are issues with certain Microsoft patents on the long file name
technology.
Application Configuration -> NSH Library
CONFIG_NSH_ARCHINIT=y : NSH board-initialization
Board Selection
CONFIG_SAM4EEK_AT25_AUTOMOUNT=y : Mounts AT25 for NSH
CONFIG_SAM4EEK_AT25_FTL=y : Create block driver for FAT
You can then format the AT25 FLASH for a FAT file system and mount the
file system at /mnt/at25 using these NSH commands:
nsh> mkfatfs /dev/mtdblock0
nsh> mount -t vfat /dev/mtdblock0 /mnt/at25
Then you an use the FLASH as a normal FAT file system:
nsh> echo "This is a test" >/mnt/at25/atest.txt
nsh> ls -l /mnt/at25
/mnt/at25:
-rw-rw-rw- 16 atest.txt
nsh> cat /mnt/at25/atest.txt
This is a test
USB Full-Speed Device
=====================
Basic USB Full-Speed Device Configuration
-----------------------------------------
Support the USB full-speed device (UDP) driver can be enabled with these
NuttX configuration settings.
Device Drivers -> USB Device Driver Support
CONFIG_USBDEV=y : Enable USB device support
CONFIG_USBDEV_DUALSPEED=n : Device does not support High-Speed
CONFIG_USBDEV_DMA=n : Device does not use DMA
System Type -> ATSAM3/4 Peripheral Support
CONFIG_SAM34_UDP=y : Enable UDP Full Speed USB device
Application Configuration -> NSH Library
CONFIG_NSH_ARCHINIT=y : NSH board-initialization
Mass Storage Class
------------------
The Mass Storage Class (MSC) class driver can be selected for use with
UDP. Note: The following assumes that the internal AT24 Serial FLASH
is configured to support a FAT file system through an FTL layer as
described about under "AT25 Serial FLASH".
Device Drivers -> USB Device Driver Support
CONFIG_USBMSC=y : Enable the USB MSC class driver
CONFIG_USBMSC_EPBULKOUT=4 : Use EP1 for the BULK OUT endpoint
CONFIG_USBMSC_EPBULKIN=5 : Use EP2 for the BULK IN endpoint
: Defaults for other settings?
Board Selection
CONFIG_SAM4EEK_AT25_BLOCKDEVICE=y : Export AT25 serial FLASH device
CONFIG_SAM4EEK_HSMCI_BLOCKDEVICE=n : Don't export HSMCI SD card
Note: If properly configured, you could export the HSMCI SD card instead
of the internal AT25 Serial FLASH.
The following setting enables an add-on that can can be used to control
the USB MSC device. It will add two new NSH commands:
a. msconn will connect the USB serial device and export the AT25
to the host, and
b. msdis which will disconnect the USB serial device.
Application Configuration -> System Add-Ons:
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMSC=y : Enable the USBMSC add-on
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMSC_NLUNS=1 : One LUN
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMSC_DEVMINOR1=0 : Minor device zero
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMSC_DEVPATH1="/dev/mtdblock0"
: Use a single, LUN: The AT25
: block driver.
NOTES:
a. To prevent file system corruption, make sure that the AT25 is un-
mounted *before* exporting the mass storage device to the host:
nsh> umount /mnt/at25
nsh> mscon
The AT25 can be re-mounted after the mass storage class is disconnected:
nsh> msdis
nsh> mount -t vfat /dev/mtdblock0 /mnt/at25
b. If you change the value CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMSC_DEVPATH1, then you
can export other file systems:
"/dev/mmcsd0" would export the HSMCI SD slot
"/dev/ram0" could even be used to export a RAM disk. But you would
first have to use mkrd to create the RAM disk and mkfatfs to put
a FAT file system on it.
CDC/ACM Serial Device Class
---------------------------
This will select the CDC/ACM serial device. Defaults for the other
options should be okay.
Device Drivers -> USB Device Driver Support
CONFIG_CDCACM=y : Enable the CDC/ACM device
CONFIG_CDCACM_BULKIN_REQLEN=96 : Default request size
The following setting enables an example that can can be used to control
the CDC/ACM device. It will add two new NSH commands:
a. sercon will connect the USB serial device (creating /dev/ttyACM0), and
b. serdis which will disconnect the USB serial device (destroying
/dev/ttyACM0).
Application Configuration -> Examples:
CONFIG_SYSTEM_CDCACM=y : Enable an CDC/ACM example
Debugging USB Device
--------------------
There is normal console debug output available that can be enabled with
CONFIG_DEBUG + CONFIG_DEBUG_USB. However, USB device operation is very
time critical and enabling this debug output WILL interfere with the
operation of the UDP. USB device tracing is a less invasive way to get
debug information: If tracing is enabled, the USB device will save
encoded trace output in in-memory buffer; if the USB monitor is also
enabled, that trace buffer will be periodically emptied and dumped to the
system logging device (the serial console in this configuration):
Device Drivers -> "USB Device Driver Support:
CONFIG_USBDEV_TRACE=y : Enable USB trace feature
CONFIG_USBDEV_TRACE_NRECORDS=256 : Buffer 256 records in memory
CONFIG_USBDEV_TRACE_STRINGS=y : (optional)
Application Configuration -> NSH LIbrary:
CONFIG_NSH_USBDEV_TRACE=n : No builtin tracing from NSH
CONFIG_NSH_ARCHINIT=y : Automatically start the USB monitor
Application Configuration -> System NSH Add-Ons:
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMONITOR=y : Enable the USB monitor daemon
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMONITOR_STACKSIZE=2048 : USB monitor daemon stack size
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMONITOR_PRIORITY=50 : USB monitor daemon priority
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMONITOR_INTERVAL=1 : Dump trace data every second
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMONITOR_TRACEINIT=y : Enable TRACE output
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMONITOR_TRACECLASS=y
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMONITOR_TRACETRANSFERS=y
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMONITOR_TRACECONTROLLER=y
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMONITOR_TRACEINTERRUPTS=y
NOTE: If USB debug output is also enabled, both outputs will appear on the
serial console. However, the debug output will be asynchronous with the
trace output and, hence, difficult to interpret.
SAM4E-EK-specific Configuration Options
=======================================
CONFIG_ARCH - Identifies the arch/ subdirectory. This should
be set to:
CONFIG_ARCH=arm
CONFIG_ARCH_family - For use in C code:
CONFIG_ARCH_ARM=y
CONFIG_ARCH_architecture - For use in C code:
CONFIG_ARCH_CORTEXM3=y
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP - Identifies the arch/*/chip subdirectory
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP="sam34"
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP_name - For use in C code to identify the exact
chip:
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP_SAM34
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP_SAM3U
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP_ATSAM3U4
CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD - Identifies the configs subdirectory and
hence, the board that supports the particular chip or SoC.
CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD=sam4e-ek (for the SAM4E-EK development board)
CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD_name - For use in C code
CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD_SAM4EEK=y
CONFIG_ARCH_LOOPSPERMSEC - Must be calibrated for correct operation
of delay loops
CONFIG_ENDIAN_BIG - define if big endian (default is little
endian)
CONFIG_RAM_SIZE - Describes the installed DRAM (SRAM in this case):
CONFIG_RAM_SIZE=0x00020000 (128Kb)
CONFIG_RAM_START - The start address of installed DRAM
CONFIG_RAM_START=0x20000000
CONFIG_ARCH_IRQPRIO - The SAM3U supports interrupt prioritization
CONFIG_ARCH_IRQPRIO=n
CONFIG_ARCH_LEDS - Use LEDs to show state. Unique to boards that
have LEDs
CONFIG_ARCH_INTERRUPTSTACK - This architecture supports an interrupt
stack. If defined, this symbol is the size of the interrupt
stack in bytes. If not defined, the user task stacks will be
used during interrupt handling.
CONFIG_ARCH_STACKDUMP - Do stack dumps after assertions
CONFIG_ARCH_LEDS - Use LEDs to show state. Unique to board architecture.
CONFIG_ARCH_CALIBRATION - Enables some build in instrumentation that
cause a 100 second delay during boot-up. This 100 second delay
serves no purpose other than it allows you to calibratre
CONFIG_ARCH_LOOPSPERMSEC. You simply use a stop watch to measure
the 100 second delay then adjust CONFIG_ARCH_LOOPSPERMSEC until
the delay actually is 100 seconds.
Individual subsystems can be enabled:
CONFIG_SAM34_SPI0 - Serial Peripheral Interface 0 (SPI0)
CONFIG_SAM34_SPI1 - Serial Peripheral Interface 1 (SPI1)
CONFIG_SAM34_SSC - Synchronous Serial Controller (SSC)
CONFIG_SAM34_TC0 - Timer/Counter 0 (TC0)
CONFIG_SAM34_TC1 - Timer/Counter 1 (TC1)
CONFIG_SAM34_TC2 - Timer/Counter 2 (TC2)
CONFIG_SAM34_TC3 - Timer/Counter 3 (TC3)
CONFIG_SAM34_TC4 - Timer/Counter 4 (TC4)
CONFIG_SAM34_TC5 - Timer/Counter 5 (TC5)
CONFIG_SAM34_TC6 - Timer/Counter 6 (TC6)
CONFIG_SAM34_TC7 - Timer/Counter 7 (TC6)
CONFIG_SAM34_TC8 - Timer/Counter 6 (TC8)
CONFIG_SAM34_PWM - Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Controller
CONFIG_SAM34_TWIM0 - Two-wire Master Interface 0 (TWIM0)
CONFIG_SAM34_TWIS0 - Two-wire Slave Interface 0 (TWIS0)
CONFIG_SAM34_TWIM1B - Two-wire Master Interface 1 (TWIM1)
CONFIG_SAM34_TWIS1 - Two-wire Slave Interface 1 (TWIS1)
CONFIG_SAM34_UART0 - UART 0
CONFIG_SAM34_UART1 - UART 1
CONFIG_SAM34_USART0 - USART 0
CONFIG_SAM34_USART1 - USART 1
CONFIG_SAM34_USART2 - USART 2
CONFIG_SAM34_USART3 - USART 3
CONFIG_SAM34_AFEC0 - Analog Front End 0
CONFIG_SAM34_AFEC1 - Analog Front End 1
CONFIG_SAM34_DACC - Digital-to-Analog Converter
CONFIG_SAM34_ACC - Analog Comparator
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC - Ethernet MAC
CONFIG_SAM34_CAN0 - CAN 0
CONFIG_SAM34_CAN1 - CAN 1
CONFIG_SAM34_SMC - Static Memory Controller
CONFIG_SAM34_NAND - NAND support
CONFIG_SAM34_PDCA - Peripheral DMA controller
CONFIG_SAM34_DMAC0 - DMA controller
CONFIG_SAM34_UDP - USB 2.0 Full-Speed device
CONFIG_SAM34_CHIPID - Chip ID
CONFIG_SAM34_RTC - Real Time Clock
CONFIG_SAM34_RTT - Real Time Timer
CONFIG_SAM34_WDT - Watchdog Timer
CONFIG_SAM34_EIC - Interrupt controller
CONFIG_SAM34_HSMCI - High Speed Multimedia Card Interface
Some subsystems can be configured to operate in different ways. The drivers
need to know how to configure the subsystem.
CONFIG_GPIOA_IRQ
CONFIG_GPIOB_IRQ
CONFIG_GPIOC_IRQ
CONFIG_GPIOD_IRQ
CONFIG_GPIOE_IRQ
CONFIG_GPIOF_IRQ
CONFIG_GPIOG_IRQ
CONFIG_GPIOH_IRQ
CONFIG_GPIOJ_IRQ
CONFIG_GPIOK_IRQ
CONFIG_GPIOL_IRQ
CONFIG_GPIOM_IRQ
CONFIG_GPION_IRQ
CONFIG_GPIOP_IRQ
CONFIG_GPIOQ_IRQ
CONFIG_USART0_ISUART
CONFIG_USART1_ISUART
CONFIG_USART2_ISUART
CONFIG_USART3_ISUART
SAM3U specific device driver settings
CONFIG_U[S]ARTn_SERIAL_CONSOLE - selects the USARTn (n=0,1,2,3) or UART
m (m=4,5) for the console and ttys0 (default is the USART1).
CONFIG_U[S]ARTn_RXBUFSIZE - Characters are buffered as received.
This specific the size of the receive buffer
CONFIG_U[S]ARTn_TXBUFSIZE - Characters are buffered before
being sent. This specific the size of the transmit buffer
CONFIG_U[S]ARTn_BAUD - The configure BAUD of the UART. Must be
CONFIG_U[S]ARTn_BITS - The number of bits. Must be either 7 or 8.
CONFIG_U[S]ARTn_PARTIY - 0=no parity, 1=odd parity, 2=even parity
CONFIG_U[S]ARTn_2STOP - Two stop bits
LCD Options. Other than the standard LCD configuration options
(see configs/README.txt), the SAM4E-EK driver also supports:
CONFIG_LCD_PORTRAIT - Present the display in the standard 240x320
"Portrait" orientation. Default: The display is rotated to
support a 320x240 "Landscape" orientation.
Configurations
==============
Information Common to All Configurations
----------------------------------------
Each SAM4E-EK configuration is maintained in a sub-directory and
can be selected as follow:
cd tools
./configure.sh sam4e-ek/<subdir>
cd -
. ./setenv.sh
Before sourcing the setenv.sh file above, you should examine it and perform
edits as necessary so that BUILDROOT_BIN is the correct path to the directory
than holds your toolchain binaries.
And then build NuttX by simply typing the following. At the conclusion of
the make, the nuttx binary will reside in an ELF file called, simply, nuttx.
make
The <subdir> that is provided above as an argument to the tools/configure.sh
must be is one of the following.
NOTES:
1. These configurations use the mconf-based configuration tool. To
change any of these configurations using that tool, you should:
a. Build and install the kconfig-mconf tool. See nuttx/README.txt
and misc/tools/
b. Execute 'make menuconfig' in nuttx/ in order to start the
reconfiguration process.
2. Unless stated otherwise, all configurations generate console
output on UART0 (J3).
3. All of these configurations are set up to build under Linux using the
EABI buildroot toolchain (unless stated otherwise in the description of
the configuration). That build selection can easily be reconfigured
using 'make menuconfig'. Here are the relevant current settings:
Build Setup:
CONFIG_HOST_LINUX=y : Linux or other pure POSIX invironment
System Type -> Toolchain:
CONFIG_ARMV7M_TOOLCHAIN_BUILDROOT=y : Buildroot toolchain
CONFIG_ARMV7M_OABI_TOOLCHAIN=n : EABI (Not OABI
If you want to use the Atmel GCC toolchain, for example, here are the
steps to do so:
Build Setup:
CONFIG_HOST_WINDOWS=y : Windows
CONFIG_HOST_CYGWIN=y : Using Cygwin or other POSIX environment
System Type -> Toolchain:
CONFIG_ARMV7M_TOOLCHAIN_GNU_EABIW=y : General GCC EABI toolchain under windows
Library Routines ->
CONFIG_CXX_NEWLONG=n : size_t is an unsigned int, not long
This re-configuration should be done before making NuttX or else the
subsequent 'make' will fail. If you have already attempted building
NuttX then you will have to 1) 'make distclean' to remove the old
configuration, 2) 'cd tools; ./configure.sh sam4e-ek/ksnh' to start
with a fresh configuration, and 3) perform the configuration changes
above.
Also, make sure that your PATH variable has the new path to your
Atmel tools. Try 'which arm-none-eabi-gcc' to make sure that you
are selecting the right tool. setenv.sh is available for you to
use to set or PATH variable. The path in the that file may not,
however, be correct for your installation.
See also the "NOTE about Windows native toolchains" in the section call
"GNU Toolchain Options" above.
Configuration sub-directories
-----------------------------
nsh:
Configures the NuttShell (nsh) located at examples/nsh. The
Configuration enables both the serial and telnetd NSH interfaces.
NOTES:
1. NSH built-in applications are supported. However, there are
no built-in applications built with the default configuration.
Binary Formats:
CONFIG_BUILTIN=y : Enable support for built-in programs
Applicaton Configuration:
CONFIG_NSH_BUILTIN_APPS=y : Enable starting apps from NSH command line
2. This configuration has the network enabled by default. This can be
easily disabled or reconfigured (See see the network related
configuration settings above in the section entitled "Networking").
NOTE: In boot-up sequence is very simple in this example; all
initialization is done sequential (vs. in parallel) and so you will
not see the NSH prompt until all initialization is complete. The
network bring-up in particular will add some delay before the NSH
prompt appears. In a real application, you would probably want to
do the network bringup on a separate thread so that access to the
NSH prompt is not delayed.
This delay will be especially long if the board is not connected to
a network because additional time will be required to fail with
timeout errors.
3. This configuration supports a network with fixed IP address. You
may have to change these settings for your network:
CONFIG_NSH_IPADDR=0x0a000002 : IP address: 10.0.0.2
CONFIG_NSH_DRIPADDR=0x0a000001 : Gateway: 10.0.0.1
CONFIG_NSH_NETMASK=0xffffff00 : Netmask: 255.255.255.0
You can also enable enable the DHCPC client for networks that use
dynamically assigned address:
CONFIG_NETUTILS_DHCPC=y : Enables the DHCP client
CONFIG_NET_UDP=y : Depends on broadcast UDP
CONFIG_NET_BROADCAST=y
CONFIG_NSH_DHCPC=y : Tells NSH to use DHCPC, not
: the fixed addresses
4. This configuration has the DMA-based SPI0 and AT25 Serial FLASH
support enabled by default. This can be easily disabled or
reconfigured (See see the configuration settings and usage notes
above in the section entitled "AT25 Serial FLASH").
5. This configuration has been used for verifying the touchscreen on
on the SAM4E-EK LCD. With these modifications, you can include the
touchscreen test program at apps/examples/touchscreen as an NSH built-in
application. You can enable the touchscreen and test by modifying the
default configuration in the following ways:
Device Drivers
CONFIG_SPI=y : Enable SPI support
CONFIG_SPI_EXCHANGE=y : The exchange() method is supported
CONFIG_SPI_OWNBUS=y : Smaller code if this is the only SPI device
CONFIG_INPUT=y : Enable support for input devices
CONFIG_INPUT_ADS7843E=y : Enable support for the XPT2046
CONFIG_ADS7843E_SPIDEV=2 : Use SPI CS 2 for communication
CONFIG_ADS7843E_SPIMODE=0 : Use SPI mode 0
CONFIG_ADS7843E_FREQUENCY=1000000 : SPI BAUD 1MHz
CONFIG_ADS7843E_SWAPXY=y : If landscpe orientation
CONFIG_ADS7843E_THRESHX=51 : These will probably need to be tuned
CONFIG_ADS7843E_THRESHY=39
System Type -> Peripherals:
CONFIG_SAM34_SPI0=y : Enable support for SPI
System Type:
CONFIG_GPIO_IRQ=y : GPIO interrupt support
CONFIG_GPIOA_IRQ=y : Enable GPIO interrupts from port A
RTOS Features:
CONFIG_DISABLE_SIGNALS=n : Signals are required
Library Support:
CONFIG_SCHED_WORKQUEUE=y : Work queue support required
Applicaton Configuration:
CONFIG_EXAMPLES_TOUCHSCREEN=y : Enable the touchscreen built-int test
Defaults should be okay for related touchscreen settings. Touchscreen
debug output on UART0 can be enabled with:
Build Setup:
CONFIG_DEBUG=y : Enable debug features
CONFIG_DEBUG_VERBOSE=y : Enable verbose debug output
CONFIG_DEBUG_INPUT=y : Enable debug output from input devices
6. Enabling HSMCI support. The SAM3U-KE provides a an SD memory card
slot. Support for the SD slot can be enabled with the following
settings:
System Type->ATSAM3/4 Peripheral Support
CONFIG_SAM34_HSMCI=y : Enable HSMCI support
CONFIG_SAM34_DMAC0=y : DMAC support is needed by HSMCI
System Type
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIO_IRQ=y : PIO interrupts needed
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOA_IRQ=y : Card detect pin is on PIOA
Device Drivers -> MMC/SD Driver Support
CONFIG_MMCSD=y : Enable MMC/SD support
CONFIG_MMSCD_NSLOTS=1 : One slot per driver instance
CONFIG_MMCSD_HAVECARDDETECT=y : Supports card-detect PIOs
CONFIG_MMCSD_SDIO=y : SDIO-based MMC/SD support
CONFIG_SDIO_DMA=y : Use SDIO DMA
CONFIG_SDIO_BLOCKSETUP=y : Needs to know block sizes
Library Routines
CONFIG_SCHED_WORKQUEUE=y : Driver needs work queue support
Application Configuration -> NSH Library
CONFIG_NSH_ARCHINIT=y : NSH board-initialization
STATUS:
2014-3-13: The basic NSH serial console is working. Network support
has been verified. HSMCI and touchscreen have not been tested (the
above notes came from the SAM3U-EK and have not been yet been tested
on the SAM4E-EK).
2014-3-14: The DMA-based SPI appears to be functional and can be used
to support a FAT file system on the AT25 Serial FLASH.
