324 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
324 lines
10 KiB
Markdown
# libvips : an image processing library
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[](https://travis-ci.org/libvips/libvips)
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[](https://scan.coverity.com/projects/jcupitt-libvips)
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libvips is a [demand-driven, horizontally
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threaded](https://github.com/libvips/libvips/wiki/Why-is-libvips-quick)
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image processing library. Compared to similar
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libraries, [libvips runs quickly and uses little
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memory](https://github.com/libvips/libvips/wiki/Speed-and-memory-use).
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libvips is licensed under the [LGPL
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2.1+](https://www.gnu.org/licenses/old-licenses/lgpl-2.1.en.html).
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It has around [300
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operations](http://libvips.github.io/libvips/API/current/func-list.html)
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covering arithmetic, histograms, convolution, morphological
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operations, frequency filtering, colour, resampling,
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statistics and others. It supports a large range of [numeric
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types](http://libvips.github.io/libvips/API/current/VipsImage.html#VipsBandFormat),
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from 8-bit int to 128-bit complex. Images can have any number of bands.
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It supports a good range of image formats, including JPEG, TIFF, PNG, WebP,
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FITS, Matlab, OpenEXR, PDF, SVG, HDR, PPM, CSV, GIF, Analyze, NIfTI, DeepZoom,
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and OpenSlide. It can also load images via ImageMagick or GraphicsMagick,
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letting it work with formats like DICOM.
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It comes with bindings for
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[C](http://libvips.github.io/libvips/API/current/using-from-c.html),
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[C++](http://libvips.github.io/libvips/API/current/using-from-cpp.html),
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and the
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[command-line](http://libvips.github.io/libvips/API/current/using-cli.html).
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Full bindings are available for [Ruby](https://rubygems.org/gems/ruby-vips),
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[Python](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pyvips),
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[PHP](https://github.com/libvips/php-vips),
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[C# / .NET](https://www.nuget.org/packages/NetVips),
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[Go](https://github.com/davidbyttow/govips), and
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[Lua](https://github.com/libvips/lua-vips). libvips
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is used as an image processing engine by [sharp
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(on node.js)](https://www.npmjs.org/package/sharp),
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[bimg](https://github.com/h2non/bimg), [sharp
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for Go](https://github.com/DAddYE/vips), [Ruby on
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Rails](http://edgeguides.rubyonrails.org/active_storage_overview.html),
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[carrierwave-vips](https://github.com/eltiare/carrierwave-vips),
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[mediawiki](http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:VipsScaler),
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[PhotoFlow](https://github.com/aferrero2707/PhotoFlow) and others.
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The official libvips GUI is [nip2](https://github.com/libvips/nip2),
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a strange combination of a spreadsheet and an photo editor.
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There are packages for most unix-like operating systems and binaries for
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Windows and OS X.
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# Building libvips from a source tarball
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We keep pre-baked tarballs of releases on the vips website:
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https://github.com/libvips/libvips/releases
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Untar, then in the libvips directory you should just be able to do:
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$ ./configure
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Check the summary at the end of `configure` carefully. libvips must have
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`build-essential`, `pkg-config`, `glib2.0-dev`, `libexpat1-dev`.
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You'll need the dev packages for the file format support you want. For basic
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jpeg and tiff support, you'll need `libtiff5-dev`, `libjpeg-turbo8-dev`,
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and `libgsf-1-dev`. See the **Dependencies** section below for a full list
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of the things that libvips can be configured to use.
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Once `configure` is looking OK, compile and install with the usual:
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$ make
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$ sudo make install
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By default this will install files to `/usr/local`.
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We have detailed guides on the wiki for [building on
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Windows](https://github.com/libvips/libvips/wiki/Build-for-Windows) and
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[building on OS X](https://github.com/libvips/libvips/wiki/Build-for-macOS).
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# Testing
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Do a basic test of your build with:
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$ make check
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Run the libvips test suite with:
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$ pytest
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Run a specific test with:
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$ pytest test/test-suite/test_foreign.py -k test_tiff
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You will need to install a variety of Python packages for this, including
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pyvips, the libvips Python binding.
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# Building libvips from git
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Checkout the latest sources with:
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$ git clone git://github.com/libvips/libvips.git
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Building from git needs more packages, you'll need at least `gtk-doc`
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and `gobject-introspection`, see the dependencies section below. For example:
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$ brew install gtk-doc
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Then build the build system with:
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$ ./autogen.sh
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Debug build:
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$ CFLAGS="-g -Wall" CXXFLAGS="-g -Wall" \
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./configure --prefix=/home/john/vips --enable-debug
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$ make
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$ make install
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Leak check:
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$ export G_DEBUG=gc-friendly
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$ valgrind --suppressions=libvips.supp \
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--leak-check=yes \
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vips ... > vips-vg.log 2>&1
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Memory error debug:
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$ valgrind --vgdb=yes --vgdb-error=0 vips ...
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valgrind threading check:
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$ valgrind --tool=helgrind vips ... > vips-vg.log 2>&1
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Clang build:
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$ CC=clang CXX=clang++ ./configure --prefix=/home/john/vips
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Clang static analysis:
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$ scan-build ./configure --disable-introspection --disable-debug
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$ scan-build -o scan -v make
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$ scan-view scan/2013-11-22-2
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Clang dynamic analysis:
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$ FLAGS="-g -O1 -fno-omit-frame-pointer"
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$ CC=clang CXX=clang++ LD=clang \
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CFLAGS="$FLAGS" CXXFLAGS="$FLAGS" LDFLAGS=-fsanitize=address \
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./configure --prefix=/home/john/vips
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$ FLAGS="-O1 -g -fsanitize=thread"
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$ FLAGS="$FLAGS -fPIC"
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$ FLAGS="$FLAGS -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-optimize-sibling-calls"
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$ CC=clang CXX=clang++ LD=clang \
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CFLAGS="$FLAGS" CXXFLAGS="$FLAGS" \
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LDFLAGS="-fsanitize=thread -fPIC" \
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./configure --prefix=/home/john/vips \
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--without-magick \
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--disable-introspection
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$ G_DEBUG=gc-friendly vips copy ~/pics/k2.jpg x.jpg >& log
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Build with the GCC auto-vectorizer and diagnostics (or just -O3):
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$ FLAGS="-O2 -march=native -ffast-math"
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$ FLAGS="$FLAGS -ftree-vectorize -fdump-tree-vect-details"
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$ CFLAGS="$FLAGS" CXXFLAGS="$FLAGS" \
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./configure --prefix=/home/john/vips
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Static analysis with:
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$ cppcheck --force --enable=style . &> cppcheck.log
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# Dependencies
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libvips has to have `glib2.0-dev`. Other dependencies are optional, see below.
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# Optional dependencies
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If suitable versions are found, libvips will add support for the following
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libraries automatically. See `./configure --help` for a set of flags to
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control library detection. Packages are generally found with `pkg-config`,
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so make sure that is working.
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libtiff, giflib and libjpeg do not usually use `pkg-config` so libvips looks for
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them in the default path and in `$prefix`. If you have installed your own
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versions of these libraries in a different location, libvips will not see
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them. Use switches to libvips configure like:
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./configure --prefix=/Users/john/vips \
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--with-giflib-includes=/opt/local/include \
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--with-giflib-libraries=/opt/local/lib \
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--with-tiff-includes=/opt/local/include \
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--with-tiff-libraries=/opt/local/lib \
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--with-jpeg-includes=/opt/local/include \
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--with-jpeg-libraries=/opt/local/lib
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or perhaps:
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CFLAGS="-g -Wall -I/opt/local/include -L/opt/local/lib" \
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CXXFLAGS="-g -Wall -I/opt/local/include -L/opt/local/lib" \
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./configure --prefix=/Users/john/vips
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to get libvips to see your builds.
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### libjpeg
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The IJG JPEG library. Use the `-turbo` version if you can.
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### libexif
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If available, libvips adds support for EXIF metadata in JPEG files.
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### giflib
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The standard gif loader. If this is not present, vips will try to load gifs
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via imagemagick instead.
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### librsvg
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The usual SVG loader. If this is not present, vips will try to load SVGs
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via imagemagick instead.
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### PDFium
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If present, libvips will attempt to load PDFs via PDFium. This library must be
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packaged by https://github.com/jcupitt/docker-builds/tree/master/pdfium
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If PDFium is not detected, libvips will look for poppler-glib instead.
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### libpoppler
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The usual PDF loader. If this is not present, vips will try to load PDFs
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via imagemagick.
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### libgsf-1
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If available, libvips adds support for creating image pyramids with `dzsave`.
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### libtiff
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The TIFF library. It needs to be built with support for JPEG and
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ZIP compression. 3.4b037 and later are known to be OK.
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### fftw3
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If libvips finds this library, it uses it for fourier transforms.
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### lcms2, lcms
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If present, `vips_icc_import()`, `vips_icc_export()` and `vips_icc_transform()`
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are available for transforming images with ICC profiles. If `lcms2` is
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available it is used in preference to `lcms`, since it is faster.
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### Large files
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libvips uses the standard autoconf tests to work out how to support
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large files (>2GB) on your system. Any reasonably recent unix should
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be OK.
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### libpng
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If present, libvips can load and save png files.
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### libimagequant
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If present, libvips can write 8-bit palette-ised PNGs.
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### ImageMagick, or optionally GraphicsMagick
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If available, libvips adds support for loading all libMagick-supported
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image file types. Use `--with-magickpackage=GraphicsMagick` to build against
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graphicsmagick instead.
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Imagemagick 6.9+ needs to have been built with `--with-modules`. Most packaged
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IMs are, I think.
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If you are going to be using libvips with untrusted images, perhaps in a
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web-server, for example, you should consider the security implications of
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using a package with such a large attack surface. You might prefer not to
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enable Magick support.
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### pangoft2
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If available, libvips adds support for text rendering. You need the
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package pangoft2 in `pkg-config --list-all`.
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### orc-0.4
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If available, vips will accelerate some operations with this run-time
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compiler.
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### matio
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If available, vips can load images from Matlab save files.
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### cfitsio
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If available, vips can load FITS images.
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### libwebp
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If available, vips can load and save WebP images.
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### libniftiio
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If available, vips can load and save NIFTI images.
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### OpenEXR
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If available, libvips will directly read (but not write, sadly)
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OpenEXR images.
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### OpenSlide
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If available, libvips can load OpenSlide-supported virtual slide
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files: Aperio, Hamamatsu, Leica, MIRAX, Sakura, Trestle, and Ventana.
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# Disclaimer
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No guarantees of performance accompany this software, nor is any
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responsibility assumed on the part of the authors. Please read the licence
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agreement.
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