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nuttx/drivers/mmcsd/mmcsd_spi.c
Gregory Nutt c5953bd0e9 Debugging and manuals (this one https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/pls/simplified_specs/part1_410.pdf 
and this one https://www.sdcard.org/downloads/pls/simplified_specs/part1_410.pdf) shows that ACMD23
must be preceeded with CMD55 command as any other ACMD commands.

Also, after the block reading wait loop must be inserted before writing the next block of data to
the sd card

From Dmitry Nikolaev via Jussi Kivilinna
2015-03-13 07:26:16 -06:00

2022 lines
56 KiB
C
Raw Blame History

/****************************************************************************
* drivers/mmcsd/mmcsd_spi.c
*
* Copyright (C) 2008-2010, 2011-2013 Gregory Nutt. All rights reserved.
* Author: Gregory Nutt <gnutt@nuttx.org>
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
*
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
* the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
* distribution.
* 3. Neither the name NuttX nor the names of its contributors may be
* used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
* LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
* FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
* COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
* BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
* OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
* AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
* ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*
****************************************************************************/
/****************************************************************************
* Included Files
****************************************************************************/
#include <nuttx/config.h>
#if defined (CONFIG_MMCSD) && defined (CONFIG_MMCSD_SPI)
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <debug.h>
#include <nuttx/arch.h>
#include <nuttx/clock.h>
#include <nuttx/spi/spi.h>
#include <nuttx/fs/fs.h>
#include <nuttx/mmcsd.h>
#include "mmcsd_spi.h"
#include "mmcsd_csd.h"
#include "mmcsd_internal.h"
/****************************************************************************
* Pre-Processor Definitions
****************************************************************************/
/* Configuration ************************************************************/
#ifndef CONFIG_MMCSD_NSLOTS
# ifdef CONFIG_CPP_HAVE_WARNING
# warning "CONFIG_MMCSD_NSLOTS not defined"
# endif
# define CONFIG_MMCSD_NSLOTS 1
#endif
#define MMCSD_IDMODE_CLOCK (400000)
#if defined(CONFIG_FS_WRITABLE) && !defined(CONFIG_MMCSD_READONLY)
# define MMCSD_MODE 0666
#else
# define MMCSD_MODE 0444
#endif
#ifndef CONFIG_MMCSD_SPICLOCK
# define CONFIG_MMCSD_SPICLOCK 20000000
#endif
#ifndef CONFIG_MMCSD_SPIMODE
# define CONFIG_MMCSD_SPIMODE SPIDEV_MODE0
#endif
#ifndef CONFIG_MMCSD_SECTOR512
# define CONFIG_MMCSD_SECTOR512 /* Force 512 byte sectors on all cards */
#endif
/* Slot struct info *********************************************************/
/* Slot status definitions */
#define MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_NOTREADY 0x01 /* Card not initialized */
#define MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_NODISK 0x02 /* No card in the slot */
#define MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_WRPROTECT 0x04 /* Card is write protected */
#define MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_MEDIACHGD 0x08 /* Media changed in slot */
/* Values in the MMC/SD command table ***************************************/
/* These define the value returned by the MMC/SD command */
#define MMCSD_CMDRESP_R1 0
#define MMCSD_CMDRESP_R1B 1
#define MMCSD_CMDRESP_R2 2
#define MMCSD_CMDRESP_R3 3
#define MMCSD_CMDRESP_R7 4
#ifdef CONFIG_MMCSD_SECTOR512
# define SECTORSIZE(s) (512)
#else
# define SECTORSIZE(s) ((s)->sectorsize)
#endif
/* Time delays in units of the system clock. CLK_TCK is the number of clock
* ticks per second.
*/
#define MMCSD_DELAY_10MS (CLK_TCK/100 + 1)
#define MMCSD_DELAY_50MS (CLK_TCK/20 + 1)
#define MMCSD_DELAY_100MS (CLK_TCK/10 + 1)
#define MMCSD_DELAY_250MS (CLK_TCK/4 + 1)
#define MMCSD_DELAY_500MS (CLK_TCK/2 + 1)
#define MMCSD_DELAY_1SEC (CLK_TCK + 1)
#define MMCSD_DELAY_10SEC (10 * CLK_TCK + 1)
#define ELAPSED_TIME(t) (clock_systimer()-(t))
#define START_TIME (clock_systimer())
/* SD read timeout: ~100msec, Write Time out ~250ms. Units of clock ticks */
#define SD_READACCESS MMCSD_DELAY_100MS
#define SD_WRITEACCESS MMCSD_DELAY_250MS
/****************************************************************************
* Private Types
****************************************************************************/
/* This structure represents the state of one card slot */
struct mmcsd_slot_s
{
FAR struct spi_dev_s *spi; /* SPI port bound to this slot */
sem_t sem; /* Assures mutually exclusive access to card and SPI */
uint8_t state; /* State of the slot (see MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_* definitions) */
uint8_t type; /* Disk type */
uint8_t csd[16]; /* Copy of card CSD */
#ifndef CONFIG_MMCSD_SECTOR512
uint16_t sectorsize; /* Media block size (in bytes) */
#endif
uint32_t nsectors; /* Number of blocks on the media */
uint32_t taccess; /* Card access time */
uint32_t twrite; /* Card write time */
uint32_t ocr; /* Last 4 bytes of OCR (R3) */
uint32_t r7; /* Last 4 bytes of R7 */
#ifndef CONFIG_SPI_OWNBUS
uint32_t spispeed; /* Speed to use for SPI in data mode */
#endif
};
struct mmcsd_cmdinfo_s
{
uint8_t cmd;
uint8_t resp;
uint8_t chksum;
};
/****************************************************************************
* Private Function Prototypes
****************************************************************************/
/* Misc *********************************************************************/
static void mmcsd_semtake(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot);
static void mmcsd_semgive(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot);
/* Card SPI interface *******************************************************/
#ifdef CONFIG_SPI_OWNBUS
static inline void mmcsd_spiinit(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot);
#else
# define mmcsd_spiinit(slot)
#endif
static int mmcsd_waitready(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot);
static uint32_t mmcsd_sendcmd(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot,
const struct mmcsd_cmdinfo_s *cmd, uint32_t arg);
static void mmcsd_setblklen(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot,
uint32_t length);
static uint32_t mmcsd_nsac(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot, uint8_t *csd,
uint32_t frequency);
static uint32_t mmcsd_taac(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot, uint8_t *csd);
static void mmcsd_decodecsd(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot, uint8_t *csd);
static void mmcsd_checkwrprotect(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot,
uint8_t *csd);
static int mmcsd_getcardinfo(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot,
uint8_t *buffer, const struct mmcsd_cmdinfo_s *cmd);
#define mmcsd_getcsd(slot, csd) mmcsd_getcardinfo(slot, csd, &g_cmd9);
#define mmcsd_getcid(slot, cid) mmcsd_getcardinfo(slot, cid, &g_cmd10);
static int mmcsd_recvblock(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot,
uint8_t *buffer, int nbytes);
#if defined(CONFIG_FS_WRITABLE) && !defined(CONFIG_MMCSD_READONLY)
static int mmcsd_xmitblock(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot,
const uint8_t *buffer, int nbytes, uint8_t token);
#endif
/* Block driver interfaces **************************************************/
static int mmcsd_open(FAR struct inode *inode);
static int mmcsd_close(FAR struct inode *inode);
static ssize_t mmcsd_read(FAR struct inode *inode, unsigned char *buffer,
size_t start_sector, unsigned int nsectors);
#if defined(CONFIG_FS_WRITABLE) && !defined(CONFIG_MMCSD_READONLY)
static ssize_t mmcsd_write(FAR struct inode *inode,
const unsigned char *buffer, size_t start_sector,
unsigned int nsectors);
#endif
static int mmcsd_geometry(FAR struct inode *inode,
struct geometry *geometry);
/* Initialization ***********************************************************/
static int mmcsd_mediainitialize(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot);
static void mmcsd_mediachanged(void *arg);
/****************************************************************************
* Private Data
****************************************************************************/
/* Driver state *************************************************************/
/* These are the lock driver methods supported by this file */
static const struct block_operations g_bops =
{
mmcsd_open, /* open */
mmcsd_close, /* close */
mmcsd_read, /* read */
#if defined(CONFIG_FS_WRITABLE) && !defined(CONFIG_MMCSD_READONLY)
mmcsd_write, /* write */
#else
NULL, /* write */
#endif
mmcsd_geometry, /* geometry */
NULL /* ioctl */
};
/* A slot structure allocated for each configured slot */
static struct mmcsd_slot_s g_mmcsdslot[CONFIG_MMCSD_NSLOTS];
/* Timing *******************************************************************/
/* We will use the TRAN_SPEED from the CSD to determine the maximum SPI
* clocking (TRAN_SPEED defines the maximum transfer rate per bit per data
* line).
*
* The CSD TRAN_SPEED is provided as a 3 bit rate unit (RU) and a 4 bit time
* value (TU). We need the transfer frequency which is: RU*TU bits/sec
*
* g_transpeedru holds RU/10 and g_transpeedtu holds TU*10 so that the
* correct value is returned in the product
*/
static const uint32_t g_transpeedru[8] =
{
10000, /* 0: 10 Kbit/sec / 10 */
100000, /* 1: 1 Mbit/sec / 10 */
1000000, /* 2: 10 Mbit/sec / 10 */
10000000, /* 3: 100 Mbit/sec / 10*/
0, 0, 0, 0 /* 4-7: Reserved values */
};
static const uint32_t g_transpeedtu[16] =
{
0, 10, 12, 13, /* 0-3: Reserved, 1.0, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 */
15, 20, 25, 30, /* 4-7: 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 */
35, 40, 45, 50, /* 8-11: 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0 */
55, 60, 70, 80, /* 12-15: 5.5, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0 */
};
/* The TAAC defines the asynchronous part of the data access time. The
* read access time the sum of the TAAC and the NSAC. These define the
* time from the end bit of the read command to start bit of the data block.
*
* The TAAC consists of a 3-bit time unit (TU) and a 4-bit time value (TV).
* TAAC is in units of time; NSAC is in units of SPI clocks.
* The access time we need is then given by:
*
* taccess = TU*TV + NSAC/spifrequency
*
* g_taactu holds TU in units of nanoseconds and microseconds (you have to
* use the index to distinguish). g_taactv holds TV with 8-bits of
* fraction.
*/
#define MAX_USTUNDX 2
static const uint16_t g_taactu[8] =
{
/* Units of nanoseconds */
1, /* 0: 1 ns */
10, /* 1: 10 ns */
100, /* 2: 100 ns */
/* Units of microseconds */
1, /* 3: 1 us 1,000 ns */
10, /* 4: 10 us 10,000 ns */
100, /* 5: 100 us 100,000 ns */
1000, /* 6: 1 ms 1,000,000 ns*/
10000, /* 7: 10 ms 10,000,000 ns */
};
static const uint16_t g_taactv[] =
{
0x000, 0x100, 0x133, 0x14d, /* 0-3: Reserved, 1.0, 1.2, 1.3 */
0x180, 0x200, 0x280, 0x300, /* 4-7: 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 */
0x380, 0x400, 0x480, 0x500, /* 8-11: 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0 */
0x580, 0x600, 0x700, 0x800 /* 12-15: 5.5, 6.0, 7.0, 8.0 */
};
/* Commands *****************************************************************/
static const struct mmcsd_cmdinfo_s g_cmd0 = {CMD0, MMCSD_CMDRESP_R1, 0x95};
static const struct mmcsd_cmdinfo_s g_cmd1 = {CMD1, MMCSD_CMDRESP_R1, 0xff};
static const struct mmcsd_cmdinfo_s g_cmd8 = {CMD8, MMCSD_CMDRESP_R7, 0x87};
static const struct mmcsd_cmdinfo_s g_cmd9 = {CMD9, MMCSD_CMDRESP_R1, 0xff};
static const struct mmcsd_cmdinfo_s g_cmd10 = {CMD10, MMCSD_CMDRESP_R1, 0xff};
static const struct mmcsd_cmdinfo_s g_cmd12 = {CMD12, MMCSD_CMDRESP_R1, 0xff};
static const struct mmcsd_cmdinfo_s g_cmd16 = {CMD16, MMCSD_CMDRESP_R1, 0xff};
static const struct mmcsd_cmdinfo_s g_cmd17 = {CMD17, MMCSD_CMDRESP_R1, 0xff};
static const struct mmcsd_cmdinfo_s g_cmd18 = {CMD18, MMCSD_CMDRESP_R1, 0xff};
static const struct mmcsd_cmdinfo_s g_cmd24 = {CMD24, MMCSD_CMDRESP_R1, 0xff};
static const struct mmcsd_cmdinfo_s g_cmd25 = {CMD25, MMCSD_CMDRESP_R1, 0xff};
static const struct mmcsd_cmdinfo_s g_cmd55 = {CMD55, MMCSD_CMDRESP_R1, 0xff};
static const struct mmcsd_cmdinfo_s g_cmd58 = {CMD58, MMCSD_CMDRESP_R3, 0xff};
static const struct mmcsd_cmdinfo_s g_acmd23 = {ACMD23, MMCSD_CMDRESP_R1, 0xff};
static const struct mmcsd_cmdinfo_s g_acmd41 = {ACMD41, MMCSD_CMDRESP_R1, 0xff};
/****************************************************************************
* Private Functions
****************************************************************************/
/****************************************************************************
* Name: mmcsd_semtake
****************************************************************************/
static void mmcsd_semtake(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot)
{
/* Get exclusive access to the SPI bus (if necessary) */
#ifndef CONFIG_SPI_OWNBUS
(void)SPI_LOCK(slot->spi, true);
/* Set the frequency, bit width and mode, as some other driver could have
* changed those since the last time that we had the SPI bus.
*/
SPI_SETFREQUENCY(slot->spi, slot->spispeed);
SPI_SETMODE(slot->spi, CONFIG_MMCSD_SPIMODE);
SPI_SETBITS(slot->spi, 8);
#endif
/* Get exclusive access to the MMC/SD device (possibly unnecessary if
* SPI_LOCK is also implemented as a semaphore).
*/
while (sem_wait(&slot->sem) != 0)
{
/* The only case that an error should occur here is if the wait was
* awakened by a signal.
*/
ASSERT(errno == EINTR);
}
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: mmcsd_semgive
****************************************************************************/
static void mmcsd_semgive(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot)
{
/* Relinquish the lock on the MMC/SD device */
sem_post(&slot->sem);
/* Relinquish the lock on the SPI bus */
#ifndef CONFIG_SPI_OWNBUS
/* The card may need up to 8 SCLK cycles to sample the CS status
* and release the MISO line.
*/
(void)SPI_SEND(slot->spi, 0xff);
/* Relinquish exclusive access to the SPI bus */
(void)SPI_LOCK(slot->spi, false);
#endif
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: mmcsd_spiinit
*
* Description:
* Set SPI mode and data width.
*
* Assumptions:
* MMC/SD card already selected
*
****************************************************************************/
#ifdef CONFIG_SPI_OWNBUS
static inline void mmcsd_spiinit(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot)
{
SPI_SETMODE(slot->spi, CONFIG_MMCSD_SPIMODE);
SPI_SETBITS(slot->spi, 8);
}
#endif
/****************************************************************************
* Name: mmcsd_waitready
*
* Description:
* Wait until the card is no longer busy
*
* Assumptions:
* MMC/SD card already selected
*
****************************************************************************/
static int mmcsd_waitready(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot)
{
FAR struct spi_dev_s *spi = slot->spi;
uint8_t response;
uint32_t start;
uint32_t elapsed;
/* Wait until the card is no longer busy (up to 500MS) */
start = START_TIME;
do
{
response = SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff);
if (response == 0xff)
{
return OK;
}
elapsed = ELAPSED_TIME(start);
}
while (elapsed < MMCSD_DELAY_500MS);
fdbg("Card still busy, last response: %02x\n", response);
return -EBUSY;
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: mmcsd_sendcmd
*
* Description:
* Send a command to MMC
*
* Assumptions:
* MMC/SD card already selected
*
****************************************************************************/
static uint32_t mmcsd_sendcmd(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot,
const struct mmcsd_cmdinfo_s *cmd, uint32_t arg)
{
FAR struct spi_dev_s *spi = slot->spi;
uint32_t result;
uint8_t response = 0xff;
int ret;
int i;
/* Wait until the card is not busy. Some SD cards will not enter the IDLE
* state until CMD0 is sent for the first time, switching the card to SPI
* mode. Having a pull-up resistor on MISO may avoid this problem, but
* this check makes it work also without the pull-up.
*/
ret = mmcsd_waitready(slot);
if (ret != OK && cmd != &g_cmd0)
{
return ret;
}
/* Send command code */
SPI_SEND(spi, cmd->cmd);
/* Send command's arguments (should be zero if there are no arguments) */
SPI_SEND(spi, (arg >> 24) & 0xff);
SPI_SEND(spi, (arg >> 16) & 0xff);
SPI_SEND(spi, (arg >> 8) & 0xff);
SPI_SEND(spi, arg & 0xff);
/* Send CRC if needed. The SPI interface is initialized in non-protected
* mode. However, the reset command (CMD0) and CMD8 are received by the
* card while it is still in SD mode and, therefore, must have a valid
* CRC field.
*/
SPI_SEND(spi, cmd->chksum);
/* Skip stuff byte on CMD12 */
if (cmd->cmd == CMD12)
{
SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff);
}
/* Get the response to the command. A valid response will have bit7=0.
* Usually, the non-response is 0xff, but I have seen 0xc0 too.
*/
for (i = 0; i < 9 && (response & 0x80) != 0; i++)
{
response = SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff);
}
if ((response & 0x80) != 0)
{
fdbg("Failed: i=%d response=%02x\n", i, response);
return (uint32_t)-1;
}
/* Interpret the response according to the command */
result = response;
switch (cmd->resp)
{
/* The R1B response is two bytes long */
case MMCSD_CMDRESP_R1B:
{
uint32_t busy = 0;
uint32_t start;
uint32_t elapsed;
start = START_TIME;
do
{
busy = SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff);
elapsed = ELAPSED_TIME(start);
}
while (elapsed < slot->twrite && busy != 0xff);
if (busy != 0xff)
{
fdbg("Failed: card still busy (%02x)\n", busy);
return (uint32_t)-1;
}
fvdbg("CMD%d[%08x] R1B=%02x\n",
cmd->cmd & 0x3f, arg, response);
}
break;
/* The R1 response is a single byte */
case MMCSD_CMDRESP_R1:
{
fvdbg("CMD%d[%08x] R1=%02x\n",
cmd->cmd & 0x3f, arg, response);
}
break;
/* The R2 response is two bytes long */
case MMCSD_CMDRESP_R2:
{
result = ((uint32_t)(response & 0xff) << 8);
result |= SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff) & 0xff;
fvdbg("CMD%d[%08x] R2=%04x\n",
cmd->cmd & 0x3f, arg, result);
}
break;
/* The R3 response is 5 bytes long. The first byte is identical to R1. */
case MMCSD_CMDRESP_R3:
{
slot->ocr = ((uint32_t)(SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff) & 0xff) << 24);
slot->ocr |= ((uint32_t)(SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff) & 0xff) << 16);
slot->ocr |= ((uint32_t)(SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff) & 0xff) << 8);
slot->ocr |= SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff) & 0xff;
fvdbg("CMD%d[%08x] R1=%02x OCR=%08x\n",
cmd->cmd & 0x3f, arg, response, slot->ocr);
}
break;
/* The R7 response is 5 bytes long. The first byte is identical to R1. */
case MMCSD_CMDRESP_R7:
default:
{
slot->r7 = ((uint32_t)(SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff) & 0xff) << 24);
slot->r7 |= ((uint32_t)(SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff) & 0xff) << 16);
slot->r7 |= ((uint32_t)(SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff) & 0xff) << 8);
slot->r7 |= SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff) & 0xff;
fvdbg("CMD%d[%08x] R1=%02x R7=%08x\n",
cmd->cmd & 0x3f, arg, response, slot->r7);
}
break;
}
return result;
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: mmcsd_setblklen
*
* Description:
* Set block length
*
* Assumptions:
* MMC/SD card already selected
*
****************************************************************************/
static void mmcsd_setblklen(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot, uint32_t length)
{
uint32_t response;
fvdbg("Set block length to %d\n", length);
response = mmcsd_sendcmd(slot, &g_cmd16, length);
if (response != MMCSD_SPIR1_OK)
{
fdbg("Failed to set block length: %02x\n", response);
}
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: mmcsd_nsac
*
* Description: Convert the value of the NSAC to microseconds
*
****************************************************************************/
static uint32_t mmcsd_nsac(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot, uint8_t *csd,
uint32_t frequency)
{
/* NSAC is 8-bits wide and is in units of 100 clock cycles. Therefore,
* the maximum value is 25.5K clock cycles.
*/
uint32_t nsac = MMCSD_CSD_NSAC(csd) * ((uint32_t)100*1000);
uint32_t fhkz = (frequency + 500) / 1000;
return (nsac + (fhkz >> 1)) / fhkz;
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: mmcsd_taac
*
* Description: Convert the value of the TAAC to microseconds
*
****************************************************************************/
static uint32_t mmcsd_taac(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot, uint8_t *csd)
{
int tundx;
/*The TAAC consists of a 3-bit time unit (TU) and a 4-bit time value (TV).
* TAAC is in units of time; NSAC is in units of SPI clocks.
* The access time we need is then given by:
*
* taccess = TU*TV + NSAC/spifrequency
*
* g_taactu holds TU in units of nanoseconds and microseconds (you have to
* use the index to distinguish. g_taactv holds TV with 8-bits of fraction.
*/
tundx = MMCSD_CSD_TAAC_TIMEUNIT(csd);
if (tundx <= MAX_USTUNDX)
{
/* The maximum value of the nanosecond TAAC is 800 ns. The rounded
* answer in microseconds will be at most 1.
*/
return 1;
}
else
{
/* Return the answer in microseconds */
return (g_taactu[tundx]*g_taactv[MMCSD_CSD_TAAC_TIMEVALUE(csd)] + 0x80) >> 8;
}
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: mmcsd_decodecsd
*
* Description:
*
****************************************************************************/
static void mmcsd_decodecsd(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot, uint8_t *csd)
{
FAR struct spi_dev_s *spi = slot->spi;
uint32_t maxfrequency;
uint32_t frequency;
uint32_t readbllen;
uint32_t csizemult;
uint32_t csize;
/* Calculate the SPI max clock frequency */
maxfrequency =
g_transpeedtu[MMCSD_CSD_TRANSPEED_TIMEVALUE(csd)] *
g_transpeedru[MMCSD_CSD_TRANSPEED_TRANSFERRATEUNIT(csd)];
/* Clip the max frequency to account for board limitations */
frequency = maxfrequency;
if (frequency > CONFIG_MMCSD_SPICLOCK)
{
frequency = CONFIG_MMCSD_SPICLOCK;
}
/* Set the actual SPI frequency as close as possible to the max frequency */
#ifndef CONFIG_SPI_OWNBUS
slot->spispeed = frequency;
#endif
frequency = SPI_SETFREQUENCY(spi, frequency);
/* Now determine the delay to access data */
if (slot->type == MMCSD_CARDTYPE_MMC)
{
/* The TAAC consists of a 3-bit time unit (TU) and a 4-bit time value
* (TV). TAAC is in units of time; NSAC is in units of SPI clocks.
* The access time we need is then given by:
*
* taccess = TU*TV + NSAC/spifrequency
*
* Example: TAAC = 1.5 ms, NSAC = 0, r2wfactor = 4, CLK_TCK=100
* taccessus = 1,500uS
* taccess = (1,500 * 100) / 100,000) + 1 = 2 (ideal, 1.5)
* twrite = (1,500 * 4 * 100) / 100,000) + 1 = 7 (ideal 6.0)
*
* First get the access time in microseconds
*/
uint32_t taccessus = mmcsd_taac(slot, csd) + mmcsd_nsac(slot, csd, frequency);
/* Then convert to system clock ticks. The maximum read access is 10 times
* the tacc value: taccess = 10 * (taccessus / 1,000,000) * CLK_TCK, or
*/
slot->taccess = (taccessus * CLK_TCK) / 100000 + 1;
/* NOTE that we add one to taccess to assure that we wait at least this
* time. The write access time is larger by the R2WFACTOR: */
slot->taccess = (taccessus * MMCSD_CSD_R2WFACTOR(csd) * CLK_TCK) / 100000 + 1;
}
else
{
/* For SD, the average is still given by the TAAC+NSAC, but the
* maximum are the constants 100 and 250MS
*/
slot->taccess = SD_READACCESS;
slot->twrite = SD_WRITEACCESS;
}
fvdbg("SPI Frequency\n");
fvdbg(" Maximum: %d Hz\n", maxfrequency);
fvdbg(" Actual: %d Hz\n", frequency);
fvdbg("Read access time: %d ticks\n", slot->taccess);
fvdbg("Write access time: %d ticks\n", slot->twrite);
/* Get the physical geometry of the card: sector size and number of
* sectors. The card's total capacity is computed from
*
* capacity = BLOCKNR * BLOCK_LEN
* BLOCKNR = (C_SIZE+1)*MULT
* MULT = 2**(C_SIZE_MULT+2) (C_SIZE_MULT < 8)
* BLOCK_LEN = 2**READ_BL_LEN (READ_BL_LEN < 12)
*
* Or
*
* capacity = ((C_SIZE+1) << (READD_BL_LEN + C_SIZE_MULT + 2))
*
* In units of the sector size (1 << READ_BL_LEN), then simplifies to
*
* nsectors = ((C_SIZE+1) << (C_SIZE_MULT + 2))
*/
if (MMCSD_CSD_CSDSTRUCT(csd) != 0)
{
/* SDC structure ver 2.xx */
/* Note: On SD card WRITE_BL_LEN is always the same as READ_BL_LEN */
readbllen = SD20_CSD_READBLLEN(csd);
csizemult = SD20_CSD_CSIZEMULT(csd) + 2;
csize = SD20_CSD_CSIZE(csd) + 1;
}
else
{
/* MMC or SD structure ver 1.xx */
/* Note: On SD card WRITE_BL_LEN is always the same as READ_BL_LEN */
readbllen = MMCSD_CSD_READBLLEN(csd);
csizemult = MMCSD_CSD_CSIZEMULT(csd) + 2;
csize = MMCSD_CSD_CSIZE(csd) + 1;
}
/* SDHC ver2.x cards have fixed block transfer size of 512 bytes. SDC
* ver1.x cards with capacity less than 1Gb, will have sector size
* 512 byes. SDC ver1.x cards with capacity of 2Gb will report readbllen
* of 1024 but should use 512 bytes for block transfers. SDC ver1.x 4Gb
* cards will report readbllen of 2048 bytes -- are they also 512 bytes?
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_MMCSD_SECTOR512
if (readbllen > 9)
{
csizemult += (readbllen - 9);
}
else
{
DEBUGASSERT(readbllen == 9);
}
#else
if (IS_SDV2(slot->type))
{
if (readbllen > 9)
{
fdbg("Forcing 512 byte sector size\n");
csizemult += (readbllen - 9);
readbllen = 9;
}
}
slot->sectorsize = 1 << readbllen;
#endif
slot->nsectors = csize << csizemult;
fvdbg("Sector size: %d\n", SECTORSIZE(slot));
fvdbg("Number of sectors: %d\n", slot->nsectors);
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: mmcsd_checkwrprotect
*
* Description:
*
****************************************************************************/
static void mmcsd_checkwrprotect(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot, uint8_t *csd)
{
FAR struct spi_dev_s *spi = slot->spi;
/* Check if (1) the slot is reporting that reporting that write protection
* is set, (2) the card reports permanent write protect, or (2) the card
* reports temporary write protect.
*/
if ((SPI_STATUS(spi, SPIDEV_MMCSD) & SPI_STATUS_WRPROTECTED) != 0 ||
MMCSD_CSD_PERMWRITEPROTECT(csd) ||
MMCSD_CSD_TMPWRITEPROTECT(csd))
{
slot->state |= MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_WRPROTECT;
}
else
{
slot->state &= ~MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_WRPROTECT;
}
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: mmcsd_getcardinfo
*
* Description:
* Read CSD or CID registers
*
* Assumptions:
* MMC/SD card already selected
*
****************************************************************************/
static int mmcsd_getcardinfo(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot, uint8_t *buffer,
const struct mmcsd_cmdinfo_s *cmd)
{
FAR struct spi_dev_s *spi = slot->spi;
uint32_t result;
uint8_t response;
int i;
SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff);
/* Send the CMD9 or CMD10 */
result = mmcsd_sendcmd(slot, cmd, 0);
if (result != MMCSD_SPIR1_OK)
{
fdbg("CMD9/10 failed: R1=%02x\n", result);
return -EIO;
}
/* Try up to 8 times to find the start of block (or until an error occurs) */
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
{
response = SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff);
fvdbg("%d. SPI send returned %02x\n", i, response);
/* If a read operation fails and the card cannot provide the requested
* data, it will send a data error token instead. The 4 least
* significant bits are the same as those in the R2 response.
*/
if (response != 0 && (response & MMCSD_SPIDET_UPPER) == 0)
{
fdbg("%d. Data transfer error: %02x\n", i, response);
return -EIO;
}
else if (response == MMCSD_SPIDT_STARTBLKSNGL)
{
for (i = 0; i < 16; ++i)
{
*buffer++ = SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff);
}
/* CRC receive */
SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff);
SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff);
return OK;
}
}
fdbg("%d. Did not find start of block\n");
return -EIO;
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: mmcsd_recvblock
*
* Description: Receive a data block from the card
*
****************************************************************************/
static int mmcsd_recvblock(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot, uint8_t *buffer,
int nbytes)
{
FAR struct spi_dev_s *spi = slot->spi;
uint32_t start;
uint32_t elapsed;
uint8_t token;
/* Wait up to the maximum to receive a valid data token. taccess is the
* time from when the command is sent until the first byte of data is
* received */
start = START_TIME;
do
{
token = SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff);
elapsed = ELAPSED_TIME(start);
}
while (token == 0xff && elapsed < slot->taccess);
if (token == MMCSD_SPIDT_STARTBLKSNGL)
{
/* Receive the block */
SPI_RECVBLOCK(spi, buffer, nbytes);
/* Discard the CRC */
SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff);
SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff);
return OK;
}
fdbg("Did not receive data token (%02x)\n", token);
return ERROR;
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: mmcsd_xmitblock
*
* Description: Transmit a data block to the card
*
****************************************************************************/
#if defined(CONFIG_FS_WRITABLE) && !defined(CONFIG_MMCSD_READONLY)
static int mmcsd_xmitblock(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot,
FAR const uint8_t *buffer, int nbytes,
uint8_t token)
{
FAR struct spi_dev_s *spi = slot->spi;
uint8_t response;
/* Start the block transfer:
* 1. 0xff (sync)
* 2. 0xfe or 0xfc (start of block token)
* 3. Followed by the block of data and 2 byte CRC
*/
SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff); /* sync */
SPI_SEND(spi, token); /* data token */
/* Transmit the block to the MMC/SD card */
(void)SPI_SNDBLOCK(spi, buffer, nbytes);
/* Add the bogus CRC. By default, the SPI interface is initialized in
* non-protected mode. However, we still have to send bogus CRC values
*/
SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff);
SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff);
/* Now get the data response */
response = SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff);
if ((response & MMCSD_SPIDR_MASK) != MMCSD_SPIDR_ACCEPTED)
{
fdbg("Bad data response: %02x\n", response);
return -EIO;
}
return OK;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_FS_WRITABLE && !CONFIG_MMCSD_READONLY */
/****************************************************************************
* Block Driver Operations
****************************************************************************/
/****************************************************************************
* Name: mmcsd_open
*
* Description: Open the block device
*
****************************************************************************/
static int mmcsd_open(FAR struct inode *inode)
{
FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot;
FAR struct spi_dev_s *spi;
int ret;
fvdbg("Entry\n");
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
if (!inode || !inode->i_private)
{
fdbg("Internal confusion\n");
return -EIO;
}
#endif
/* Extract our private data from the inode structure */
slot = (FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *)inode->i_private;
spi = slot->spi;
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
if (!spi)
{
fdbg("Internal confusion\n");
return -EIO;
}
#endif
/* Verify that an MMC/SD card has been inserted */
ret = -ENODEV;
mmcsd_semtake(slot);
if ((SPI_STATUS(spi, SPIDEV_MMCSD) & SPI_STATUS_PRESENT) != 0)
{
/* Yes.. a card is present. Has it been initialized? */
if (slot->type == MMCSD_CARDTYPE_UNKNOWN)
{
/* Initialize for the media in the slot */
ret = mmcsd_mediainitialize(slot);
if (ret < 0)
{
fvdbg("Failed to initialize card\n");
goto errout_with_sem;
}
}
/* Make sure that the card is ready */
SPI_SELECT(spi, SPIDEV_MMCSD, true);
ret = mmcsd_waitready(slot);
SPI_SELECT(spi, SPIDEV_MMCSD, false);
}
errout_with_sem:
mmcsd_semgive(slot);
return ret;
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: mmcsd_close
*
* Description: close the block device
*
****************************************************************************/
static int mmcsd_close(FAR struct inode *inode)
{
fvdbg("Entry\n");
return OK;
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: mmcsd_read
*
* Description: Read the specified numer of sectors
*
****************************************************************************/
static ssize_t mmcsd_read(FAR struct inode *inode, unsigned char *buffer,
size_t start_sector, unsigned int nsectors)
{
FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot;
FAR struct spi_dev_s *spi;
size_t nbytes;
off_t offset;
uint8_t response;
int i;
fvdbg("start_sector=%d nsectors=%d\n", start_sector, nsectors);
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
if (!buffer)
{
fdbg("Invalid parameters\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
if (!inode || !inode->i_private)
{
fdbg("Internal confusion\n");
return -EIO;
}
#endif
/* Extract our private data from the inode structure */
slot = (FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *)inode->i_private;
spi = slot->spi;
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
if (!spi)
{
fdbg("Internal confusion\n");
return -EIO;
}
#endif
/* Verify that card is available */
if (slot->state & MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_NOTREADY)
{
fdbg("Slot not ready\n");
return -ENODEV;
}
/* Do nothing on zero-length transfer */
if (nsectors < 1)
{
return 0;
}
/* Convert sector and nsectors to nbytes and byte offset */
nbytes = nsectors * SECTORSIZE(slot);
UNUSED(nbytes);
if (IS_BLOCK(slot->type))
{
offset = start_sector;
fvdbg("nbytes=%d sector offset=%d\n", nbytes, offset);
}
else
{
offset = start_sector * SECTORSIZE(slot);
fvdbg("nbytes=%d byte offset=%d\n", nbytes, offset);
}
/* Select the slave */
mmcsd_semtake(slot);
SPI_SELECT(spi, SPIDEV_MMCSD, true);
/* Single or multiple block read? */
if (nsectors == 1)
{
/* Send CMD17: Reads a block of the size selected by the SET_BLOCKLEN
* command and verify that good R1 status is returned
*/
response = mmcsd_sendcmd(slot, &g_cmd17, offset);
if (response != MMCSD_SPIR1_OK)
{
fdbg("CMD17 failed: R1=%02x\n", response);
goto errout_with_eio;
}
/* Receive the block */
if (mmcsd_recvblock(slot, buffer, SECTORSIZE(slot)) != 0)
{
fdbg("Failed: to receive the block\n");
goto errout_with_eio;
}
}
else
{
/* Send CMD18: Reads a block of the size selected by the SET_BLOCKLEN
* command and verify that good R1 status is returned
*/
response = mmcsd_sendcmd(slot, &g_cmd18, offset);
if (response != MMCSD_SPIR1_OK)
{
fdbg("CMD18 failed: R1=%02x\n", response);
goto errout_with_eio;
}
/* Receive each block */
for (i = 0; i < nsectors; i++)
{
if (mmcsd_recvblock(slot, buffer, SECTORSIZE(slot)) != 0)
{
fdbg("Failed: to receive the block\n");
goto errout_with_eio;
}
buffer += SECTORSIZE(slot);
}
/* Send CMD12: Stops transmission */
response = mmcsd_sendcmd(slot, &g_cmd12, 0);
}
/* On success, return the number of sectors transfer */
SPI_SELECT(spi, SPIDEV_MMCSD, false);
SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff);
mmcsd_semgive(slot);
fvdbg("Read %d bytes:\n", nbytes);
mmcsd_dumpbuffer("Read buffer", buffer, nbytes);
return nsectors;
errout_with_eio:
SPI_SELECT(spi, SPIDEV_MMCSD, false);
mmcsd_semgive(slot);
return -EIO;
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: mmcsd_write
*
* Description:
* Write the specified number of sectors
*
****************************************************************************/
#if defined(CONFIG_FS_WRITABLE) && !defined(CONFIG_MMCSD_READONLY)
static ssize_t mmcsd_write(FAR struct inode *inode, const unsigned char *buffer,
size_t start_sector, unsigned int nsectors)
{
FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot;
FAR struct spi_dev_s *spi;
size_t nbytes;
off_t offset;
uint8_t response;
int i;
fvdbg("start_sector=%d nsectors=%d\n", start_sector, nsectors);
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
if (!buffer)
{
fdbg("Invalid parameters\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
if (!inode || !inode->i_private)
{
fdbg("Internal confusion\n");
return -EIO;
}
#endif
/* Extract our private data from the inode structure */
slot = (FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *)inode->i_private;
spi = slot->spi;
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
if (!spi)
{
fdbg("Internal confusion\n");
return -EIO;
}
#endif
/* Verify that card is available */
if (slot->state & MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_NOTREADY)
{
fdbg("Slot not ready\n");
return -ENODEV;
}
/* Verify that the card is write enabled */
if (slot->state & MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_WRPROTECT)
{
fdbg("Not write enabled\n");
return -EACCES;
}
/* Do nothing on zero-length transfer */
if (nsectors < 1)
{
return 0;
}
/* Convert sector and nsectors to nbytes and byte offset */
nbytes = nsectors * SECTORSIZE(slot);
UNUSED(nbytes);
if (IS_BLOCK(slot->type))
{
offset = start_sector;
fvdbg("nbytes=%d sector offset=%d\n", nbytes, offset);
}
else
{
offset = start_sector * SECTORSIZE(slot);
fvdbg("nbytes=%d byte offset=%d\n", nbytes, offset);
}
mmcsd_dumpbuffer("Write buffer", buffer, nbytes);
/* Select the slave */
mmcsd_semtake(slot);
SPI_SELECT(spi, SPIDEV_MMCSD, true);
/* Single or multiple block transfer? */
if (nsectors == 1)
{
/* Send CMD24 (WRITE_BLOCK) and verify that good R1 status is returned */
response = mmcsd_sendcmd(slot, &g_cmd24, offset);
if (response != MMCSD_SPIR1_OK)
{
fdbg("CMD24 failed: R1=%02x\n", response);
goto errout_with_sem;
}
/* Then transfer the sector */
if (mmcsd_xmitblock(slot, buffer, SECTORSIZE(slot), 0xfe) != 0)
{
fdbg("Block transfer failed\n");
goto errout_with_sem;
}
}
else
{
/* Set the number of blocks to be pre-erased (SD only) */
if (IS_SD(slot->type))
{
response = mmcsd_sendcmd(slot, &g_cmd55, 0);
if (response != MMCSD_SPIR1_OK)
{
fdbg("CMD55 failed: R1=%02x\n", response);
goto errout_with_sem;
}
response = mmcsd_sendcmd(slot, &g_acmd23, nsectors);
if (response != MMCSD_SPIR1_OK)
{
fdbg("ACMD23 failed: R1=%02x\n", response);
goto errout_with_sem;
}
}
/* Send CMD25: Continuously write blocks of data until the
* transmission is stopped.
*/
response = mmcsd_sendcmd(slot, &g_cmd25, offset);
if (response != MMCSD_SPIR1_OK)
{
fdbg("CMD25 failed: R1=%02x\n", response);
goto errout_with_sem;
}
/* Transmit each block */
for (i = 0; i < nsectors; i++)
{
if (mmcsd_xmitblock(slot, buffer, SECTORSIZE(slot), 0xfc) != 0)
{
fdbg("Failed: to receive the block\n");
goto errout_with_sem;
}
buffer += SECTORSIZE(slot);
if (mmcsd_waitready(slot) != OK)
{
fdbg("Failed: card is busy\n");
goto errout_with_sem;
}
}
/* Send the stop transmission token */
SPI_SEND(spi, MMCSD_SPIDT_STOPTRANS);
}
/* Wait until the card is no longer busy */
(void)mmcsd_waitready(slot);
SPI_SELECT(spi, SPIDEV_MMCSD, false);
SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff);
mmcsd_semgive(slot);
/* The success return value is the number of sectors written */
return nsectors;
errout_with_sem:
SPI_SELECT(spi, SPIDEV_MMCSD, false);
mmcsd_semgive(slot);
return -EIO;
}
#endif
/****************************************************************************
* Name: mmcsd_geometry
*
* Description:
* Return device geometry
*
****************************************************************************/
static int mmcsd_geometry(FAR struct inode *inode, struct geometry *geometry)
{
FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot;
FAR struct spi_dev_s *spi;
uint8_t csd[16];
int ret;
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
if (!geometry)
{
fdbg("Invalid parameters\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
if (!inode || !inode->i_private)
{
fdbg("Internal confusion\n");
return -EIO;
}
#endif
/* Extract our private data from the inode structure */
slot = (FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *)inode->i_private;
spi = slot->spi;
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
if (!spi)
{
fdbg("Internal confusion\n");
return -EIO;
}
#endif
/* Re-sample the CSD */
mmcsd_semtake(slot);
SPI_SELECT(spi, SPIDEV_MMCSD, true);
ret = mmcsd_getcsd(slot, csd);
SPI_SELECT(spi, SPIDEV_MMCSD, false);
if (ret < 0)
{
mmcsd_semgive(slot);
fdbg("mmcsd_getcsd returned %d\n", ret);
return ret;
}
/* Check for changes related to write protection */
mmcsd_checkwrprotect(slot, csd);
/* Then return the card geometry */
geometry->geo_available =
((slot->state & (MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_NOTREADY|MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_NODISK)) == 0);
geometry->geo_mediachanged =
((slot->state & MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_MEDIACHGD) != 0);
#if defined(CONFIG_FS_WRITABLE) && !defined(CONFIG_MMCSD_READONLY)
geometry->geo_writeenabled =
((slot->state & MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_WRPROTECT) == 0);
#else
geometry->geo_writeenabled = false;
#endif
geometry->geo_nsectors = slot->nsectors;
geometry->geo_sectorsize = SECTORSIZE(slot);
/* After reporting mediachanged, clear the indication so that it is not
* reported again.
*/
slot->state &= ~MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_MEDIACHGD;
mmcsd_semgive(slot);
fvdbg("geo_available: %d\n", geometry->geo_available);
fvdbg("geo_mediachanged: %d\n", geometry->geo_mediachanged);
fvdbg("geo_writeenabled: %d\n", geometry->geo_writeenabled);
fvdbg("geo_nsectors: %d\n", geometry->geo_nsectors);
fvdbg("geo_sectorsize: %d\n", geometry->geo_sectorsize);
return OK;
}
/****************************************************************************
* Initialization
****************************************************************************/
/****************************************************************************
* Name: mmcsd_mediainitialize
*
* Description:
* Detect media and initialize
*
* Precondition:
* Semaphore has been taken.
****************************************************************************/
static int mmcsd_mediainitialize(FAR struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot)
{
FAR struct spi_dev_s *spi = slot->spi;
uint8_t csd[16];
uint32_t result = MMCSD_SPIR1_IDLESTATE;
uint32_t start;
uint32_t elapsed;
int i;
int j;
/* Assume that the card is not ready (we'll clear this on successful card
* initialization.
*/
slot->state |= MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_NOTREADY;
/* Check if there is a card present in the slot. This is normally a matter is
* of GPIO sensing and does not really involve SPI, but by putting this
* functionality in the SPI interface, we encapsulate the SPI MMC/SD
* interface
*/
if ((SPI_STATUS(spi, SPIDEV_MMCSD) & SPI_STATUS_PRESENT) == 0)
{
fdbg("No card present\n");
slot->state |= MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_NODISK;
return -ENODEV;
}
/* Clock Freq. Identification Mode < 400kHz */
#ifndef CONFIG_SPI_OWNBUS
slot->spispeed = MMCSD_IDMODE_CLOCK;
#endif
SPI_SETFREQUENCY(spi, MMCSD_IDMODE_CLOCK);
/* Set the maximum access time out */
slot->taccess = SD_READACCESS;
/* The SD card wakes up in SD mode. It will enter SPI mode if the chip
* select signal is asserted (negative) during the reception of the reset
* command (CMD0) and the card is in IDLE state.
*/
for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
{
/* After power up at least 74 clock cycles are required prior to
* starting bus communication
*/
for (j = 10; j; j--)
{
SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff);
}
/* Send CMD0 (GO_TO_IDLE) with CS asserted to put MMC/SD in
* IDLE/SPI mode. Return from CMD0 is R1 which should now
* show IDLE STATE
*/
fvdbg("Send CMD0\n");
SPI_SELECT(spi, SPIDEV_MMCSD, true);
result = mmcsd_sendcmd(slot, &g_cmd0, 0);
if (result == MMCSD_SPIR1_IDLESTATE)
{
/* Break out of the loop with card selected */
fvdbg("Card is in IDLE state\n");
break;
}
/* De-select card and try again */
SPI_SELECT(spi, SPIDEV_MMCSD, false);
}
/* Verify that we exit the above loop with the card reporting IDLE state */
if (result != MMCSD_SPIR1_IDLESTATE)
{
fdbg("Send CMD0 failed: R1=%02x\n", result);
SPI_SELECT(spi, SPIDEV_MMCSD, false);
mmcsd_semgive(slot);
return -EIO;
}
slot->type = MMCSD_CARDTYPE_UNKNOWN;
/* Check for SDHC Version 2.x. CMD 8 is reserved on SD version 1.0 and
* MMC.
*/
fvdbg("Send CMD8\n");
result = mmcsd_sendcmd(slot, &g_cmd8, 0x1aa);
if (result == MMCSD_SPIR1_IDLESTATE)
{
/* Verify the operating voltage and that the 0xaa was correctly echoed */
if (((slot->r7 & MMCSD_SPIR7_VOLTAGE_MASK) == MMCSD_SPIR7_VOLTAGE_27) &&
((slot->r7 & MMCSD_SPIR7_ECHO_MASK) == 0xaa))
{
/* Try CMD55/ACMD41 for up to 1 second or until the card exits
* the IDLE state
*/
start = START_TIME;
elapsed = 0;
do
{
fvdbg("%d. Send CMD55/ACMD41\n", elapsed);
result = mmcsd_sendcmd(slot, &g_cmd55, 0);
if (result == MMCSD_SPIR1_IDLESTATE || result == MMCSD_SPIR1_OK)
{
result = mmcsd_sendcmd(slot, &g_acmd41, (uint32_t)1 << 30);
if (result == MMCSD_SPIR1_OK)
{
break;
}
}
elapsed = ELAPSED_TIME(start);
}
while (elapsed < MMCSD_DELAY_1SEC);
/* Check if ACMD41 was sent successfully */
if (elapsed < MMCSD_DELAY_1SEC)
{
fvdbg("Send CMD58\n");
SPI_SEND(spi, 0xff);
result = mmcsd_sendcmd(slot, &g_cmd58, 0);
if (result == MMCSD_SPIR1_OK)
{
fvdbg("OCR: %08x\n", slot->ocr);
if ((slot->ocr & MMCSD_OCR_CCS) != 0)
{
fdbg("Identified SD ver2 card/with block access\n");
slot->type = MMCSD_CARDTYPE_SDV2|MMCSD_CARDTYPE_BLOCK;
}
else
{
fdbg("Identified SD ver2 card\n");
slot->type = MMCSD_CARDTYPE_SDV2;
}
}
}
}
}
/* Check for SDC version 1.x or MMC */
else
{
/* Both the MMC card and the SD card support CMD55 */
fvdbg("Send CMD55/ACMD41\n");
result = mmcsd_sendcmd(slot, &g_cmd55, 0);
if (result == MMCSD_SPIR1_IDLESTATE || result == MMCSD_SPIR1_OK)
{
/* But ACMD41 is supported only on SD */
result = mmcsd_sendcmd(slot, &g_acmd41, 0);
if (result == MMCSD_SPIR1_IDLESTATE || result == MMCSD_SPIR1_OK)
{
fdbg("Identified SD ver1 card\n");
slot->type = MMCSD_CARDTYPE_SDV1;
}
}
/* Make sure that we are out of the Idle state */
start = START_TIME;
elapsed = 0;
do
{
if (IS_SD(slot->type))
{
fvdbg("%d. Send CMD55/ACMD41\n", elapsed);
result = mmcsd_sendcmd(slot, &g_cmd55, 0);
if (result == MMCSD_SPIR1_IDLESTATE || result == MMCSD_SPIR1_OK)
{
result = mmcsd_sendcmd(slot, &g_acmd41, 0);
if (result == MMCSD_SPIR1_OK)
{
break;
}
}
}
else
{
fvdbg("%d. Send CMD1\n", i);
result = mmcsd_sendcmd(slot, &g_cmd1, 0);
if (result == MMCSD_SPIR1_OK)
{
fdbg("%d. Identified MMC card\n", i);
slot->type = MMCSD_CARDTYPE_MMC;
break;
}
}
elapsed = ELAPSED_TIME(start);
}
while (elapsed < MMCSD_DELAY_1SEC);
if (elapsed >= MMCSD_DELAY_1SEC)
{
fdbg("Failed to exit IDLE state\n");
SPI_SELECT(spi, SPIDEV_MMCSD, false);
mmcsd_semgive(slot);
return -EIO;
}
}
if (slot->type == MMCSD_CARDTYPE_UNKNOWN)
{
fdbg("Failed to identify card\n");
SPI_SELECT(spi, SPIDEV_MMCSD, false);
mmcsd_semgive(slot);
return -EIO;
}
/* Read CSD. CSD must always be valid */
fvdbg("Get CSD\n");
result = mmcsd_getcsd(slot, csd);
if (result != OK)
{
fdbg("mmcsd_getcsd(CMD9) failed: %d\n", result);
SPI_SELECT(spi, SPIDEV_MMCSD, false);
mmcsd_semgive(slot);
return -EIO;
}
mmcsd_dmpcsd(csd, slot->type);
/* CSD data and set block size */
mmcsd_decodecsd(slot, csd);
mmcsd_checkwrprotect(slot, csd);
/* SDHC ver2.x cards have fixed block transfer size of 512 bytes. SDC
* ver1.x cards with capacity less than 1Gb, will have sector size
* 512 byes. SDC ver1.x cards with capacity of 2Gb will report readbllen
* of 1024 but should use 512 bytes for block transfers. SDC ver1.x 4Gb
* cards will report readbllen of 2048 bytes -- are they also 512 bytes?
* I think that none of these high capacity cards support setting the
* block length??
*/
#ifdef CONFIG_MMCSD_SECTOR512
/* Using 512 byte sectors, the maximum ver1.x capacity is 4096 x 512 blocks.
* The saved slot->nsectors is converted to 512 byte blocks, so if slot->nsectors
* exceeds 4096 x 512, then we must be dealing with a card with read_bl_len
* of 1024 or 2048.
*/
if (!IS_SDV2(slot->type) && slot->nsectors <= ((uint32_t)4096*12))
{
/* Don't set the block len on high capacity cards (ver1.x or ver2.x) */
mmcsd_setblklen(slot, SECTORSIZE(slot));
}
#else
if (!IS_SDV2(slot->type))
{
/* Don't set the block len on ver2.x cards */
mmcsd_setblklen(slot, SECTORSIZE(slot));
}
#endif
slot->state &= ~MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_NOTREADY;
SPI_SELECT(spi, SPIDEV_MMCSD, false);
return OK;
}
/****************************************************************************
* Name: mmcsd_mediachanged
*
* Description:
* Handle initialization/media change events
*
****************************************************************************/
static void mmcsd_mediachanged(void *arg)
{
struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot = (struct mmcsd_slot_s*)arg;
FAR struct spi_dev_s *spi;
uint8_t oldstate;
int ret;
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
if (!slot || !slot->spi)
{
fdbg("Internal confusion\n");
return;
}
#endif
spi = slot->spi;
/* Save the current slot state and reassess the new state */
mmcsd_semtake(slot);
oldstate = slot->state;
/* Check if media was removed or inserted */
slot->state &= ~(MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_NODISK | MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_NOTREADY |
MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_MEDIACHGD);
if ((SPI_STATUS(spi, SPIDEV_MMCSD) & SPI_STATUS_PRESENT) == 0)
{
/* Media is not present */
fdbg("No card present\n");
slot->state |= (MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_NODISK|MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_NOTREADY);
/* Was media removed? */
if ((oldstate & MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_NODISK) == 0)
{
slot->state |= MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_MEDIACHGD;
}
}
/* Media is present, was it just inserted? Or, if it was previously not
* ready, then try re-initializing it
*/
else if ((oldstate & (MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_NODISK|MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_NOTREADY)) != 0)
{
/* (Re-)initialize for the media in the slot */
ret = mmcsd_mediainitialize(slot);
if (ret == 0)
{
fvdbg("mmcsd_mediainitialize returned OK\n");
slot->state |= MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_MEDIACHGD;
}
}
mmcsd_semgive(slot);
}
/****************************************************************************
* Public Functions
****************************************************************************/
/****************************************************************************
* Name: mmcsd_spislotinitialize
*
* Description:
* Initialize one slot for operation using the SPI MMC/SD interface
*
* Input Parameters:
* minor - The MMC/SD minor device number. The MMC/SD device will be
* registered as /dev/mmcsdN where N is the minor number
* slotno - The slot number to use. This is only meaningful for
* architectures that support multiple MMC/SD slots. This value must be
* in the range {0, ..., CONFIG_MMCSD_NSLOTS}.
* spi - And instance of an SPI interface obtained by called
* up_spiinitialize() with the appropriate port number (see spi.h)
*
****************************************************************************/
int mmcsd_spislotinitialize(int minor, int slotno, FAR struct spi_dev_s *spi)
{
struct mmcsd_slot_s *slot;
char devname[16];
int ret;
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
if ((unsigned)slotno >= CONFIG_MMCSD_NSLOTS || (unsigned)minor > 255 || !spi)
{
fdbg("Invalid arguments\n");
return -EINVAL;
}
#endif
/* Select the slot structure */
slot = &g_mmcsdslot[slotno];
memset(slot, 0, sizeof(struct mmcsd_slot_s));
sem_init(&slot->sem, 0, 1);
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG
if (slot->spi)
{
fdbg("Already registered\n");
return -EBUSY;
}
#endif
/* Bind the SPI port to the slot */
slot->spi = spi;
#ifndef CONFIG_SPI_OWNBUS
slot->spispeed = MMCSD_IDMODE_CLOCK;
#endif
/* Get exclusive access to the SPI bus and make sure that SPI is properly
* configured for the MMC/SD card
*/
mmcsd_semtake(slot);
mmcsd_spiinit(slot);
/* Initialize for the media in the slot (if any) */
ret = mmcsd_mediainitialize(slot);
mmcsd_semgive(slot);
if (ret == 0)
{
fvdbg("mmcsd_mediainitialize returned OK\n");
slot->state |= MMCSD_SLOTSTATUS_MEDIACHGD;
}
/* Create a MMC/SD device name */
snprintf(devname, 16, "/dev/mmcsd%d", minor);
/* Register the driver, even on a failure condition. A
* card may be inserted later, for example.
*/
ret = register_blockdriver(devname, &g_bops, MMCSD_MODE, slot);
if (ret < 0)
{
fdbg("register_blockdriver failed: %d\n", -ret);
slot->spi = NULL;
return ret;
}
/* Register a media change callback to handle insertion and
* removal of cards.
*/
(void)SPI_REGISTERCALLBACK(spi, mmcsd_mediachanged, (void*)slot);
return OK;
}
#endif /* defined (CONFIG_MMCSD) && defined (CONFIG_MMCSD_SPI) */
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