264 lines
9.1 KiB
ReStructuredText
264 lines
9.1 KiB
ReStructuredText
.. include:: /substitutions.rst
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.. _install:
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==========
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Installing
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==========
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The first step to get started with NuttX is to install a series of required tools,
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a toolchain for the architecture you will be working with and, finally, download
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NuttX source code itself.
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Prerequisites
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=============
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First, install the following set of system dependencies according to your Operating System:
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.. tabs::
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.. tab:: Linux (debian based)
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Run the following command to install packages:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ sudo apt install \
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$ bison flex gettext texinfo libncurses5-dev libncursesw5-dev xxd \
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$ git gperf automake libtool pkg-config build-essential gperf genromfs \
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$ libgmp-dev libmpc-dev libmpfr-dev libisl-dev binutils-dev libelf-dev \
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$ libexpat1-dev gcc-multilib g++-multilib picocom u-boot-tools util-linux
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.. tab:: Linux (Fedora / RPM based)
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Run the following command to install packages:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ sudo dnf install \
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$ bison flex gettext texinfo ncurses-devel ncurses ncurses-compat-libs \
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$ git gperf automake libtool pkgconfig @development-tools gperf genromfs \
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$ gmp-devel mpfr-devel libmpc-devel isl-devel binutils-devel elfutils-libelf-devel \
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$ expat-devel gcc-c++ g++ picocom uboot-tools util-linux
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.. tab:: macOS
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Run the following command to install packages:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ brew tap discoteq/discoteq
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$ brew install flock
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$ brew install x86_64-elf-gcc # Used by simulator
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$ brew install u-boot-tools # Some platform integrate with u-boot
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.. tab:: Windows / WSL
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If you are are building Apache NuttX on Windows and using WSL follow
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that installation guide for Linux. This has been verified against the
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Ubuntu 18.04 version.
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There may be complications interacting with
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programming tools over USB. Recently support for USBIP was added to WSL 2
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which has been used with the STM32 platform, but it is not trivial to configure:
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https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/connect-usb
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.. tab:: Windows/Cygwin
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Download and install `Cygwin <https://www.cygwin.com/>`_ using the minimal
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installation in addition to these packages::
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make bison libmpc-devel
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gcc-core byacc automake-1.15
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gcc-g++ gperf libncurses-devel
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flex gdb libmpfr-devel
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git unzip zlib-devel
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KConfig frontend
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----------------
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NuttX configuration system uses `KConfig <https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/kbuild/kconfig-language.txt>`_
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which is exposed via a series of interactive menu-based *frontends*, part of the
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``kconfig-frontends`` package. Depending on your OS you may use a precompiled
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package or you will have to build it from source, which is available in the
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`NuttX tools repository <https://bitbucket.org/nuttx/tools/src/master/kconfig-frontends/>`_:
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.. tabs::
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.. code-tab:: console Ubuntu 20.04 LTS and later
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$ sudo apt install kconfig-frontends
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.. code-tab:: console Ubuntu 18.04 LTS and earlier
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$ git clone https://bitbucket.org/nuttx/tools.git
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$ cd tools/kconfig-frontends
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$ ./configure --enable-mconf --disable-nconf --disable-gconf --disable-qconf
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$ make
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$ make install
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.. code-tab:: console Fedora
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$ git clone https://bitbucket.org/nuttx/tools.git
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$ cd tools/kconfig-frontends
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$ ./configure --enable-mconf --disable-nconf --disable-gconf --disable-qconf
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$ aclocal
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$ automake
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$ make
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$ sudo make install
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.. code-tab:: console macOS
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$ git clone https://bitbucket.org/nuttx/tools.git
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$ cd tools/kconfig-frontends
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$ patch < ../kconfig-macos.diff -p 1
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$ ./configure --enable-mconf --disable-shared --enable-static --disable-gconf --disable-qconf --disable-nconf
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$ make
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$ sudo make install
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NuttX also supports `kconfiglib <https://github.com/ulfalizer/Kconfiglib>`_ by
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default, which is a Kconfig tool implemented in Python 2/3. Compared with
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``kconfig-frontends``, kconfiglib provides NuttX with the possibility of
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multi-platform support(configure NuttX in Windows native/Visual Studio), and also
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``kconfiglib`` has a stronger Kconfig syntax check, this will help developers to avoid
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some Kconfig syntax errors. Install kconfiglib via following command:
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.. code-block:: shell
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pip install kconfiglib
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If you are a working on Windows, which also need the support of windows-curses:
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.. code-block:: shell
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pip install windows-curses
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.. tip::
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It should be noted that kconfiglib does not support **modules** attributes.
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(https://github.com/ulfalizer/Kconfiglib/blob/master/kconfiglib.py#L3239-L3254,
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the community seems to have stopped updating), if the features depends on
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``CONFIG_BUILD_LOADABLE``, kconfiglib may not be a good choice.
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Toolchain
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=========
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To build Apache NuttX you need the appropriate toolchain
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according to your target platform. Some Operating Systems
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such as Linux distribute toolchains for various architectures.
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This is usually an easy choice however you should be aware
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that in some cases the version offered by your OS may have
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problems and it may be better to use a widely used build from
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another source.
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The following example shows how to install a toolchain for
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ARM architecture:
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.. tabs::
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.. code-tab:: console Ubuntu (deb)
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$ sudo apt install gcc-arm-none-eabi binutils-arm-none-eabi
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.. tab:: macOS
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For 32 bit ARM targets, such as STM32:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ brew install --cask gcc-arm-embedded
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For 64 bit ARM targets, such as Allwinner A64:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ brew install --cask gcc-aarch64-embedded
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.. tab:: From arm.com
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First, create a directory to hold the toolchain:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ usermod -a -G users $USER
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$ # get a login shell that knows we're in this group:
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$ su - $USER
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$ sudo mkdir /opt/gcc
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$ sudo chgrp -R users /opt/gcc
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$ sudo chmod -R u+rw /opt/gcc
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$ cd /opt/gcc
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Download and extract toolchain:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ HOST_PLATFORM=x86_64-linux # use 'aarch64-linux' for ARM64 Linux, or 'mac' for Intel macOS
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$ # For Windows there is a zip instead (gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10-win32.zip)
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$ curl -L -O https://armkeil.blob.core.windows.net/developer/Files/downloads/gnu-rm/10.3-2021.10/gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10-${HOST_PLATFORM}.tar.bz2
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$ tar xf gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10-${HOST_PLATFORM}.tar.bz2
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Add the toolchain to your `PATH`:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ echo "export PATH=/opt/gcc/gcc-arm-none-eabi-10.3-2021.10/bin:$PATH" >> ~/.bashrc
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You can edit your shell's rc files if you don't use bash.
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.. tip::
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There are hints on how to get the latest tool chains for most supported
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architectures in the Apache NuttX CI helper
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`script <https://github.com/apache/nuttx/tree/master/tools/ci/cibuild.sh>`_
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and Docker `container <https://github.com/apache/nuttx/tree/master/tools/ci/docker/linux/Dockerfile>`_
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.. todo::
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Required toolchain should be part of each arch documentation (see `relevant issue <https://github.com/apache/nuttx/issues/2409>`_).
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Download NuttX
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==============
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Apache NuttX is actively developed on GitHub. There are two main repositories,
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`nuttx <https://github.com/apache/nuttx>`_ and `apps <https://github.com/apache/nuttx-apps>`_,
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where the latter is technically optional (but recommended for complete set of
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features). If you intend to contribute changes, you need the absolute latest
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version or you simply prefer to work using git, you should clone these
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repositories (recommended). Otherwise you can choose to download any
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`stable release <https://nuttx.apache.org/download/>`_ archive.
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.. tabs::
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.. tab:: Clone git repositories
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.. code-block:: console
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$ mkdir nuttxspace
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$ cd nuttxspace
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$ git clone https://github.com/apache/nuttx.git nuttx
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$ git clone https://github.com/apache/nuttx-apps apps
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The development source code is also available as a compressed archive, should you need it:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ mkdir nuttxspace
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$ cd nuttxspace
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$ curl -L https://github.com/apache/nuttx/tarball/master -o nuttx.tar.gz
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$ curl -L https://github.com/apache/nuttx-apps/tarball/master -o apps.tar.gz
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$ tar zxf nuttx.tar.gz --one-top-level=nuttx --strip-components 1
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$ tar zxf apps.tar.gz --one-top-level=apps --strip-components 1
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There are also ``.zip`` archives available (useful for Windows users): just replace ``tarball`` with
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``zipball``.
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.. tab:: Download stable release
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Go to `releases <https://nuttx.apache.org/download/>`_ and choose a version to download. The following
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example uses version 12.2.1:
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.. code-block:: console
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$ mkdir nuttxspace
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$ cd nuttxspace
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$ curl -L https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.lua/nuttx/12.2.1/apache-nuttx-12.2.1.tar.gz?action=download -o nuttx.tar.gz
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$ curl -L https://www.apache.org/dyn/closer.lua/nuttx/12.2.1/apache-nuttx-apps-12.2.1.tar.gz?action=download -o apps.tar.gz
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$ tar zxf nuttx.tar.gz
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$ tar zxf apps.tar.gz
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