635 lines
23 KiB
Plaintext
635 lines
23 KiB
Plaintext
README
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======
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This README discusses issues unique to NuttX configurations for the
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Mikroe Flip&Click SAM3X board. This board is an Arduino-Due work-alike
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with four Mikroe Click bus interfaces. Like the Arduino-Due, this board
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features the Atmel ATSAM3X8E MCU running at 84 MHz.
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Thanks to John Legg for contributing the Flip&Click SAM3X board!
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Contents
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========
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- STATUS
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- Buttons and LEDs
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- Serial Consoles
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- SPI
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- I2C
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- SSD1306 OLED
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- Loading Code
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- Flip&Click SAM3X-specific Configuration Options
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- Configurations
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STATUS
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======
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2018-01-07: Created the configuration. At present it does not work; I
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believe because of tool-related issues. See discussion under "Loading
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Code" below.
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2018-01-24: I ordered a JTAG connector and soldered that to the Flip'n'Click
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and I am now successfully able to load code. The NSH configuration appears
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to be fully functional.
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2018-02-11: Added the nxlines configuration to test the custom HiletGo
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OLED on a Click proto board. This is the same logic from the Flip&Click
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PIC32MZ and the result is the same: No complaints from the software, but
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nothing appears on the OLED. There is, most likely, an error in my custom
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HiletGo Click. Damn!
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Buttons and LEDs
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================
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Buttons
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-------
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There are no buttons on the Flip&Click SAM3X board.
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LEDs
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----
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There are four LEDs on the top, blue side of the board. Only
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one can be controlled by software:
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LED L - PB27 (PWM13)
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There are also four LEDs on the back, white side of the board:
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LED A - PC6
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LED B - PC5
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LED C - PC7
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LED D - PC8
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A high output value illuminates the LEDs.
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These LEDs are available to the application and are all available to the
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application unless CONFIG_ARCH_LEDS is defined. In that case, the usage
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by the board port is defined in include/board.h and src/sam_autoleds.c.
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The LEDs are used to encode OS-related events as follows:
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SYMBOL MEANING LED STATE
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L A B C D
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---------------- ----------------------- --- --- --- --- ---
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LED_STARTED NuttX has been started OFF ON OFF OFF OFF
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LED_HEAPALLOCATE Heap has been allocated OFF OFF ON OFF OFF
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LED_IRQSENABLED Interrupts enabled OFF OFF OFF ON OFF
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LED_STACKCREATED Idle stack created OFF OFF OFF OFF ON
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LED_INIRQ In an interrupt GLO N/C N/C N/C N/C
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LED_SIGNAL In a signal handler GLO N/C N/C N/C N/C
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LED_ASSERTION An assertion failed GLO N/C N/C N/C N/C
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LED_PANIC The system has crashed 2Hz N/C N/C N/C N/C
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LED_IDLE MCU is is sleep mode ---- Not used -----
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Thus if LED L is glowing faintly and all other LEDs are off (except LED D
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which was left on but is no longer controlled by NuttX and so may be in any
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state), NuttX has successfully booted and is, apparently, running normally
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and taking interrupts. If any of LEDs A-D are statically set, then NuttX
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failed to boot and the LED indicates the initialization phase where the
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failure occurred. If LED L is flashing at approximately 2Hz, then a fatal
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error has been detected and the system has halted.
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NOTE: After booting, LEDs A-D are no longer used by the system and may
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be controlled the application.
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Serial Consoles
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===============
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The SAM3X has a UART and 4 USARTS. The Programming port uses a USB-to-
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serial chip connected to the first of the MCU (RX0 and TX0 on PA8 and PA9,
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respectively). The output from that port is visible using the Arduino tool.
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[NOTE: My experience so far: I get serial output on the virtual COM port
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via the UART, but I receive no serial input for keyboard data entered in
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the PC serial terminal. I have not investigated this problem. It may
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be something as simple as the Rx pin configuration. Instead, I just
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switched to USART0.]
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Other convenient U[S]ARTs that may be used as the Serial console include:
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1) An Arduino Serial Shield. The RX and TX pins are available on the
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Arduino connector D0 and D1 pins, respectively. These are connected
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to USART0, RXD0 and TXD0 which are PA10 and PA11, respectively.
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2) Mikroe Click Serial Shield. There are four Click bus connectors with
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serial ports available as follows:
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Click A: USART0 RXD0 and TXD0 which are, again, PA10 and PA11.
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Click B: USART1 RXD1 and TXD1 which are PA12 and PA13, respectively.
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Click C: USART3 RXD3 and TXD3 which are PD5 and PD4, respectively.
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Click D: USART3 RXD3 and TXD3 which are, again, PD5 and PD4.
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Other serial ports are probably available on the Arduino connector. I
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will leave that as an exercise for the interested reader.
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The outputs from these pins is 3.3V. You will need to connect RS232
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transceiver to get the signals to RS232 levels (or connect to the
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USB virtual COM port in the case of UART0).
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Any of UART and USART0-3 may be used as a serial console. UART0 would
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be the preferred default console setting. However, due to the communication
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problems mentioned above, USART0 is used as the default serial console
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in all configurations. But that is easily changed by modifying the
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configuration as described under "Configurations" below.
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SPI
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===
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SPI0 is available on the Arduino compatible SPI connector (but no SPI is
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available on pins D10-D13 of the main Arduino Shield connectors where
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you might expect then). The SPI connector is configured as follows:
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Pin Board Signal SAM3X Pin Board Signal SAM3X
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--- ------------ ----- --- ------------ -----
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1 SPI0_MISO PA25 2 VCC-5V N/A
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3 SPI0_SCK PA27 4 SPI0_MOSI PA26
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5 MRST NRSTB 6 GND N/A
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SPI0 is also available on each of the mikroBUS Click connectors (in
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addition to 5V and GND). The connectivity differs only in the chip
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select pin:
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MikroBUS A: MikroBUS B:
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Pin Board Signal SAM3X Pin Board Signal SAM3X
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---- ------------ ----- ---- ------------ -----
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CS SPI0_CS0 PA28 CS PA29 PA29
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SCK SPI0_SCK PA27 SCK SPI0_SCK PA27
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MISO SPI0_MISO PA25 MISO SPI0_MISO PA25
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MOSI SPI0_MOSI PA26 MOSI SPI0_MOSI PA26
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MikroBUS C: MikroBUS D:
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Pin Board Signal SAM3X Pin Board Signal SAM3X
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---- ------------ ----- ---- ------------ -----
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CS SPI0_CS2 PB21 CS SPI0_CS3 PB23
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SCK SPI0_SCK PA27 SCK SPI0_SCK PA27
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MISO SPI0_MISO PA25 MISO SPI0_MISO PA25
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MOSI SPI0_MOSI PA26 MOSI SPI0_MOSI PA26
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I2C
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===
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I2C0 is available on pins D16-D17 of the Arduino Shield connectors where
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you would expect then. The SPI connector is configured as follows:
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Pin Label J1 Board Signal SAM3X
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--- ----- -- ------------ -----
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D16 SCL1 8 I2C0_SCL PA17
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D17 SDA1 7 I2C0_SDA PA18
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I2C0 and I2C1 are also available on the mikroBUS Click connectors (in
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addition to 5V and GND). The connectors A and B share I2C0 with the
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Arduino shield connector. Connectors C and D both connect to I2C1:
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MikroBUS A: MikroBUS B:
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Pin Board Signal SAM3X Pin Board Signal SAM3X
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---- ------------ ----- ---- ------------ -------
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SCL I2C0_SCL PA17 SCL I2C0_SCL PA17
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SDA I2C0_SDA PA1 SDA I2C0_SDA PA18
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MikroBUS C: MikroBUS D:
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Pin Board Signal SAM3X Pin Board Signal SAM3X
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---- ------------ ----- ---- ------------ -------
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SCL I2C1_SCL PB13 SCL I2C1_SCL PB13
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SDA I2C1_SDA PB12 SDA I2C1_SDA PB12
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SSD1306 OLED
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============
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Hardware
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--------
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The HiletGo is a 128x64 OLED that can be driven either via SPI or I2C (SPI
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is the default and is what is used here). I have mounted the OLED on a
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proto click board. The OLED is connected as follows:
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OLED ALIAS DESCRIPTION PROTO CLICK
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----- ----------- ------------- -----------------
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GND Ground GND
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VCC Power Supply 5V (3-5V)
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D0 SCL,CLK,SCK Clock SCK
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D1 SDA,MOSI Data MOSI,SDI
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RES RST,RESET Reset RST (GPIO OUTPUT)
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DC AO Data/Command INT (GPIO OUTPUT)
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CS Chip Select CS (GPIO OUTPUT)
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NOTE that this is a write-only display (MOSI only)!
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Loading Code
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============
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[NOTE: This text was mostly copied from the Arduino Due README.txt. I
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believe, however, that there have been significant changes to the
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tool environment such that Bossac may no longer be usable. I don't
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know that for certain and perhaps someone with more knowledge of
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the tools than I could make this work. See STATUS below for the
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current issues that I see.]
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Installing the Arduino USB Driver under Windows
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-----------------------------------------------
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1. Download the Windows version of the Arduino software, not the 1.0.x
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release but the latest (1.5.x or later) that supports the Arduino
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Due. When the download finishes, unzip the downloaded file.
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In the current 1.8.x release, the Arduino Due support is not included
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in the base package but can be added by selecting the "Boards Manager"
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from the "Tools" menu.
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2. Connect the Flip&Click to your computer with a USB cable via the
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Programming port.
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3. The Windows driver installation should fail.
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4. Open the Device Manager
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5. Look for the listing named "Ports (COM & LPT)". You should see an open
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port named "Arduino Due Prog. Port". Right click and select "Update
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driver".
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6. Select the "Browse my computer for Driver software" option.
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7. Right click on the "Arduino Due Prog. Port" and choose "Update Driver
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Software".
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8. Navigate to the folder with the Arduino IDE you downloaded and unzipped
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earlier. Locate and select the "Drivers" folder in the main Arduino
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folder (not the "FTDI USB Drivers" sub-directory).
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Loading NuttX to the Flip&Click Using Bossa
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-------------------------------------------
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Arduino uses BOSSA under the hood to load code and you can use BOSSA
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outside of Arduino.
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Where do you get it?
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Generic BOSSA installation files are available here:
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https://github.com/shumatech/BOSSA (formerly at
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http://sourceforge.net/projects/b-o-s-s-a/?source=dlp)
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Pre-built binaries are available: https://github.com/shumatech/BOSSA/releases
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The original Arduino DUE used a patched version of BOSSA available
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as source code here: https://github.com/shumatech/BOSSA/tree/arduino
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But that has most likely been incorporated into the main github
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repository.
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But, fortunately, since you already installed Arduino, you already have
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BOSSA installed. In my installation, it is here:
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C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\arduino-1.5.2\hardware\tools\bossac.exe
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General Procedure
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1) Erase the FLASH and put the Flip&Click in bootloader mode
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2) Write the file to FLASH
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3) Configure to boot from FLASH
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4) Reset the Flip&Click
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Erase FLASH and Put the Flip&Click in Bootloader Mode
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This is accomplished by simply configuring the programming port in 1200
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baud and sending something on the programming port. Here is some sample
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output from a Windows CMD.exe shell. NOTE that my Arduino programming
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port shows up as COM7. It may be different on your system.
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To enter boot mode, set the baud to 1200 and send anything to the
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programming port:
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C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\arduino-1.5.2\hardware\tools>mode com26:1200,n,8,1
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Status for device COM7:
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------------------------
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Baud: 1200
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Parity: None
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Data Bits: 8
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Stop Bits: 1
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Timeout: ON
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XON/XOFF: OFF
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CTS handshaking: OFF
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DSR handshaking: OFF
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DSR sensitivity: OFF
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DTR circuit: ON
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RTS circuit: ON
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C:\Program Files (x86)\Arduino\arduino-1.5.2\hardware\tools>bossac.exe --port=COM7 --usb-port=false -i
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Device : ATSAM3X8
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Version : v1.1 Dec 15 2010 19:25:04
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Address : 0x80000
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Pages : 2048
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Page Size : 256 bytes
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Total Size : 512KB
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Planes : 2
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Lock Regions : 32
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Locked : none
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Security : false
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Boot Flash : false
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Writing FLASH and Setting FLASH Boot Mode
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In a Cygwin BaSH shell:
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export PATH="/cygdrive/c/Program Files (x86)/Arduino/arduino-1.5.2/hardware/tools":$PATH
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Erasing, writing, and verifying FLASH with bossac:
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$ bossac.exe --port=COM7 --usb-port=false -e -w -v -b nuttx.bin -R
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Erase flash
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Write 86588 bytes to flash
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[==============================] 100% (339/339 pages)
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Verify 86588 bytes of flash
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[==============================] 100% (339/339 pages)
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Verify successful
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Set boot flash true
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CPU reset.
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Some things that can go wrong:
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$ bossac.exe --port=COM7 --usb-port=false -e -w -v -b nuttx.bin -R
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No device found on COM7
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This error means that there is code running on the Flip&Click already
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so the bootloader cannot connect. Press reset and try again
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$ bossac.exe --port=COM7 --usb-port=false -e -w -v -b nuttx.bin -R
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No device found on COM7
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Sill No connection because the board does not jump to bootloader after
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reset. Set the baud to 1200 and send something then try again
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$ bossac.exe --port=COM7 --usb-port=false -e -w -v -b nuttx.bin -R
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Erase flash
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Write 86588 bytes to flash
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[==============================] 100% (339/339 pages)
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Verify 86588 bytes of flash
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[==============================] 100% (339/339 pages)
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Verify successful
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Set boot flash true
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CPU reset.
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Other useful bossac operations.
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a) Write code to FLASH don't change boot mode and don't reset. This lets
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you examine the FLASH contents that you just loaded while the bootloader
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is still active.
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$ bossac.exe --port=COM7 --usb-port=false -e -w -v --boot=0 nuttx.bin
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Write 64628 bytes to flash
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[==============================] 100% (253/253 pages)
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Verify 64628 bytes of flash
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[==============================] 100% (253/253 pages)
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Verify successful
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b) Verify the FLASH contents (the bootloader must be running)
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$ bossac.exe --port=COM7 --usb-port=false -v nuttx.bin
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Verify 64628 bytes of flash
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[==============================] 100% (253/253 pages)
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Verify successful
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c) Read from FLASH to a file (the bootloader must be running):
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$ bossac.exe --port=COM7 --usb-port=false --read=4096 nuttx.dump
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Read 4096 bytes from flash
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[==============================] 100% (16/16 pages)
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d) Change to boot from FLASH
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$ bossac.exe --port=COM7 --usb-port=false --boot=1
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Set boot flash true
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STATUS:
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At present this procedure does not work. I do the following:
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a) Open TeraTerm, select COM7 at 1200 baud, type a few ENTERs, and
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close teraterm.
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b) Execute the following command which claims to have successfully
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written to FLASH.
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bossac.exe --info --debug --port COM7 --usb-port=0 --erase --write --verify -b nuttx.bin -R
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But the code does not boot. There is no indication of life.
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c) Repeat a) then
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bossac.exe --info --debug --port COM7 --usb-port=0 --verify -b nuttx.bin
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And it says that the content of the FLASH is not good.
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Uploading NuttX to the Flip&Click Using JTAG
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--------------------------------------------
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The JTAG/SWD signals are brought out to a 10-pin header JTAG connector:
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PIN SIGNAL JTAG STANDARD NOTES
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--- -------------- ----------------- --------------------------------
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1 VCC-3.3V VTref
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2 JTAG_TMS SWDIO/TMS SAM3X pin 31, Pulled up on board
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3 GND GND
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4 JTAG_TCK SWDCLK/TCK SAM3X pin 28, Pulled up on board
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5 GND GND
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6 JTAG_TDO SWO/EXta/TRACECTL SAM3X pin 30, Pulled up on board
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7 N/C Key
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8 JTAG_TDI NC/EXTb/TDI SAM3X pin 29, Pulled up on board
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9 GND GNDDetect
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10 MRST nReset
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NOTE: The 10-pin JTAG connector is not populated on the Flip&Click
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SAM3X. This is the part number for the SMD connector recommended by
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ARM.com: Samtec FTSH-105-01-L-DV-K. For example:
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https://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/samtec-inc/FTSH-105-01-L-DV-K/SAM8799-ND/1875039
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You should be able to use a 10- to 20-pin adapter to connect a SAM-ICE
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or J-Link debugger to the Flip&Click SAM3X. I have this Olimex adapter:
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https://www.olimex.com/Products/ARM/JTAG/ARM-JTAG-20-10/ . I have been
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loading code and debugging with no problems using JTAG.
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Flip&Click SAM3X-specific Configuration Options
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===============================================
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CONFIG_ARCH - Identifies the arch/ subdirectory. This should
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be set to:
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CONFIG_ARCH=arm
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CONFIG_ARCH_family - For use in C code:
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CONFIG_ARCH_ARM=y
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CONFIG_ARCH_architecture - For use in C code:
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CONFIG_ARCH_CORTEXM3=y
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CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP - Identifies the arch/*/chip subdirectory
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CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP="sam34"
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CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP_name - For use in C code to identify the exact
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chip:
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CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP_SAM34
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CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP_SAM3X
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CONFIG_ARCH_CHIP_ATSAM3X8E
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CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD - Identifies the boards/ subdirectory and
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hence, the board that supports the particular chip or SoC.
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CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD=flipnclick-sam3x (for the Flip&Click SAM3X development board)
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CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD_name - For use in C code
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CONFIG_ARCH_BOARD_FLIPNCLICK_SAM3X=y
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CONFIG_ARCH_LOOPSPERMSEC - Must be calibrated for correct operation
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of delay loops
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CONFIG_RAM_SIZE - Describes the installed DRAM (SRAM in this case):
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CONFIG_RAM_SIZE=65536 (64Kb)
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CONFIG_RAM_START - The start address of installed DRAM
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CONFIG_RAM_START=0x20000000
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CONFIG_ARCH_LEDS - Use LEDs to show state. Unique to boards that
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have LEDs
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Individual subsystems can be enabled:
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CONFIG_SAM34_ADC12B - 12-bit Analog To Digital Converter
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_CAN0 - CAN Controller 0
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_CAN1 - CAN Controller 1
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_DACC - Digital To Analog Converter
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_DMAC0 - DMA Controller
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_EMAC - Ethernet MAC
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_HSMCI - High Speed Multimedia Card Interface
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_PWM - Pulse Width Modulation
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_RTC - Real Time Clock
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_RTT - Real Time Timer
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_SDRAMC - SDRAM Controller
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_SMC - Static Memory Controller
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_SPI0 - Serial Peripheral Interface 0
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_SPI1 - Serial Peripheral Interface 1
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_SSC - Synchronous Serial Controller
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_TC0 - Timer Counter 0
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_TC1 - Timer Counter 1
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_TC2 - Timer Counter 2
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_TC3 - Timer Counter 3
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_TC4 - Timer Counter 4
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_TC5 - Timer Counter 5
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_TC6 - Timer Counter 6
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_TC7 - Timer Counter 7
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_TC8 - Timer Counter 8
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_TRNG - True Random Number Generator
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_TWIM/S0 - Two-Wire Interface 0 (master/slave)
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_TWIM/S1 - Two-Wire Interface 1 (master/slave)
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_UART0 - UART 0
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_UOTGHS - USB OTG High Speed
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_USART0 - USART 0
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_USART1 - USART 1
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_USART2 - USART 2
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_USART3 - USART 3
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_WDT - Watchdog Timer
|
|
|
|
Some subsystems can be configured to operate in different ways. The drivers
|
|
need to know how to configure the subsystem.
|
|
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOA_IRQ
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOB_IRQ
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOC_IRQ
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOD_IRQ
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOE_IRQ
|
|
CONFIG_SAM34_GPIOF_IRQ
|
|
|
|
Configurations
|
|
==============
|
|
|
|
Each Flip&Click SAM3X configuration is maintained in a sub-directory and
|
|
can be selected as follow:
|
|
|
|
tools/configure.sh [OPTIONS] flipnclick-sam3x:<subdir>
|
|
|
|
Where typical options are -l to configure to build on Linux or -c to
|
|
configure for Cygwin under Linux. 'tools/configure.sh -h' will show
|
|
you all of the options.
|
|
|
|
Before building, make sure the PATH environment variable includes the
|
|
correct path to the directory than holds your toolchain binaries.
|
|
|
|
And then build NuttX by simply typing the following. At the conclusion of
|
|
the make, the nuttx binary will reside in an ELF file called, simply,
|
|
nuttx.
|
|
|
|
make
|
|
|
|
The <subdir> that is provided above as an argument to the tools/configure.sh
|
|
must be is one of the following.
|
|
|
|
NOTES:
|
|
|
|
1. These configurations use the mconf-based configuration tool. To
|
|
change any of these configurations using that tool, you should:
|
|
|
|
a. Build and install the kconfig-mconf tool. See nuttx/README.txt
|
|
see additional README.txt files in the NuttX tools repository.
|
|
|
|
b. Execute 'make menuconfig' in nuttx/ in order to start the
|
|
reconfiguration process.
|
|
|
|
2. Unless stated otherwise, all configurations generate console
|
|
output on USART0 which is available either on the Arduion Shield
|
|
connector or on mikroBUS A as described above in the section entitled
|
|
"Serial Consoles".
|
|
|
|
3. Unless otherwise stated, the configurations are setup for
|
|
Cygwin under Windows:
|
|
|
|
Build Setup:
|
|
CONFIG_HOST_WINDOWS=y : Microsoft Windows
|
|
CONFIG_WINDIWS_CYGWIN=y : Cygwin under Windows
|
|
|
|
3. All of these configurations are set up to build under Windows using the
|
|
"GNU Tools for ARM Embedded Processors" that is maintained by ARM
|
|
(unless stated otherwise in the description of the configuration).
|
|
|
|
https://developer.arm.com/open-source/gnu-toolchain/gnu-rm
|
|
|
|
That toolchain selection can easily be reconfigured using
|
|
'make menuconfig'. Here are the relevant current settings:
|
|
|
|
System Type -> Toolchain:
|
|
CONFIG_ARMV7M_TOOLCHAIN_GNU_EABI=y : GNU ARM EABI toolchain for Windows
|
|
|
|
Configuration sub-directories
|
|
-----------------------------
|
|
|
|
nsh:
|
|
This configuration directory will build the NuttShell. See NOTES above.
|
|
|
|
NOTES:
|
|
1. NSH built-in applications are supported. However, there are
|
|
no built-in applications built with the default configuration.
|
|
|
|
Binary Formats:
|
|
CONFIG_BUILTIN=y : Enable support for built-in programs
|
|
|
|
Application Configuration:
|
|
CONFIG_NSH_BUILTIN_APPS=y : Enable starting apps from NSH command line
|
|
|
|
nxlines
|
|
|
|
This is an NSH configuration that supports the NX graphics example at
|
|
apps/examples/nxlines as a built-in application.
|
|
|
|
NOTES:
|
|
|
|
1. This configuration derives from the nsh configuration. All of the
|
|
notes there apply here as well.
|
|
|
|
2. The default configuration assumes there is the custom HiletGo OLED
|
|
in the mikroBUS B slot (and a Mikroe RS-232 Click card in the
|
|
mikroBUS A slot). That is easily changed by reconfiguring, however.
|
|
See the section entitled "HiletGo OLED" for information about this
|
|
custom click card.
|
|
|
|
STATUS:
|
|
2018-02-11: No complaints from the software, but nothing appears on the
|
|
OLED. There is, most likely, an error in my custom HiletGo Click. Damn!
|