b7d9a67870
git-svn-id: svn://svn.code.sf.net/p/nuttx/code/trunk@880 42af7a65-404d-4744-a932-0658087f49c3
637 lines
20 KiB
Plaintext
637 lines
20 KiB
Plaintext
examples/nsh
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^^^^^^^^^^^^
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This directory contains the NuttShell (NSH). This is a simple
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shell application for NuttX.
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- Console/NSH Front End
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- Command Overview
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- Conditional Command Execution
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- Built-In Variables
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- Current Working Directory
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Environment Variables:
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- Simple Commands
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- NSH Configuration Settings
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Command Dependencies on Configuration Settings
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NSH-Specific Configuration Settings
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Console/NSH Front End
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Using settings in the configuration file, NSH may be configured to
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use either the serial stdin/out or a telnet connection as the console
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or BOTH. When NSH is started, you will see the following welcome on
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either console:
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NuttShell (NSH)
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nsh>
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'nsh>' is the NSH prompt and indicates that you may enter a command
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from the console.
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Command Overview
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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This directory contains the NuttShell (NSH). This is a simple
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shell-like application. At present, NSH supports the following commands
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forms:
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Simple command: <cmd>
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Command with re-directed output: <cmd> > <file>
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<cmd> >> <file>
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Background command: <cmd> &
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Re-directed background command: <cmd> > <file> &
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<cmd> >> <file> &
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Where:
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<cmd> is any one of the simple commands listed later.
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<file> is the full or relative path to any writable object
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in the filesystem name space (file or character driver).
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Such objects will be referred to simply as files throughout
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this README.
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NSH executes at the mid-priority (128). Backgrounded commands can
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be made to execute at higher or lower priorities using nice:
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[nice [-d <niceness>>]] <cmd> [> <file>|>> <file>] [&]
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Where <niceness> is any value between -20 and 19 where lower
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(more negative values) correspond to higher priorities. The
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default niceness is 10.
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Conditional Command Execution
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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An if-then[-else]-fi construct is also supported in order to
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support conditional execution of commands. This works from the
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command line but is primarily intended for use within NSH scripts
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(see the sh commnd). The syntax is as follows:
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if <cmd>
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then
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[sequence of <cmd>]
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else
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[sequence of <cmd>]
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fi
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Built-In Variables
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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$? - The result of the last simple command execution
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Current Working Directory
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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All path arguments to commands may be either an absolute path or a
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path relative to the current working directory. The current working
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directory is set using the 'cd' command and can be queried either
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by using the 'pwd' command or by using the 'echo $PWD' command.
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Environment Variables:
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----------------------
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PWD - The current working directory
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OLDPWD - The previous working directory
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Simple Commands
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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o [ <expression> ]
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o test <expression>
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These are two alternative forms of the same command. They support
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evaluation of a boolean expression which sets $?. This command
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is used most frequently as the conditional command following the
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'if' in the if-then[-else]-fi construct.
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Expression Syntax:
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------------------
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expression = simple-expression | !expression |
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expression -o expression | expression -a expression
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simple-expression = unary-expression | binary-expression
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unary-expression = string-unary | file-unary
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string-unary = -n string | -z string
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file-unary = -b file | -c file | -d file | -e file | -f file |
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-r file | -s file | -w file
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binary-expression = string-binary | numeric-binary
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string-binary = string = string | string == string | string != string
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numeric-binary = integer -eq integer | integer -ge integer |
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integer -gt integer | integer -le integer |
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integer -lt integer | integer -ne integer
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o cat <path> [<path> [<path> ...]]
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This command copies and concatentates all of the files at <path>
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to the console (or to another file if the output is redirected).
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o cd [<dir-path>|-|~|..]
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Changes the current working directory (PWD). Also sets the
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previous working directory environment variable (OLDPWD).
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FORMS:
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------
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'cd <dir-path>' sets the current working directory to <dir-path>.
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'cd -' sets the current working directory to the previous
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working directory ($OLDPWD). Equivalent to 'cd $OLDPWD'.
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'cd' or 'cd ~' set the current working directory to the 'home'
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directory. The 'home' directory can be configured by setting
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CONFIG_LIB_HOMEDIR in the configuration file. The default
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'home' directory is '/'.
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'cd ..' sets the current working directory to the parent directory.
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o cp <source-path> <dest-path>
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Copy of the contents of the file at <source-path> to the location
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in the filesystem indicated by <path-path>
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o echo [<string|$name> [<string|$name>...]]
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Copy the sequence of strings and expanded environment variables to
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console out (or to a file if the output is re-directed).
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o exec <hex-address>
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Execute the user logic at address <hex-address>. NSH will pause
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until the execution unless the user logic is executed in background
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via 'exec <hex-address> &'
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o exit
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Exit NSH. Only useful if you have started some other tasks (perhaps
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using the 'exec' command') and you would like to have NSH out of the
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way.
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o get [-b|-n] [-f <local-path>] -h <ip-address> <remote-path>
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Copy the file at <remote-address> from the host whose IP address is
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identified by <ip-address>. Other options:
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-f <local-path>
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The file will be saved relative to the current working directory
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unless <local-path> is provided.
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-b|-n
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Selects either binary ("octect") or test ("netascii") transfer
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mode. Default: text.
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o help
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Presents summary information about each command to console.
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o ifconfig
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Show the current configuration of the network, for example:
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nsh> ifconfig
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eth0 HWaddr 00:18:11:80:10:06
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IPaddr:10.0.0.2 DRaddr:10.0.0.1 Mask:255.255.255.0
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if uIP statistics are enabled (CONFIG_NET_STATISTICS), then
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this command will also show the detailed state of uIP.
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o ls [-lRs] <dir-path>
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Show the contents of the directory at <dir-path>. NOTE:
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<dir-path> must refer to a directory and no other filesystem
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object.
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Options:
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--------
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-R Show the constents of specified directory and all of its
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sub-directories.
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-s Show the size of the files along with the filenames in the
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listing
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-l Show size and mode information along with the filenames
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in the listing.
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o mb <hex-address>[=<hex-value>][ <hex-byte-count>]
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o mh <hex-address>[=<hex-value>][ <hex-byte-count>]
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o mw <hex-address>[=<hex-value>][ <hex-byte-count>]
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Access memory using byte size access (mb), 16-bit accesses (mh),
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or 32-bit access (mw). In each case,
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<hex-address>. Specifies the address to be accessed. The current
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value at that address will always be read and displayed.
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<hex-address>=<hex-value>. Read the value, then write <hex-value>
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to the location.
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<hex-byte-count>. Perform the mb, mh, or mw operation on a total
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of <hex-byte-count> bytes, increment the <hex-address> appropriately
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after each access
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Example
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nsh> mh 0 16
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0 = 0x0c1e
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2 = 0x0100
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4 = 0x0c1e
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6 = 0x0110
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8 = 0x0c1e
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a = 0x0120
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c = 0x0c1e
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e = 0x0130
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10 = 0x0c1e
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12 = 0x0140
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14 = 0x0c1e
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nsh>
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o mem
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Show the current state of the memory allocator. For example,
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nsh> mem
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arena: fe2560
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ordblks: 1
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mxordblk: fdc3e0
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uordblks: 6180
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fordblks: fdc3e0
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nsh>
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Where:
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arena - This is the total size of memory allocated for use
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by malloc in bytes.
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ordblks - This is the number of free (not in use) chunks.
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mxordblk - Size of the largest free (not in use) chunk
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uordblks - This is the total size of memory occupied by
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chunks handed out by malloc.
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fordblks - This is the total size of memory occupied by
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free (not in use) chunks.
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o mkdir <path>
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Create the directory at <path>. All components of of <path>
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except the final directory name must exist on a mounted file
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system; the final directory must not.
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Recall that NuttX uses a pseudo filesystem for its root file system.
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The mkdir command can only be used to create directories in volumes
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set up with the mount command; it cannot be used to create directories
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in the pseudo filesystem.
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Example:
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^^^^^^^^
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nsh> mkdir /mnt/fs/tmp
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nsh> ls -l /mnt/fs
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/mnt/fs:
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drw-rw-rw- 0 TESTDIR/
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drw-rw-rw- 0 TMP/
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nsh>
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o mkfatfs <path>
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Format a fat file system on the block device specified by path.
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NSH provides this command to access the mkfatfs() NuttX API.
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This block device must reside in the NuttX psuedo filesystem and
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must have been created by some call to register_blockdriver() (see
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include/nuttx/fs.h).
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o mkfifo <path>
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Creates a FIFO character device anywhere in the pseudo file system,
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creating whatever psuedo directories that may be needed to complete
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the full path. By convention, however, device drivers are place in
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the standard /dev directory. After it is created, the FIFO device
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may be used as any other device driver. NSH provides this command
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to access the mkfifo() NuttX API.
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Example:
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^^^^^^^^
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nsh> ls -l /dev
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/dev:
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crw-rw-rw- 0 console
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crw-rw-rw- 0 null
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brw-rw-rw- 0 ram0
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nsh> mkfifo /dev/fifo
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nsh> ls -l /dev
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ls -l /dev
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/dev:
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crw-rw-rw- 0 console
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crw-rw-rw- 0 fifo
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crw-rw-rw- 0 null
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brw-rw-rw- 0 ram0
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nsh>
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o mount -t <fstype> <block-device> <dir-path>
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The 'mount' command mounts a file system in the NuttX psuedo
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filesystem. 'mount' performs a three way associating, binding
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File system. The '-t <fstype>' option identifies the type of
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file system that has been formatted on the <block-device>. As
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of this writing, vfat is the only supported value for <fstype>
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Block Device. The <block-device> argument is the full or relative
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path to a block driver inode in the psuedo filesystem. By convention,
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this is a name under the /dev sub-directory. This <block-device>
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must have been previously formatted with the same file system
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type as specified by <fstype>
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Mount Point. The mount point is the location in the psuedo file
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system where the mounted volume will appear. This mount point
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can only reside in the NuttX psuedo filesystem. By convention, this
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mount point is a subdirectory under /mnt. The mount command will
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create whatever psuedo directories that may be needed to complete
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the full path but the full path must not already exist.
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After the the volume has been mounted in the NuttX psuedo file
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system, it may be access in the same way as other objects in the
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file system.
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Example:
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^^^^^^^^
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nsh> ls -l /dev
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/dev:
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crw-rw-rw- 0 console
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crw-rw-rw- 0 null
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brw-rw-rw- 0 ram0
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nsh> ls /mnt
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nsh: ls: no such directory: /mnt
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nsh> mount -t vfat /dev/ram0 /mnt/fs
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nsh> ls -l /mnt/fs/testdir
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/mnt/fs/testdir:
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-rw-rw-rw- 15 TESTFILE.TXT
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nsh> echo "This is a test" >/mnt/fs/testdir/example.txt
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nsh> ls -l /mnt/fs/testdir
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/mnt/fs/testdir:
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-rw-rw-rw- 15 TESTFILE.TXT
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-rw-rw-rw- 16 EXAMPLE.TXT
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nsh> cat /mnt/fs/testdir/example.txt
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This is a test
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nsh>
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o ps
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Show the currently active threads and tasks. For example,
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nsh> ps
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PID PRI SCHD TYPE NP STATE NAME
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0 0 FIFO TASK READY Idle Task()
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1 128 RR TASK RUNNING init()
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2 128 FIFO TASK WAITSEM nsh_telnetmain()
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3 100 RR PTHREAD WAITSEM <pthread>(21)
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nsh>
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o ping [-c <count>] [-i <interval>] <ip-address>
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Test the network communication with a remote peer. Example,
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nsh> 10.0.0.1
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PING 10.0.0.1 56 bytes of data
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56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=1 time=0 ms
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56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=2 time=0 ms
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56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=3 time=0 ms
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56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=4 time=0 ms
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56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=5 time=0 ms
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56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=6 time=0 ms
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56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=7 time=0 ms
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56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=8 time=0 ms
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56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=9 time=0 ms
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56 bytes from 10.0.0.1: icmp_seq=10 time=0 ms
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10 packets transmitted, 10 received, 0% packet loss, time 10190 ms
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nsh>
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o put [-b|-n] [-f <remote-path>] -h <ip-address> <local-path>
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Copy the file at <local-address> to the host whose IP address is
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identified by <ip-address>. Other options:
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-f <remote-path>
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The file will be saved with the same name on the host unless
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unless <local-path> is provided.
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-b|-n
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Selects either binary ("octect") or test ("netascii") transfer
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mode. Default: text.
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o pwd
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Show the current working directory.
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nsh> cd /dev
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nsh> pwd
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/dev
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nsh>
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Same as 'echo $PWD'
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nsh> echo $PWD
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/dev
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nsh>
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o rm <file-path>
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Remove the specified <file-path> name from the mounted file system.
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Recall that NuttX uses a pseudo filesystem for its root file system.
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The rm command can only be used to remove (unlink) files in volumes
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set up with the mount command; it cannot be used to remove names from
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the pseudo filesystem.
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Example:
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^^^^^^^^
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nsh> ls /mnt/fs/testdir
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/mnt/fs/testdir:
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TESTFILE.TXT
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EXAMPLE.TXT
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nsh> rm /mnt/fs/testdir/example.txt
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nsh> ls /mnt/fs/testdir
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/mnt/fs/testdir:
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TESTFILE.TXT
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nsh>
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o rmdir <dir-path>
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Remove the specified <dir-path> directory from the mounted file system.
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Recall that NuttX uses a pseudo filesystem for its root file system. The
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rmdir command can only be used to remove directories from volumes set up
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with the mount command; it cannot be used to remove directories from the
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pseudo filesystem.
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Example:
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^^^^^^^^
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nsh> mkdir /mnt/fs/tmp
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nsh> ls -l /mnt/fs
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/mnt/fs:
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drw-rw-rw- 0 TESTDIR/
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drw-rw-rw- 0 TMP/
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nsh> rmdir /mnt/fs/tmp
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nsh> ls -l /mnt/fs
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ls -l /mnt/fs
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/mnt/fs:
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drw-rw-rw- 0 TESTDIR/
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nsh>
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o set <name> <value>
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Set the environment variable <name> to the sting <value>.
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For example,
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nsh> echo $foobar
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nsh> set foobar foovalue
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nsh> echo $foobar
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foovalue
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nsh>
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o sh <script-path>
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Execute the sequence of NSH commands in the file referred
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to by <script-path>.
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o sleep <sec>
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Pause execution (sleep) of <sec> seconds.
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o unset <name>
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Remove the value associated with the environment variable
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<name>. Example:
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nsh> echo $foobar
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foovalue
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nsh> unset foobar
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nsh> echo $foobar
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nsh>
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o usleep <usec>
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Pause execution (sleep) of <usec> microseconds.
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NSH Configuration Settings
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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The availability of the above commands depends upon features that
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may or may not be enabled in the NuttX configuration file. The
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following table indicates the dependency of each command on NuttX
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configuration settings. General configuration settings are discussed
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in the NuttX Porting Guide. Configuration settings specific to NSH
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as discussed at the bottom of this README file.
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Command Dependencies on Configuration Settings
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^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
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Command Depends on Configuration
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---------- --------------------------
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[ !CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_DISABLESCRIPT
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cat CONFIG_NFILE_DESCRIPTORS > 0
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cd !CONFIG_DISABLE_ENVIRON && CONFIG_NFILE_DESCRIPTORS > 0
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cp CONFIG_NFILE_DESCRIPTORS > 0
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echo --
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exec --
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exit --
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get CONFIG_NET && CONFIG_NET_UDP && CONFIG_NFILE_DESCRIPTORS > 0
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help --
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ifconfig CONFIG_NET
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ls CONFIG_NFILE_DESCRIPTORS > 0
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mb,mh,mw ---
|
|
mem ---
|
|
mkdir !CONFIG_DISABLE_MOUNTPOINT && CONFIG_NFILE_DESCRIPTORS > 0
|
|
mkfatfs !CONFIG_DISABLE_MOUNTPOINT && CONFIG_NFILE_DESCRIPTORS > 0 && CONFIG_FS_FAT
|
|
mkfifo !CONFIG_DISABLE_MOUNTPOINT && CONFIG_NFILE_DESCRIPTORS > 0
|
|
mount !CONFIG_DISABLE_MOUNTPOINT && CONFIG_NFILE_DESCRIPTORS > 0 && CONFIG_FS_FAT
|
|
ping CONFIG_NET && CONFIG_NET_ICMP && CONFIG_NET_ICMP_PING && !CONFIG_DISABLE_CLOCK && !CONFIG_DISABLE_SIGNALS
|
|
ps --
|
|
put CONFIG_NET && CONFIG_NET_UDP && CONFIG_NFILE_DESCRIPTORS > 0
|
|
pwd !CONFIG_DISABLE_ENVIRON && CONFIG_NFILE_DESCRIPTORS > 0
|
|
rm !CONFIG_DISABLE_MOUNTPOINT && CONFIG_NFILE_DESCRIPTORS > 0
|
|
rmdir !CONFIG_DISABLE_MOUNTPOINT && CONFIG_NFILE_DESCRIPTORS > 0
|
|
set !CONFIG_DISABLE_ENVIRON
|
|
sh CONFIG_NFILE_DESCRIPTORS > 0 && CONFIG_NFILE_STREAMS > 0 && !CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_DISABLESCRIPT
|
|
sleep !CONFIG_DISABLE_SIGNALS
|
|
test !CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_DISABLESCRIPT
|
|
umount !CONFIG_DISABLE_MOUNTPOINT && CONFIG_NFILE_DESCRIPTORS > 0 && CONFIG_FS_FAT
|
|
unset !CONFIG_DISABLE_ENVIRON
|
|
usleep !CONFIG_DISABLE_SIGNALS
|
|
|
|
NSH-Specific Configuration Settings
|
|
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
|
|
|
The behavior of NSH can be modified with the following settings in
|
|
the configs/<board-name>/defconfig file:
|
|
|
|
* CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_FILEIOSIZE
|
|
Size of a static I/O buffer used for file access (ignored if
|
|
there is no filesystem).
|
|
|
|
* CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_STRERROR
|
|
strerror(errno) makes more readable output but strerror() is
|
|
very large and will not be used unless this setting is 'y'
|
|
|
|
* CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_LINELEN
|
|
The maximum length of one command line and of one output line.
|
|
Default: 80
|
|
|
|
* CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_STACKSIZE
|
|
The stack size to use when spawning new threads or tasks. Such
|
|
new threads are generated when a command is executed in background
|
|
or as new TELNET connections are established.
|
|
|
|
* CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_NESTDEPTH
|
|
The maximum number of nested if-then[-else]-fi sequences that
|
|
are permissable. Default: 3
|
|
|
|
* CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_DISABLESCRIPT
|
|
This can be set to 'y' to suppress support for scripting. This
|
|
setting disables the 'sh', 'test', and '[' commands and the
|
|
if-then[-else]-fi construct. This would only be set on systems
|
|
where a minimal footprint is a necessity and scripting is not.
|
|
|
|
* CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_DISABLEBG
|
|
This can be set to 'y' to suppress support for background
|
|
commands. This setting disables the 'nice' command prefix and
|
|
the '&' command suffix. This would only be set on systems
|
|
where a minimal footprint is a necessity and background command
|
|
execution is not.
|
|
|
|
* CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_CONSOLE
|
|
If CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_CONSOLE is set to 'y', then a serial
|
|
console front-end is selected.
|
|
|
|
* CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_TELNET
|
|
If CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_TELNET is set to 'y', then a TELENET
|
|
server front-end is selected. When this option is provided,
|
|
you may log into NuttX remotely using telnet in order to
|
|
access NSH.
|
|
|
|
One or both of CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_CONSOLE and CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_TELNET
|
|
must be defined. If CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_TELNET is selected, then there some
|
|
other configuration settings that apply:
|
|
|
|
* CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_IOBUFFER_SIZE
|
|
Determines the size of the I/O buffer to use for sending/
|
|
receiving TELNET commands/reponses
|
|
|
|
* CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_DHCPC
|
|
Obtain the the IP address via DHCP.
|
|
|
|
* CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_IPADDR
|
|
If CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_DHCPC is NOT set, then the static IP
|
|
address must be provided.
|
|
|
|
* CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_DRIPADDR
|
|
Default router IP address
|
|
|
|
* CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_NETMASK
|
|
Network mask
|
|
|
|
* CONFIG_EXAMPLES_NSH_NOMAC
|
|
Set if your ethernet hardware has no built-in MAC address.
|
|
If set, a bogus MAC will be assigned.
|
|
|