README
======
This README discusses issues unique to NuttX configurations for the Atmel
SAM4E-EK development. This board features the SAM4E16 MCU running at 96
or 120MHz.
Contents
========
- Development Environment
- GNU Toolchain Options
- IDEs
- NuttX EABI "buildroot" Toolchain
- NuttX OABI "buildroot" Toolchain
- NXFLAT Toolchain
- Atmel Studio 6.1
- Loading Code with J-Link
- Loading Code OpenOCD
- Writing to FLASH using SAM-BA
- LEDs
- Serial Console
- Networking Support
- AT25 Serial FLASH
- USB Full-Speed Device
- HSMCI
- Touchscreen
- ILI9325/41-Based LCD
- SAM4E-EK-specific Configuration Options
- Configurations
Development Environment
=======================
Either Linux or Cygwin on Windows can be used for the development environment.
The source has been built only using the GNU toolchain (see below). Other
toolchains will likely cause problems. Testing was performed using the Cygwin
environment.
GNU Toolchain Options
=====================
The NuttX make system can be configured to support the various different
toolchain options. All testing has been conducted using the NuttX buildroot
toolchain. To use alternative toolchain, you simply need to add change of
the following configuration options to your .config (or defconfig) file:
CONFIG_ARMV7M_TOOLCHAIN_CODESOURCERYW=y : CodeSourcery under Windows
CONFIG_ARMV7M_TOOLCHAIN_CODESOURCERYL=y : CodeSourcery under Linux
CONFIG_ARMV7M_TOOLCHAIN_ATOLLIC=y : Atollic toolchain for Windos
CONFIG_ARMV7M_TOOLCHAIN_DEVKITARM=y : devkitARM under Windows
CONFIG_ARMV7M_TOOLCHAIN_BUILDROOT=y : NuttX buildroot under Linux or Cygwin (default)
CONFIG_ARMV7M_TOOLCHAIN_GNU_EABIL=y : Generic GCC ARM EABI toolchain for Linux
CONFIG_ARMV7M_TOOLCHAIN_GNU_EABIW=y : Generic GCC ARM EABI toolchain for Windows
You may also have to modify the PATH in the setenv.h file if your
make cannot find the tools.
NOTE about Windows native toolchains
------------------------------------
There are basically three kinds of GCC toolchains that can be used:
1. A Linux native toolchain in a Linux environment,
2. The buildroot Cygwin tool chain built in the Cygwin environment,
3. A Windows native toolchain.
There are several limitations to using a Windows based toolchain (#3) in a
Cygwin environment. The three biggest are:
1. The Windows toolchain cannot follow Cygwin paths. Path conversions are
performed automatically in the Cygwin makefiles using the 'cygpath'
utility but you might easily find some new path problems. If so, check
out 'cygpath -w'
2. Windows toolchains cannot follow Cygwin symbolic links. Many symbolic
links are used in Nuttx (e.g., include/arch). The make system works
around these problems for the Windows tools by copying directories
instead of linking them. But this can also cause some confusion for
you: For example, you may edit a file in a "linked" directory and find
that your changes had no effect. That is because you are building the
copy of the file in the "fake" symbolic directory. If you use a
Windows toolchain, you should get in the habit of making like this:
make clean_context all
An alias in your .bashrc file might make that less painful.
IDEs
====
NuttX is built using command-line make. It can be used with an IDE, but some
effort will be required to create the project.
Makefile Build
--------------
Under Eclipse, it is pretty easy to set up an "empty makefile project" and
simply use the NuttX makefile to build the system. That is almost for free
under Linux. Under Windows, you will need to set up the "Cygwin GCC" empty
makefile project in order to work with Windows (Google for "Eclipse Cygwin" -
there is a lot of help on the internet).
Native Build
------------
Here are a few tips before you start that effort:
1) Select the toolchain that you will be using in your .config file
2) Start the NuttX build at least one time from the Cygwin command line
before trying to create your project. This is necessary to create
certain auto-generated files and directories that will be needed.
3) Set up include pathes: You will need include/, arch/arm/src/sam34,
arch/arm/src/common, arch/arm/src/armv7-m, and sched/.
4) All assembly files need to have the definition option -D __ASSEMBLY__
on the command line.
Startup files will probably cause you some headaches. The NuttX startup file
is arch/arm/src/sam34/sam_vectors.S. You may need to build NuttX
one time from the Cygwin command line in order to obtain the pre-built
startup object needed by an IDE.
NuttX EABI "buildroot" Toolchain
================================
A GNU GCC-based toolchain is assumed. The files */setenv.sh should
be modified to point to the correct path to the Cortex-M3 GCC toolchain (if
different from the default in your PATH variable).
If you have no Cortex-M3 toolchain, one can be downloaded from the NuttX
Bitbucket download site (https://bitbucket.org/nuttx/buildroot/downloads/).
This GNU toolchain builds and executes in the Linux or Cygwin environment.
1. You must have already configured Nuttx in <some-dir>/nuttx.
cd tools
./configure.sh sam4e-ek/<sub-dir>
2. Download the latest buildroot package into <some-dir>
3. unpack the buildroot tarball. The resulting directory may
have versioning information on it like buildroot-x.y.z. If so,
rename <some-dir>/buildroot-x.y.z to <some-dir>/buildroot.
4. cd <some-dir>/buildroot
5. cp configs/cortexm3-eabi-defconfig-4.6.3 .config
6. make oldconfig
7. make
8. Edit setenv.h, if necessary, so that the PATH variable includes
the path to the newly built binaries.
See the file configs/README.txt in the buildroot source tree. That has more
details PLUS some special instructions that you will need to follow if you are
building a Cortex-M3 toolchain for Cygwin under Windows.
NOTE: Unfortunately, the 4.6.3 EABI toolchain is not compatible with the
the NXFLAT tools. See the top-level TODO file (under "Binary loaders") for
more information about this problem. If you plan to use NXFLAT, please do not
use the GCC 4.6.3 EABI toochain; instead use the GCC 4.3.3 OABI toolchain.
See instructions below.
NuttX OABI "buildroot" Toolchain
================================
The older, OABI buildroot toolchain is also available. To use the OABI
toolchain:
1. When building the buildroot toolchain, either (1) modify the cortexm3-eabi-defconfig-4.6.3
configuration to use EABI (using 'make menuconfig'), or (2) use an exising OABI
configuration such as cortexm3-defconfig-4.3.3
2. Modify the Make.defs file to use the OABI conventions:
+CROSSDEV = arm-nuttx-elf-
+ARCHCPUFLAGS = -mtune=cortex-m3 -march=armv7-m -mfloat-abi=soft
+NXFLATLDFLAGS2 = $(NXFLATLDFLAGS1) -T$(TOPDIR)/binfmt/libnxflat/gnu-nxflat-gotoff.ld -no-check-sections
-CROSSDEV = arm-nuttx-eabi-
-ARCHCPUFLAGS = -mcpu=cortex-m3 -mthumb -mfloat-abi=soft
-NXFLATLDFLAGS2 = $(NXFLATLDFLAGS1) -T$(TOPDIR)/binfmt/libnxflat/gnu-nxflat-pcrel.ld -no-check-sections
NXFLAT Toolchain
================
If you are *not* using the NuttX buildroot toolchain and you want to use
the NXFLAT tools, then you will still have to build a portion of the buildroot
tools -- just the NXFLAT tools. The buildroot with the NXFLAT tools can
be downloaded from the NuttX Bitbucket download site
(https://bitbucket.org/nuttx/nuttx/downloads/).
This GNU toolchain builds and executes in the Linux or Cygwin environment.
1. You must have already configured Nuttx in <some-dir>/nuttx.
cd tools
./configure.sh sam4e-ek/<sub-dir>
2. Download the latest buildroot package into <some-dir>
3. unpack the buildroot tarball. The resulting directory may
have versioning information on it like buildroot-x.y.z. If so,
rename <some-dir>/buildroot-x.y.z to <some-dir>/buildroot.
4. cd <some-dir>/buildroot
5. cp configs/cortexm3-defconfig-nxflat .config
6. make oldconfig
7. make
8. Edit setenv.h, if necessary, so that the PATH variable includes
the path to the newly builtNXFLAT binaries.
Atmel Studio 6.1
================
You can use Atmel Studio 6.1 to load and debug code.
- To load code into FLASH:
Tools menus: Tools -> Device Programming.
Configure the debugger and chip and you are in business.
- Debugging the NuttX Object File:
1) Rename object file from nuttx to nuttx.elf. That is an extension that
will be recognized by the file menu.
2) Select the project name, the full path to the NuttX object (called
just nuttx with no extension), and chip. Take the time to resolve
all of the source file linkages or else you will not have source
level debug!
File menu: File -> Open -> Open object file for debugging
- Select nuttx.elf object file
- Select AT91SAM4E16
- Select files for symbols as desired
- Select debugger
3) Debug menu: Debug -> Start debugging and break
- This will reload the nuttx.elf file into FLASH
STATUS: At this point, Atmel Studio 6.1 claims that my object files are
not readable. A little more needs to be done to wring out this procedure.
Loading Code with J-Link
========================
Loading code with the Segger tools and GDB
------------------------------------------
1) Change directories into the directory where you built NuttX.
2) Start the GDB server and wait until it is ready to accept GDB
connections.
3) Then run GDB like this:
$ arm-none-eabi-gdb
(gdb) target remote localhost:2331
(gdb) mon reset
(gdb) load nuttx
(gdb) ... start debugging ...
Loading code using J-Link Commander
----------------------------------
J-Link> r
J-Link> loadbin <file> <address>
J-Link> setpc <address of __start>
J-Link> ... start debugging ...
STATUS: As of this writing, I have not been successful writing to FLASH
using the GDB server; the write succeeds with no complaints, but the contents
of the FLASH memory remain unchanged. This may be because of issues with
GPNVM1 settings and flash lock bits? In any event, the GDB server works
great for debugging after writing the program to FLASH using SAM-BA.
Loading Code OpenOCD
====================
OpenOCD scripts are available in the configs/sam4e-ek/tools directory.
These scripts were used with OpenOCD 0.8.0. If you use a version after
OpenOCD 0.8.0, then you should comment out the following lines in the
openocd.cfg file:
# set CHIPNAME SAM4E16E
# source [find target/at91sam4sXX.cfg]
And uncomment this line:
source [find board/atmel_sam4e_ek.cfg]
This have been reported to work under Linux, but I have not been
successful using it under Windows OpenOCD 0.8.0 with libUSB. I get
Open On-Chip Debugger 0.8.0 (2014-04-28-08:42)
...
Error: libusb_open() failed with LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED
Error: Cannot find jlink Interface! Please check connection and permissions.
...
This is telling me that the Segger J-Link USB driver is incompatible
with libUSB. It may be necessary to replace the Segger J-Link driver
with the driver from libusb-win32-device-bin on sourceforge.
- Go into Control Panel/System/Device Manager and update the J-Link
driver to point at the new jlink.inf file made with the
libusb-win32/bin inf-wizard. Browse to the unsigned driver
pointed to by the inf, libusb0.dll from the libusb-win32-device-bin
distribution to complete the installation.
- The Segger driver appeared under "Universal Serial Bus Controllers"
in Device Manager (winXP) while the libusb-win32 driver appears as
new top level Dev Mgr category "LibUSB-Win32 Devices".
Writing to FLASH using SAM-BA
=============================
Assumed starting configuration:
1. You have installed the J-Link USB driver
Using SAM-BA to write to FLASH:
1. Start the SAM-BA application, selecting (1) the SAM-ICE/J-Link
port, and (2) board = at91sam4e16-ek.
2. The SAM-BA menu should appear.
3. Select the FLASH tab and enable FLASH access
4. "Send" the file to flash
5. Enable "Boot from Flash (GPNVM1)
6. Reset the board.
STATUS: Works great!
LEDs
====
The SAM4E-EK board has three, user-controllable LEDs labelled D2 (blue),
D3 (amber), and D4 (green) on the board. Usage of these LEDs is defined
in include/board.h and src/up_leds.c. They are encoded as follows:
SYMBOL Meaning D3* D2 D4
------------------- ----------------------- ------- ------- -------
LED_STARTED NuttX has been started OFF OFF OFF
LED_HEAPALLOCATE Heap has been allocated OFF OFF ON
LED_IRQSENABLED Interrupts enabled OFF ON OFF
LED_STACKCREATED Idle stack created OFF ON ON
LED_INIRQ In an interrupt** N/C FLASH N/C
LED_SIGNAL In a signal handler*** N/C N/C FLASH
LED_ASSERTION An assertion failed FLASH N/C N/C
LED_PANIC The system has crashed FLASH N/C N/C
* If D2 and D4 are statically on, then NuttX probably failed to boot
and these LEDs will give you some indication of where the failure was
** The normal state is D3=OFF, D4=ON and D2 faintly glowing. This faint
glow is because of timer interrupts that result in the LED being
illuminated on a small proportion of the time.
*** D4 may also flicker normally if signals are processed.
Serial Console
==============
By default, all of these configurations use UART0 for the NuttX serial
console. UART0 corresponds to the DB-9 connector J17 labelled "DBGU".
This is a male connector and will require a female-to-female, NUL modem
cable to connect to a PC.
An alternate is USART1 which connects to the other DB-9 connector labelled
"USART1". USART1 is not enabled by default unless specifically noted
otherwise in the configuration description. A NUL modem cable must be
used with the port as well.
NOTE: To avoid any electrical conflict, the RS232 and RS485 transceiver
are isolated from the receiving line PA21.
- Chose RS485 channel: Close 1-2 pins on JP11 and set PA23 to high level
- Chose RS232 channel: Close 2-3 pins on JP11 and set PA23 to low level
By default serial console is configured for 115000, 8-bit, 1 stop bit, and
no parity.
Networking Support
==================
Networking support via the can be added to NSH by selecting the following
configuration options.
Selecting the EMAC peripheral
-----------------------------
System Type -> SAM34 Peripheral Support
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC=y : Enable the EMAC peripheral
System Type -> EMAC device driver options
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_NRXBUFFERS=16 : Set aside some RS and TX buffers
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_NTXBUFFERS=4
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_PHYADDR=1 : KSZ8051 PHY is at address 1
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_AUTONEG=y : Use autonegotiation
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_MII=y : Only the MII interface is supported
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_PHYSR=30 : Address of PHY status register on KSZ8051
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_PHYSR_ALTCONFIG=y : Needed for KSZ8051
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_PHYSR_ALTMODE=0x7 : " " " " " "
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_PHYSR_10HD=0x1 : " " " " " "
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_PHYSR_100HD=0x2 : " " " " " "
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_PHYSR_10FD=0x5 : " " " " " "
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC_PHYSR_100FD=0x6 : " " " " " "
PHY selection. Later in the configuration steps, you will need to select
the KSZ8051 PHY for EMAC (See below)
Networking Support
CONFIG_NET=y : Enable Neworking
CONFIG_NET_SOCKOPTS=y : Enable socket operations
CONFIG_NET_ETH_MTU=562 : Maximum packet size (MTU) 1518 is more standard
CONFIG_NET_ETH_TCP_RECVWNDO=536 : Should be the same as CONFIG_NET_ETH_MTU
CONFIG_NET_TCP=y : Enable TCP/IP networking
CONFIG_NET_TCPBACKLOG=y : Support TCP/IP backlog
CONFIG_NET_TCP_READAHEAD_BUFSIZE=536 Read-ahead buffer size
CONFIG_NET_UDP=y : Enable UDP networking
CONFIG_NET_BROADCAST=y : Needed for DNS name resolution
CONFIG_NET_ICMP=y : Enable ICMP networking
CONFIG_NET_ICMP_PING=y : Needed for NSH ping command
: Defaults should be okay for other options
Device drivers -> Network Device/PHY Support
CONFIG_NETDEVICES=y : Enabled PHY selection
CONFIG_ETH0_PHY_KSZ8051=y : Select the KSZ8051 PHY (for EMAC)
Application Configuration -> Network Utilities
CONFIG_NETDB_DNSCLIENT=y : Enable host address resolution
CONFIG_NETUTILS_TELNETD=y : Enable the Telnet daemon
CONFIG_NETUTILS_TFTPC=y : Enable TFTP data file transfers for get and put commands
CONFIG_NETUTILS_NETLIB=y : Network library support is needed
CONFIG_NETUTILS_WEBCLIENT=y : Needed for wget support
: Defaults should be okay for other options
Application Configuration -> NSH Library
CONFIG_NSH_TELNET=y : Enable NSH session via Telnet
CONFIG_NSH_IPADDR=0x0a000002 : Select a fixed IP address
CONFIG_NSH_DRIPADDR=0x0a000001 : IP address of gateway/host PC
CONFIG_NSH_NETMASK=0xffffff00 : Netmask
CONFIG_NSH_NOMAC=y : Need to make up a bogus MAC address
: Defaults should be okay for other options
You can also enable enable the DHCPC client for networks that use
dynamically assigned address:
Application Configuration -> Network Utilities
CONFIG_NETUTILS_DHCPC=y : Enables the DHCP client
Networking Support
CONFIG_NET_UDP=y : Depends on broadcast UDP
Application Configuration -> NSH Library
CONFIG_NET_BROADCAST=y
CONFIG_NSH_DHCPC=y : Tells NSH to use DHCPC, not
: the fixed addresses
Using the network with NSH
--------------------------
So what can you do with this networking support? First you see that
NSH has several new network related commands:
ifconfig, ifdown, ifup: Commands to help manage your network
get and put: TFTP file transfers
wget: HTML file transfers
ping: Check for access to peers on the network
Telnet console: You can access the NSH remotely via telnet.
You can also enable other add on features like full FTP or a Web
Server or XML RPC and others. There are also other features that
you can enable like DHCP client (or server) or network name
resolution.
By default, the IP address of the SAM4E-EK will be 10.0.0.2 and
it will assume that your host is the gateway and has the IP address
10.0.0.1.
nsh> ifconfig
eth0 HWaddr 00:e0:de:ad:be:ef at UP
IPaddr:10.0.0.2 DRaddr:10.0.0.1 Mask:255.255.255.0
You can use ping to test for connectivity to the host (Careful,
Window firewalls usually block ping-related ICMP traffic). On the
target side, you can:
nsh> ping 10.0.0.1
PING 10.0.0.1 56 bytes of data
56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=1 time=0 ms
56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=2 time=0 ms
56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=3 time=0 ms
56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=4 time=0 ms
56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=5 time=0 ms
56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=6 time=0 ms
56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=7 time=0 ms
56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=8 time=0 ms
56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=9 time=0 ms
56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=10 time=0 ms
10 packets transmitted, 10 received, 0% packet loss, time 10100 ms
NOTE: In this configuration is is normal to have packet loss > 0%
the first time you ping due to the default handling of the ARP
table.
On the host side, you should also be able to ping the SAM4E-EK:
$ ping 10.0.0.2
You can also log into the NSH from the host PC like this:
$ telnet 10.0.0.2
Trying 10.0.0.2...
Connected to 10.0.0.2.
Escape character is '^]'.
sh_telnetmain: Session [3] Started
NuttShell (NSH) NuttX-6.31
nsh> help
help usage: help [-v] [<cmd>]
[ echo ifconfig mkdir mw sleep
? exec ifdown mkfatfs ping test
cat exit ifup mkfifo ps umount
cp free kill mkrd put usleep
cmp get losetup mh rm wget
dd help ls mount rmdir xd
df hexdump mb mv sh
Builtin Apps:
nsh>
NOTE: If you enable this feature, you experience a delay on booting.
That is because the start-up logic waits for the network connection
to be established before starting NuttX. In a real application, you
would probably want to do the network bringup on a separate thread
so that access to the NSH prompt is not delayed.
This delay will be especially long if the board is not connected to
a network because additional time will be required to fail with timeout
errors.
This delay will be especially long if the board is not connected to
a network. On the order of a minute! You will probably think that
NuttX has crashed! And then, when it finally does come up, the
network will not be available.
Network Initialization Thread
-----------------------------
There is a configuration option enabled by CONFIG_NSH_NETINIT_THREAD
that will do the NSH network bring-up asynchronously in parallel on
a separate thread. This eliminates the (visible) networking delay
altogether. This current implementation, however, has some limitations:
- If no network is connected, the network bring-up will fail and
the network initialization thread will simply exit. There are no
retries and no mechanism to know if the network initialization was
successful (it could perform a network Ioctl to see if the link is
up and it now, keep trying, but it does not do that now).
- Furthermore, there is currently no support for detecting loss of
network connection and recovery of the connection (similarly, this
thread could poll periodically for network status, but does not).
Both of these shortcomings could be eliminated by enabling the network
monitor. See the SAMA5 configurations for a description of what it would
take to incorporate the network monitor feature.
AT25 Serial FLASH
=================
Connections
-----------
Both the SAM4E-EK include an Atmel AT25DF321A, 32-megabit, 2.7-volt
SPI serial flash. The SPI
connection is as follows:
------ ------- ---------------
SAM4E AT25 SAM4E
GPIO PIN FUNCTION
------ ------- ---------------
PA13 SI MOSI
PA12 SO MIS0
PA14 SCK SPCK
PA5 /CS NPCS3 (pulled high externally)
------ ------- ---------------
Configuration
-------------
Support for the serial FLASH can be enabled in these configurations. These
are the relevant configuration settings. These settings (1) Enable SPI0,
(2) Enable DMAC0 to support DMA transfers on SPI for best performance,
(3) Enable the AT25 Serial FLASH, and (3) Set up NuttX to configure the
file system on the AT25 FLASH:
System Type -> ATSAM3/4 Peripheral Support
CONFIG_SAM34_SPI0=y : Enable SPI0
CONFIG_SAM34_DMAC0=y : Enable DMA controller 0
System Type -> SPI device driver options
CONFIG_SAM34_SPI_DMA=y : Use DMA for SPI transfers
CONFIG_SAM34_SPI_DMATHRESHOLD=4 : Don't DMA for small transfers
Device Drivers -> SPI Driver Support
CONFIG_SPI=y : Enable SPI support
CONFIG_SPI_EXCHANGE=y : Support the exchange method
Device Drivers -> Memory Technology Device (MTD) Support
CONFIG_MTD=y : Enable MTD support
CONFIG_MTD_AT25=y : Enable the AT25 driver
CONFIG_AT25_SPIMODE=0 : Use SPI mode 0
CONFIG_AT25_SPIFREQUENCY=20000000 : Use SPI frequency 12MHz
The AT25 is capable of operation at 20MHz. However, if you experience
any issues with the AT25, then lower this frequency may give more
predictable performance.
File Systems -> FAT
CONFIG_FS_FAT=y : Enable and configure FAT
CONFIG_FAT_LCNAMES=y : Upper/lower case names
CONFIG_FAT_LFN=y : Long file name support (See NOTE)
CONFIG_FAT_MAXFNAME=32 : Limit filename sizes to 32 bytes
NOTE: Use care if you plan to use FAT long file name feature in a product;
There are issues with certain Microsoft patents on the long file name
technology.
Application Configuration -> NSH Library
CONFIG_NSH_ARCHINIT=y : NSH board-initialization
Board Selection
CONFIG_SAM4EEK_AT25_BLOCKMOUNT=y : Mounts AT25 for NSH
CONFIG_SAM4EEK_AT25_FTL=y : Create block driver for FAT
You can then format the AT25 FLASH for a FAT file system and mount the
file system at /mnt/at25 using these NSH commands:
nsh> mkfatfs /dev/mtdblock0
nsh> mount -t vfat /dev/mtdblock0 /mnt/at25
Then you an use the FLASH as a normal FAT file system:
nsh> echo "This is a test" >/mnt/at25/atest.txt
nsh> ls -l /mnt/at25
/mnt/at25:
-rw-rw-rw- 16 atest.txt
nsh> cat /mnt/at25/atest.txt
This is a test
USB Full-Speed Device
=====================
Basic USB Full-Speed Device Configuration
-----------------------------------------
Support the USB full-speed device (UDP) driver can be enabled with these
NuttX configuration settings.
Device Drivers -> USB Device Driver Support
CONFIG_USBDEV=y : Enable USB device support
CONFIG_USBDEV_DUALSPEED=n : Device does not support High-Speed
CONFIG_USBDEV_DMA=n : Device does not use DMA
System Type -> ATSAM3/4 Peripheral Support
CONFIG_SAM34_UDP=y : Enable UDP Full Speed USB device
Application Configuration -> NSH Library
CONFIG_NSH_ARCHINIT=y : NSH board-initialization
Mass Storage Class
------------------
The Mass Storage Class (MSC) class driver can be selected for use with
UDP. Note: The following assumes that the internal AT25 Serial FLASH
is configured to support a FAT file system through an FTL layer as
described about under "AT25 Serial FLASH".
Device Drivers -> USB Device Driver Support
CONFIG_USBMSC=y : Enable the USB MSC class driver
CONFIG_USBMSC_EPBULKOUT=1 : Use EP1 for the BULK OUT endpoint
CONFIG_USBMSC_EPBULKIN=2 : Use EP2 for the BULK IN endpoint
CONFIG_USBMSC_BULKINREQLEN=64 : (Defaults for full speed)
CONFIG_USBMSC_BULKOUTREQLEN=64 :
: Defaults for other settings as well?
Board Selection
CONFIG_SAM4EEK_AT25_BLOCKDEVICE=y : Export AT25 serial FLASH device
CONFIG_SAM4EEK_HSMCI_BLOCKDEVICE=n : Don't export HSMCI SD card
Note: If properly configured, you could export the HSMCI SD card instead
of the internal AT25 Serial FLASH.
The following setting enables an add-on that can can be used to control
the USB MSC device. It will add two new NSH commands:
a. msconn will connect the USB serial device and export the AT25
to the host, and
b. msdis which will disconnect the USB serial device.
Application Configuration -> System Add-Ons:
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMSC=y : Enable the USBMSC add-on
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMSC_NLUNS=1 : One LUN
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMSC_DEVMINOR1=0 : Minor device zero
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMSC_DEVPATH1="/dev/mtdblock0"
: Use a single, LUN: The AT25
: block driver.
NOTES:
a. To prevent file system corruption, make sure that the AT25 is un-
mounted *before* exporting the mass storage device to the host:
nsh> umount /mnt/at25
nsh> mscon
The AT25 can be re-mounted after the mass storage class is disconnected:
nsh> msdis
nsh> mount -t vfat /dev/mtdblock0 /mnt/at25
b. If you change the value CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMSC_DEVPATH1, then you
can export other file systems:
"/dev/mmcsd0" would export the HSMCI SD slot (not currently available,
see the "HSMCI" section).
"/dev/ram0" could even be used to export a RAM disk. But you would
first have to use mkrd to create the RAM disk and mkfatfs to put
a FAT file system on it.
STATUS:
2014-3-25: Marginally functional. Very slow to come up. USB analyzer
shows several resets before the host decides that it is
happy with the device. There are no obvious errors in the
USB data capture. Testing is insufficient. This needs to
be revisited.
Last tested at 96MHz with the CMCC disabled.
CDC/ACM Serial Device Class
---------------------------
This will select the CDC/ACM serial device. Defaults for the other
options should be okay.
Device Drivers -> USB Device Driver Support
CONFIG_CDCACM=y : Enable the CDC/ACM device
CONFIG_CDCACM_EPINTIN=1 : Select endpoint numbers
CONFIG_CDCACM_EPBULKOUT=2
CONFIG_CDCACM_EPBULKIN=3
The following setting enables an example that can can be used to control
the CDC/ACM device. It will add two new NSH commands:
a. sercon will connect the USB serial device (creating /dev/ttyACM0), and
b. serdis which will disconnect the USB serial device (destroying
/dev/ttyACM0).
Application Configuration -> Examples:
CONFIG_SYSTEM_CDCACM=y : Enable an CDC/ACM example
CONFIG_SYSTEM_CDCACM_DEVMINOR=0 : Use /dev/ttyUSB0
NOTES:
1. You cannot have both the CDC/ACM and the MSC class drivers enabled
simultaneously in the way described here. If you want to use both, then
you will need to consider a USB "composite" devices that support supports
both interfaces. There are no instructures here for setting up the USB
composite device, but there are other examples in the NuttX board support
directories that can be used for reference.
2. Linux supports the CDC/ACM driver out of the box. Windows, on the other
than requires that you first install a serial driver (a .inf file). There
are example .inf files for NuttX in the nuttx/configs/spark directories.
3. There is hand-shaking to pace incoming serial data. As a result, you may
experience data loss due to RX overrun errors. The overrun errors occur
when more data is received than can be buffered in memory on the target.
At present, the only workaround is to increase the amount of buffering
in the target. That allow the target to accept short bursts of larger
volumes of data (but would still fail on sustained, high speed incoming
data. The following configuration options can be changed to increase
the buffering.
1. RX buffer size. All incoming data is buffered by the serial driver
until it can be read by the application. The default size of this
RX buffer is only 256 but can be increased as you see fit:
CONFIG_CDCACM_RXBUFSIZE=256 : Default RX buffer size is only 256 bytes
2. Upstream from the RX buffers are USB read request buffers. Each
buffer is the maximum size of one USB packet (64 byte) and that cannot
really be changed. But if you want to increase this upstream buffering
capability, you can increase the number of available read requests.
The default is four, providing an additional buffering capability of
of 4*64=256 bytes.
Each read request receives data from USB, copies the data into the
serial RX buffer, and then is available to receive more data. This
recycling of read requests stalls as soon as the serial RX buffer is
full. Data loss occurs when there are no available read requests to
accept the next packet from the host. So increasing the number of
read requests can also help to minimize RX overrun:
CONFIG_CDCACM_NRDREQS=4 : Default is only 4 read requests
STATUS:
2013-2-23: Checks out OK. See discussion of the usbnsh configuration
below.
Debugging USB Device
--------------------
There is normal console debug output available that can be enabled with
CONFIG_DEBUG_FEATURES + CONFIG_DEBUG_USB. However, USB device operation is very
time critical and enabling this debug output WILL interfere with the
operation of the UDP. USB device tracing is a less invasive way to get
debug information: If tracing is enabled, the USB device will save
encoded trace output in in-memory buffer; if the USB monitor is also
enabled, that trace buffer will be periodically emptied and dumped to the
system logging device (the serial console in this configuration):
Device Drivers -> "USB Device Driver Support:
CONFIG_USBDEV_TRACE=y : Enable USB trace feature
CONFIG_USBDEV_TRACE_NRECORDS=256 : Buffer 256 records in memory
CONFIG_USBDEV_TRACE_STRINGS=y : (optional)
If you get data loss in the trace buffer, then you may want to increase the
CONFIG_USBDEV_TRACE_NRECORDS. I have used buffers up to 4096 records to
avoid data loss.
Application Configuration -> NSH LIbrary:
CONFIG_NSH_USBDEV_TRACE=n : No builtin tracing from NSH
CONFIG_NSH_ARCHINIT=y : Automatically start the USB monitor
Application Configuration -> System NSH Add-Ons:
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMONITOR=y : Enable the USB monitor daemon
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMONITOR_STACKSIZE=2048 : USB monitor daemon stack size
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMONITOR_PRIORITY=50 : USB monitor daemon priority
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMONITOR_INTERVAL=1 : Dump trace data every second
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMONITOR_TRACEINIT=y : Enable TRACE output
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMONITOR_TRACECLASS=y
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMONITOR_TRACETRANSFERS=y
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMONITOR_TRACECONTROLLER=y
CONFIG_SYSTEM_USBMONITOR_TRACEINTERRUPTS=y
NOTE: If USB debug output is also enabled, both outputs will appear on the
serial console. However, the debug output will be asynchronous with the
trace output and, hence, difficult to interpret.
HSMCI
=====
Enabling HSMCI support. The SAM3U-KE provides a an SD memory card slot.
Support for the SD slot can be enabled with the following settings:
System Type->ATSAM3/4 Peripheral Support
CONFIG_SAM34_HSMCI=y : Enable HSMCI support
CONFIG_SAM34_DMAC0=y : DMAC support is needed by HSMCI
System Type
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIO_IRQ=y : PIO interrupts needed
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOA_IRQ=y : Card detect pin is on PIOA
Device Drivers -> MMC/SD Driver Support
CONFIG_MMCSD=y : Enable MMC/SD support
CONFIG_MMCSD_NSLOTS=1 : One slot per driver instance
CONFIG_MMCSD_HAVECARDDETECT=y : Supports card-detect PIOs
CONFIG_MMCSD_SDIO=y : SDIO-based MMC/SD support
CONFIG_MMCSD_MULTIBLOCK_DISABLE=y : Probably works but is untested
CONFIG_SDIO_DMA=y : Use SDIO DMA
CONFIG_SDIO_BLOCKSETUP=y : Needs to know block sizes
Library Routines
CONFIG_SCHED_WORKQUEUE=y : Driver needs work queue support
: Defaults for other settings okay
Application Configuration -> NSH Library
CONFIG_NSH_ARCHINIT=y : NSH board-initialization
CONFIG_NSH_MMCSDSLOTNO=0 : Only one slot, slot 0
After an SD card is successfully initialized, the block device /dev/mmcsd0
will be available. To mount the SD card, use the following NSH command:
nsh> mount -t vfat /dev/mmcsd0 /mnt/sdcard
The SD card contents will then be available under /mnt/sdcard.
NOTES:
1. DMA is not currently functional and without DMA, there may not be
reliable data transfers at high speeds due to data overrun problems.
The current HSMCI driver supports DMA via the DMAC. However, the data
sheet only discusses PDC-based HSMCI DMA (although there is a DMA
channel interface definition for HSMCI).
Bottom line: Untested and probably not usable on the SAM4E-EK in its
current form.
Touchscreen
===========
The NSH configuration can be used to verify the ADS7843E touchscreen on
the SAM4E-EK LCD. With these modifications, you can include the touchscreen
test program at apps/examples/touchscreen as an NSH built-in application.
You can enable the touchscreen and test by modifying the default
configuration in the following ways:
Device Drivers
CONFIG_SPI=y : Enable SPI support
CONFIG_SPI_EXCHANGE=y : The exchange() method is supported
CONFIG_INPUT=y : Enable support for input devices
CONFIG_INPUT_ADS7843E=y : Enable support for the ADS7843E
CONFIG_ADS7843E_SPIDEV=0 : Use SPI CS 0 for communication
CONFIG_ADS7843E_SPIMODE=0 : Use SPI mode 0
CONFIG_ADS7843E_FREQUENCY=1000000 : SPI BAUD 1MHz
CONFIG_ADS7843E_SWAPXY=y : If landscape orientation
CONFIG_ADS7843E_THRESHX=51 : These will probably need to be tuned
CONFIG_ADS7843E_THRESHY=39
System Type -> Peripherals:
CONFIG_SAM34_SPI0=y : Enable support for SPI
System Type:
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIO_IRQ=y : GPIO interrupt support
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOA_IRQ=y : Enable GPIO interrupts from port A
RTOS Features:
CONFIG_DISABLE_SIGNALS=n : Signals are required
Library Support:
CONFIG_SCHED_WORKQUEUE=y : Work queue support required
Application Configuration:
CONFIG_EXAMPLES_TOUCHSCREEN=y : Enable the touchscreen built-in test
Defaults should be okay for related touchscreen settings. Touchscreen
debug output on UART0 can be enabled with:
Build Setup:
CONFIG_DEBUG_FEATURES=y : Enable debug features
CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO=y : Enable verbose debug output
CONFIG_DEBUG_INPUT=y : Enable debug output from input devices
STATUS: Verified 2014-05-14
ILI9325/41-Based LCD
=================
The SAM4E-EK carries a TFT transmissive LCD module with touch panel,
FTM280C34D. Its integrated driver IC is either a ILI9325 ILI9342 (the
original schematics said ILI9325, but I learned the hard way that I had
an ILI9341-based LCD). The LCD display area is 2.8 inches diagonally
measured, with a native resolution of 240 x 320
dots.
Connectivity
------------
The SAM4E16 communicates with the LCD through PIOC where an 8-bit
parallel "8080-like" protocol data bus has to be implemented in
software.
---- ----- --------- --------------------------------
PIN PIO SIGNAL NOTES
---- ----- --------- --------------------------------
1 VDD
2 PC7 DB17
3 PC6 DB16
4 PC5 DB15
5 PC4 DB14
6 PC3 DB13
7 PC2 DB12
8 PC1 DB11
9 PC0 DB10
10 DB9 Pulled low
11 DB8 Pulled low
12 DB7 Pulled low
13 DB6 Pulled low
14 DB5 Pulled low
15 DB4 Pulled low
16 DB3 Pulled low
17 DB2 Pulled low
18 DB1 Pulled low
19 DB0 Pulled low
---- ----- --------- --------------------------------
20 VDD
21 PC11 RD
22 PC8 WR
23 PC19 RS
24 PD18 CS Via J8, pulled high.
25 RESET Connects to NSRST
26 IM0 Pulled high
27 IM1 Grounded
28 GND
---- ----- --------- --------------------------------
29 [PC13] LED-A Backlight controls: PC13 enables
30 [PC13] LEDK1 AAT3155 charge pump that drives
31 [PC13] LEDK2 the backlight LEDs
32 [PC13] LEDK3
33 [PC13] LEDK4
34 [PC13] LEDK1
---- ----- --------- --------------------------------
35 Y+ These go to the ADS7843
36 Y- touchscreen controller.
37 X+
38 X-
39 NC
---- ----- --------- --------------------------------
Jumpers
-------
Make sure the JP8 is closed. This connects PD18 as the LCD CS.
Backlight
---------
LCD backlight is made of 4 white chip LEDs in parallel, driven by an
AAT3155 charge pump, MN4. The AAT3155 is controlled by the SAM3U4E
through a single line Simple Serial Control (S2Cwire) interface, which
permits to enable, disable, and set the LED drive current (LED
brightness control) from a 32-level logarithmic scale. Four resistors
R93/R94/R95/R96 are implemented for optional current limitation.
Configuration
-------------
This is the basic configuration that enables the ILI9341-based LCD.
Of course additional settings would be necessary to enable the graphic
capabilities to do anything with the LCD.
System Type -> AT91SAM3/4 Configuration Options
CONFIG_SAM34_SMC=y : SMC support
Device Drivers -> LCD Driver Support
CONFIG_LCD=y : Enable LCD support
CONFIG_LCD_MAXCONTRAST=1 : Value should not matter
CONFIG_LCD_MAXPOWER=64 : Must be > 16
CONFIG_LCD_LANDSCAPE=y : Landscape orientation
Board Selection
CONFIG_SAM4EEK_LCD_ILI9341=y : For the ILI9341-based LCD
CONFIG_SAM4EEK_LCD_RGB565=y : Color resolution
CONFIG_SAM4EEK_LCD_BGCOLOR=0x00 : Initial background color
STATUS:
2014-8-20: Updated. The ILI9341 LCD has some basic functionality.
Certainly it can transfer and display data fine. But there are some
issues with the geometry of data that appears on the LCD..
The LCD backlight is functional.
SAM4E-EK-specific Configuration Options
=======================================
CONFIG_ARCH - Identifies the arch/ subdirectory. This should
be set to:
CONFIG_ARCH=arm
CONFIG_ARCH_family - For use in C code:
CONFIG_ARCH_ARM=y
CONFIG_ARCH_architecture - For use in C code:
CONFIG_ARCH_CORTEXM3=y
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP - Identifies the arch/*/chip subdirectory
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP="sam34"
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP_name - For use in C code to identify the exact
chip:
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP_SAM34
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP_SAM3U
CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP_ATSAM3U4
CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD - Identifies the configs subdirectory and
hence, the board that supports the particular chip or SoC.
CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD=sam4e-ek (for the SAM4E-EK development board)
CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD_name - For use in C code
CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD_SAM4EEK=y
CONFIG_ARCH_LOOPSPERMSEC - Must be calibrated for correct operation
of delay loops
CONFIG_ENDIAN_BIG - define if big endian (default is little
endian)
CONFIG_RAM_SIZE - Describes the installed DRAM (SRAM in this case):
CONFIG_RAM_SIZE=0x00020000 (128Kb)
CONFIG_RAM_START - The start address of installed DRAM
CONFIG_RAM_START=0x20000000
CONFIG_ARCH_LEDS - Use LEDs to show state. Unique to boards that
have LEDs
CONFIG_ARCH_INTERRUPTSTACK - This architecture supports an interrupt
stack. If defined, this symbol is the size of the interrupt
stack in bytes. If not defined, the user task stacks will be
used during interrupt handling.
CONFIG_ARCH_STACKDUMP - Do stack dumps after assertions
CONFIG_ARCH_LEDS - Use LEDs to show state. Unique to board architecture.
CONFIG_ARCH_CALIBRATION - Enables some build in instrumentation that
cause a 100 second delay during boot-up. This 100 second delay
serves no purpose other than it allows you to calibratre
CONFIG_ARCH_LOOPSPERMSEC. You simply use a stop watch to measure
the 100 second delay then adjust CONFIG_ARCH_LOOPSPERMSEC until
the delay actually is 100 seconds.
Individual subsystems can be enabled:
CONFIG_SAM34_SPI0 - Serial Peripheral Interface 0 (SPI0)
CONFIG_SAM34_SPI1 - Serial Peripheral Interface 1 (SPI1)
CONFIG_SAM34_SSC - Synchronous Serial Controller (SSC)
CONFIG_SAM34_TC0 - Timer/Counter 0 (TC0)
CONFIG_SAM34_TC1 - Timer/Counter 1 (TC1)
CONFIG_SAM34_TC2 - Timer/Counter 2 (TC2)
CONFIG_SAM34_TC3 - Timer/Counter 3 (TC3)
CONFIG_SAM34_TC4 - Timer/Counter 4 (TC4)
CONFIG_SAM34_TC5 - Timer/Counter 5 (TC5)
CONFIG_SAM34_TC6 - Timer/Counter 6 (TC6)
CONFIG_SAM34_TC7 - Timer/Counter 7 (TC6)
CONFIG_SAM34_TC8 - Timer/Counter 6 (TC8)
CONFIG_SAM34_PWM - Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Controller
CONFIG_SAM34_TWIM0 - Two-wire Master Interface 0 (TWIM0)
CONFIG_SAM34_TWIS0 - Two-wire Slave Interface 0 (TWIS0)
CONFIG_SAM34_TWIM1B - Two-wire Master Interface 1 (TWIM1)
CONFIG_SAM34_TWIS1 - Two-wire Slave Interface 1 (TWIS1)
CONFIG_SAM34_UART0 - UART 0
CONFIG_SAM34_UART1 - UART 1
CONFIG_SAM34_USART0 - USART 0
CONFIG_SAM34_USART1 - USART 1
CONFIG_SAM34_USART2 - USART 2
CONFIG_SAM34_USART3 - USART 3
CONFIG_SAM34_AFEC0 - Analog Front End 0
CONFIG_SAM34_AFEC1 - Analog Front End 1
CONFIG_SAM34_DACC - Digital-to-Analog Converter
CONFIG_SAM34_ACC - Analog Comparator
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC - Ethernet MAC
CONFIG_SAM34_CAN0 - CAN 0
CONFIG_SAM34_CAN1 - CAN 1
CONFIG_SAM34_SMC - Static Memory Controller
CONFIG_SAM34_NAND - NAND support
CONFIG_SAM34_PDCA - Peripheral DMA controller
CONFIG_SAM34_DMAC0 - DMA controller
CONFIG_SAM34_UDP - USB 2.0 Full-Speed device
CONFIG_SAM34_CHIPID - Chip ID
CONFIG_SAM34_RTC - Real Time Clock
CONFIG_SAM34_RTT - Real Time Timer
CONFIG_SAM34_WDT - Watchdog Timer
CONFIG_SAM34_EIC - Interrupt controller
CONFIG_SAM34_HSMCI - High Speed Multimedia Card Interface
Some subsystems can be configured to operate in different ways. The drivers
need to know how to configure the subsystem.
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOA_IRQ
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOB_IRQ
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOC_IRQ
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOD_IRQ
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOE_IRQ
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOF_IRQ
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOG_IRQ
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOH_IRQ
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOJ_IRQ
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOK_IRQ
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOL_IRQ
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOM_IRQ
CONFIG_SAM34_GPION_IRQ
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOP_IRQ
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOQ_IRQ
CONFIG_USART0_SERIALDRIVER
CONFIG_USART1_SERIALDRIVER
CONFIG_USART2_SERIALDRIVER
CONFIG_USART3_SERIALDRIVER
SAM3U specific device driver settings
CONFIG_U[S]ARTn_SERIAL_CONSOLE - selects the USARTn (n=0,1,2,3) or UART
m (m=4,5) for the console and ttys0 (default is the USART1).
CONFIG_U[S]ARTn_RXBUFSIZE - Characters are buffered as received.
This specific the size of the receive buffer
CONFIG_U[S]ARTn_TXBUFSIZE - Characters are buffered before
being sent. This specific the size of the transmit buffer
CONFIG_U[S]ARTn_BAUD - The configure BAUD of the UART. Must be
CONFIG_U[S]ARTn_BITS - The number of bits. Must be either 7 or 8.
CONFIG_U[S]ARTn_PARTIY - 0=no parity, 1=odd parity, 2=even parity
CONFIG_U[S]ARTn_2STOP - Two stop bits
LCD Options. Other than the standard LCD configuration options
(see configs/README.txt), the SAM4E-EK driver also supports:
CONFIG_LCD_LANDSCAPE - Define for 320x240 display "landscape"
support. Default is this 320x240 "landscape" orientation
CONFIG_LCD_RLANDSCAPE - Define for 320x240 display "reverse
landscape" support.
CONFIG_LCD_PORTRAIT - Define for 240x320 display "portrait"
orientation support.
CONFIG_LCD_RPORTRAIT - Define for 240x320 display "reverse
portrait" orientation support.
Configurations
==============
Information Common to All Configurations
----------------------------------------
Each SAM4E-EK configuration is maintained in a sub-directory and
can be selected as follow:
cd tools
./configure.sh sam4e-ek/<subdir>
cd -
. ./setenv.sh
Before sourcing the setenv.sh file above, you should examine it and perform
edits as necessary so that TOOLCHAIN_BIN is the correct path to the directory
than holds your toolchain binaries.
And then build NuttX by simply typing the following. At the conclusion of
the make, the nuttx binary will reside in an ELF file called, simply, nuttx.
make
The <subdir> that is provided above as an argument to the tools/configure.sh
must be is one of the following.
NOTES:
1. These configurations use the mconf-based configuration tool. To
change any of these configurations using that tool, you should:
a. Build and install the kconfig-mconf tool. See nuttx/README.txt
see additional README.txt files in the NuttX tools repository.
b. Execute 'make menuconfig' in nuttx/ in order to start the
reconfiguration process.
2. Unless stated otherwise, all configurations generate console
output on UART0 (J3).
3. All of these configurations are set up to build under Linux using the
EABI buildroot toolchain (unless stated otherwise in the description of
the configuration). That build selection can easily be reconfigured
using 'make menuconfig'. Here are the relevant current settings:
Build Setup:
CONFIG_HOST_LINUX=y : Linux or other pure POSIX invironment
System Type -> Toolchain:
CONFIG_ARMV7M_TOOLCHAIN_BUILDROOT=y : Buildroot toolchain
CONFIG_ARMV7M_OABI_TOOLCHAIN=n : EABI (Not OABI
If you want to use the Atmel GCC toolchain, for example, here are the
steps to do so:
Build Setup:
CONFIG_HOST_WINDOWS=y : Windows
CONFIG_HOST_CYGWIN=y : Using Cygwin or other POSIX environment
System Type -> Toolchain:
CONFIG_ARMV7M_TOOLCHAIN_GNU_EABIW=y : General GCC EABI toolchain under windows
Library Routines ->
CONFIG_CXX_NEWLONG=n : size_t is an unsigned int, not long
This re-configuration should be done before making NuttX or else the
subsequent 'make' will fail. If you have already attempted building
NuttX then you will have to 1) 'make distclean' to remove the old
configuration, 2) 'cd tools; ./configure.sh sam4e-ek/ksnh' to start
with a fresh configuration, and 3) perform the configuration changes
above.
Also, make sure that your PATH variable has the new path to your
Atmel tools. Try 'which arm-none-eabi-gcc' to make sure that you
are selecting the right tool. setenv.sh is available for you to
use to set or PATH variable. The path in the that file may not,
however, be correct for your installation.
See also the "NOTE about Windows native toolchains" in the section call
"GNU Toolchain Options" above.
Configuration sub-directories
-----------------------------
nsh:
Configures the NuttShell (nsh) located at examples/nsh. The
Configuration enables both the serial and telnetd NSH interfaces.
NOTES:
1. This configuration runs with a CPU clock of 120MHz and with the
the CMCC enabled. If you disable these, then you must also
re-calibrate the delay loop.
2. Default stack sizes are large and should really be tuned to reduce
the RAM footprint:
CONFIG_ARCH_INTERRUPTSTACK=2048
CONFIG_IDLETHREAD_STACKSIZE=1024
CONFIG_USERMAIN_STACKSIZE=2048
CONFIG_PTHREAD_STACK_DEFAULT=2048
... and others ...
3. NSH built-in applications are supported.
Binary Formats:
CONFIG_BUILTIN=y : Enable support for built-in programs
Applicaton Configuration:
CONFIG_NSH_BUILTIN_APPS=y : Enable starting apps from NSH command line
4. This configuration has the network enabled by default. This can be
easily disabled or reconfigured (See see the network related
configuration settings above in the section entitled "Networking").
NOTE: In boot-up sequence is very simple in this example; all
initialization is done sequentially (vs. in parallel) and so you will
not see the NSH prompt until all initialization is complete. The
network bring-up in particular will add some delay before the NSH
prompt appears. In a real application, you would probably want to
do the network bringup on a separate thread so that access to the
NSH prompt is not delayed.
This delay will be especially long if the board is not connected to
a network because additional time will be required to fail with
timeout errors. This delay can be eliminated, however, if you enable
an NSH initialization option as described above in a paragraph
entitled, "Network Initialization Thread."
STATUS:
2014-3-13: The basic NSH serial console is working. Network support
has been verified.
5. This configuration supports a network with fixed IP address. You
may have to change these settings for your network:
CONFIG_NSH_IPADDR=0x0a000002 : IP address: 10.0.0.2
CONFIG_NSH_DRIPADDR=0x0a000001 : Gateway: 10.0.0.1
CONFIG_NSH_NETMASK=0xffffff00 : Netmask: 255.255.255.0
You can also enable enable the DHCPC client for networks that use
dynamically assigned address:
CONFIG_NETUTILS_DHCPC=y : Enables the DHCP client
CONFIG_NET_UDP=y : Depends on broadcast UDP
CONFIG_NET_BROADCAST=y
CONFIG_NSH_DHCPC=y : Tells NSH to use DHCPC, not
: the fixed addresses
6. This configuration has the DMA-based SPI0 and AT25 Serial FLASH
support enabled by default. This can be easily disabled or
reconfigured (See see the configuration settings and usage notes
above in the section entitled "AT25 Serial FLASH").
To mount the AT25 Serial FLASH as a FAT file system:
nsh>mount -t vfat /dev/mtdblock0 /mnt/at25
STATUS:
2014-3-14: The DMA-based SPI appears to be functional and can be used
to support a FAT file system on the AT25 Serial FLASH.
7. USB device support is not enabled in this configuration by default.
To add USB device support to this configuration, see the instructions
above under "USB Full-Speed Device."
STATUS:
2014-3-21: USB support is partially functional. Additional test and
integration is required. See STATUS in the "USB Full-Speed
Device" for further information
2014-3-22: USB seems to work properly (there are not obvious errors
in a USB bus capture. However, as of this data the AT25
does not mount on either the Linux or Windows host. This
needs to be retested.
8. Enabling HSMCI support. The SAM3U-KE provides a an SD memory card
slot. Support for the SD slot can be enabled following the
instructions provided above in the paragraph entitled "HSMCI."
9. This configuration has been used for verifying the touchscreen on
on the SAM4E-EK LCD module.
The NSH configuration can be used to verify the ADS7843E touchscreen on
the SAM4E-EK LCD. With these modifications, you can include the touchscreen
test program at apps/examples/touchscreen as an NSH built-in application.
You can enable the touchscreen and test by modifying the default
configuration in the following ways:
Device Drivers
CONFIG_SPI=y : Enable SPI support
CONFIG_SPI_EXCHANGE=y : The exchange() method is supported
CONFIG_INPUT=y : Enable support for input devices
CONFIG_INPUT_ADS7843E=y : Enable support for the ADS7843E
CONFIG_ADS7843E_SPIDEV=0 : Use SPI CS 0 for communication
CONFIG_ADS7843E_SPIMODE=0 : Use SPI mode 0
CONFIG_ADS7843E_FREQUENCY=1000000 : SPI BAUD 1MHz
CONFIG_ADS7843E_SWAPXY=y : If landscape orientation
CONFIG_ADS7843E_THRESHX=51 : These will probably need to be tuned
CONFIG_ADS7843E_THRESHY=39
System Type -> Peripherals:
CONFIG_SAM34_SPI0=y : Enable support for SPI
System Type:
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIO_IRQ=y : GPIO interrupt support
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOA_IRQ=y : Enable GPIO interrupts from port A
RTOS Features:
CONFIG_DISABLE_SIGNALS=n : Signals are required
Library Support:
CONFIG_SCHED_WORKQUEUE=y : Work queue support required
Application Configuration:
CONFIG_EXAMPLES_TOUCHSCREEN=y : Enable the touchscreen built-in test
Defaults should be okay for related touchscreen settings. Touchscreen
debug output on UART0 can be enabled with:
Build Setup:
CONFIG_DEBUG_FEATURES=y : Enable debug features
CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO=y : Enable verbose debug output
CONFIG_DEBUG_INPUT=y : Enable debug output from input devices
10. This configuration can be re-configured to test the on-board LCD
module.
System Type -> AT91SAM3/4 Configuration Options
CONFIG_SAM34_SMC=y : SMC support
Device Drivers -> LCD Driver Support
CONFIG_LCD=y : Enable LCD support
CONFIG_LCD_MAXCONTRAST=1 : Value should not matter
CONFIG_LCD_MAXPOWER=64 : Must be > 16
CONFIG_LCD_LANDSCAPE=y : Landscape orientation
Board Selection
CONFIG_SAM4EEK_LCD_ILI9341=y : For the ILI9341-based LCD
CONFIG_SAM4EEK_LCD_RGB565=y : Color resolution
CONFIG_SAM4EEK_LCD_BGCOLOR=0x00 : Initial background color
Graphics Support
CONFIG_NX=y : Enable Graphics support
CONFIG_NX_LCDDRIVER=y : LCD graphics device
Graphics Support -> Supported Pixel Depths
CONFIG_NX_DISABLE_1BPP=y : Only 16BPP supported
CONFIG_NX_DISABLE_2BPP=y
CONFIG_NX_DISABLE_4BPP=y
CONFIG_NX_DISABLE_8BPP=y
CONFIG_NX_DISABLE_24BPP=y
CONFIG_NX_DISABLE_32BPP=y
Graphics Support -> Font Selections
CONFIG_NXFONTS_CHARBITS=7
CONFIG_NXFONT_SANS23X27=y
CONFIG_NXFONT_SANS22X29B=y
Application Configuration -> Examples
CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NXLINES=y
CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NXLINES_BGCOLOR=0x0320
CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NXLINES_LINEWIDTH=16
CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NXLINES_LINECOLOR=0xffe0
CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NXLINES_BORDERWIDTH=4
CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NXLINES_BORDERCOLOR=0xffe0
CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NXLINES_CIRCLECOLOR=0xf7bb
CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NXLINES_BPP=16
STATUS:
2014-30-24: DMA is not currently functional and without DMA, there
may not be reliable data transfers at high speeds due
to data overrun problems. The current HSMCI driver
supports DMA via the DMAC. However, the data sheet
only discusses PDC-based HSMCI DMA (although there is
a DMA channel interface definition for HSMCI). So
this is effort is dead-in-the-water for now.
2014-05-15: The HSCMCI driver has been recently updated to support
PCD DMA. That modified driver, however, has not yet
been tested with the SAM4E-EK
2014-05-14: The touchscreen interface was successfully verified.
2014-08-20: The LCD interface is fully implemented and data appears
to be transferred okay. However, there are errors in
geometry that leave the LCD unusable still.
The LCD backlight appears to be functional.
usbnsh:
This is another NSH example. If differs from the 'nsh' configuration
in that this configurations uses a USB serial device for console I/O.
STATUS:
2014-3-23: This configuration appears to be fully functional.
NOTES:
1. See the NOTES in the description of the nsh configuration. Those
notes all apply here as well. Some additional notes unique to
the USB console version follow:
2. The configuration differences between this configuration and the
nsh configuration is:
a. USB device support is enabled as described in the paragraph
entitled "USB Full-Speed Device",
b. The CDC/ACM serial class is enabled as described in the paragraph
"CDC/ACM Serial Device Class".
c. The serial console is disabled:
RTOS Features:
CONFIG_DEV_CONSOLE=n : No console at boot time
Driver Support -> USB Device Driver Support
CONFIG_UART0_SERIAL_CONSOLE=n : UART0 is not the console
CONFIG_NO_SERIAL_CONSOLE=y : There is no serial console
Driver Support -> USB Device Driver Support
CONFIG_CDCACM_CONSOLE=y : USB CDC/ACM console
d. Support for debug output on UART0 is provided as described in the
next note.
3. If you send large amounts of data to the target, you may see data
loss due to RX overrun errors. See the NOTES in the section entitled
"CDC/ACM Serial Device Class" for an explanation and some possible
work-arounds.
3. This configuration does have UART0 output enabled and set up as
the system logging device:
File Systems -> Advanced SYSLOG Features
CONFIG_SYSLOG_CHAR=y : Use a character device for system logging
CONFIG_SYSLOG_DEVPATH="/dev/ttyS0" : UART0 will be /dev/ttyS0
However, there is nothing to generate SYLOG output in the default
configuration so nothing should appear on UART0 unless you enable
some debug output or enable the USB monitor.
NOTE: Using the SYSLOG to get debug output has limitations. Among
those are that you cannot get debug output from interrupt handlers.
So, in particularly, debug output is not a useful way to debug the
USB device controller driver. Instead, use the USB monitor with
USB debug off and USB trace on (see below).
4. Enabling USB monitor SYSLOG output. See the paragraph entitle
"Debugging USB Device" for a summary of the configuration settings
needed to enable the USB monitor and get USB debug data out UART0.
5. By default, this configuration uses the CDC/ACM serial device to
provide the USB console. This works out-of-the-box for Linux.
Windows, on the other hand, will require a CDC/ACM device driver
(.inf file). There is a sample .inf file in the nuttx/configs/spark
directories.
5. Using the Prolifics PL2303 Emulation
You could also use the non-standard PL2303 serial device instead of
the standard CDC/ACM serial device by changing:
CONFIG_CDCACM=n : Disable the CDC/ACM serial device class
CONFIG_CDCACM_CONSOLE=n : The CDC/ACM serial device is NOT the console
CONFIG_PL2303=y : The Prolifics PL2303 emulation is enabled
CONFIG_PL2303_CONSOLE=y : The PL2303 serial device is the console
nxwm:
This is a special configuration setup for the NxWM window manager
UnitTest. It integrates support for both the SAM4E-EK ILI9341 LCDC and
the SAM4E-EK ADS7843E touchscreen controller and provides a more
advanced graphics demo. It provides an interactive windowing experience.
The NxWM window manager is a tiny window manager tailored for use
with smaller LCDs. It supports a task, a start window, and
multiple application windows with toolbars. However, to make the best
use of the visible LCD space, only one application window is visible at
at time.
The NxWM window manager can be found here:
nuttx-git/NxWidgets/nxwm
The NxWM unit test can be found at:
nuttx-git/NxWidgets/UnitTests/nxwm
Documentation for installing the NxWM unit test can be found here:
nuttx-git/NxWidgets/UnitTests/README.txt
Here is the quick summary of the build steps. These steps assume that
you have the entire NuttX GIT in some directory ~/nuttx-git. You may
have these components installed elsewhere. In that case, you will need
to adjust all of the paths in the following accordingly:
1. Install the nxwm configuration
$ cd ~/nuttx-git/nuttx/tools
$ ./configure.sh sam4e-ek/nxwm
2. Make the build context (only)
$ cd ..
$ . ./setenv.sh
$ make context
...
NOTE: the use of the setenv.sh file is optional. All that it will
do is to adjust your PATH variable so that the build system can find
your tools. If you use it, you will most likely need to modify the
script so that it has the correct path to your tool binaries
directory.
3. Install the nxwm unit test
$ cd ~/nuttx-git/NxWidgets
$ tools/install.sh ~/nuttx-git/apps nxwm
Creating symbolic link
- To ~/nuttx-git/NxWidgets/UnitTests/nxwm
- At ~/nuttx-git/apps/external
4. Build the NxWidgets library
$ cd ~/nuttx-git/NxWidgets/libnxwidgets
$ make TOPDIR=~/nuttx-git/nuttx
...
5. Build the NxWM library
$ cd ~/nuttx-git/NxWidgets/nxwm
$ make TOPDIR=~/nuttx-git/nuttx
...
6. Built NuttX with the installed unit test as the application
$ cd ~/nuttx-git/nuttx
$ make
STATUS:
2014-08-20. I have seen the demo work well but it is not thoroughly
exercised. I suspect some touchscreen issues.
2014-10-11. Today's build crashes in nxwm_main on startup.
