nuttx/fs/nxffs/nxffs_open.c

/****************************************************************************
 * fs/nxffs/nxffs_open.c
 *
 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.  The
 * ASF licenses this file to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
 * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the
 * License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
 * WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.  See the
 * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
 * under the License.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

/****************************************************************************
 * Included Files
 ****************************************************************************/

#include <nuttx/config.h>

#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <debug.h>

#include <nuttx/crc32.h>
#include <nuttx/lib/lib.h>
#include <nuttx/fs/fs.h>
#include <nuttx/mtd/mtd.h>

#include "nxffs.h"

/****************************************************************************
 * Private Data
 ****************************************************************************/

/* Since we are limited to a single file opened for writing, it makes sense
 * to pre-allocate the write state structure.
 */

#ifdef CONFIG_NXFFS_PREALLOCATED
static struct nxffs_wrfile_s g_wrfile;
#endif

/****************************************************************************
 * Private Functions
 ****************************************************************************/

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: nxffs_hdrpos
 *
 * Description:
 *   Find a valid location for the inode header.  A valid location will have
 *   these properties:
 *
 *   1. It will lie in the free flash region.
 *   2. It will have enough contiguous memory to hold the entire header
 *      (excluding the file name which may lie in the next block).
 *   3. The memory at this location will be fully erased.
 *
 *   This function will only perform the checks of 1) and 2).
 *
 * Input Parameters:
 *   volume - Describes the NXFFS volume
 *   wrfile - Contains the current guess for the header position.  On
 *     successful return, this field will hold the selected header
 *     position.
 *
 * Returned Value:
 *   Zero is returned on success.  Otherwise, a negated errno value is
 *   returned indicating the nature of the failure.  Of special interest
 *   the return error of -ENOSPC which means that the FLASH volume is
 *   full and should be repacked.
 *
 *   On successful return the following are also valid:
 *
 *     wrfile->ofile.entry.hoffset - FLASH offset to candidate header
 *       position
 *     volume->ioblock - Read/write block number of the block containing the
 *       header position
 *     volume->iooffset - The offset in the block to the candidate header
 *       position.
 *     volume->froffset - Updated offset to the first free FLASH block.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static inline int nxffs_hdrpos(FAR struct nxffs_volume_s *volume,
                               FAR struct nxffs_wrfile_s *wrfile)
{
  int ret;

  /* Reserve memory for the object */

  ret = nxffs_wrreserve(volume, SIZEOF_NXFFS_INODE_HDR);
  if (ret == OK)
    {
      /* Save the offset to the FLASH region reserved for the inode header */

      wrfile->ofile.entry.hoffset = nxffs_iotell(volume);
    }

  return ret;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: nxffs_nampos
 *
 * Description:
 *   Find a valid location for the inode name.  A valid location will have
 *   these properties:
 *
 *   1. It will lie in the free flash region.
 *   2. It will have enough contiguous memory to hold the entire name
 *   3. The memory at this location will be fully erased.
 *
 *   This function will only perform the checks of 1) and 2).
 *
 * Input Parameters:
 *   volume - Describes the NXFFS volume
 *   wrfile - Contains the current guess for the name position.  On
 *     successful return, this field will hold the selected name
 *     position.
 *   namlen - The length of the name.
 *
 * Returned Value:
 *   Zero is returned on success.  Otherwise, a negated errno value is
 *   returned indicating the nature of the failure.  Of special interest
 *   the return error of -ENOSPC which means that the FLASH volume is
 *   full and should be repacked.
 *
 *   On successful return the following are also valid:
 *
 *     wrfile->ofile.entry.noffset - FLASH offset to candidate name position
 *     volume->ioblock - Read/write block number of the block containing the
 *       name position
 *     volume->iooffset - The offset in the block to the candidate name
 *       position.
 *     volume->froffset - Updated offset to the first free FLASH block.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static inline int nxffs_nampos(FAR struct nxffs_volume_s *volume,
                               FAR struct nxffs_wrfile_s *wrfile,
                               int namlen)
{
  int ret;

  /* Reserve memory for the object */

  ret = nxffs_wrreserve(volume, namlen);
  if (ret == OK)
    {
      /* Save the offset to the FLASH region reserved for the inode name */

      wrfile->ofile.entry.noffset = nxffs_iotell(volume);
    }

  return ret;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: nxffs_hdrerased
 *
 * Description:
 *   Find a valid location for the inode header.  A valid location will have
 *   these properties:
 *
 *   1. It will lie in the free flash region.
 *   2. It will have enough contiguous memory to hold the entire header
 *      (excluding the file name which may lie in the next block).
 *   3. The memory at this location will be fully erased.
 *
 *   This function will only perform the check 3).
 *
 *   On entry it assumes:
 *
 *     volume->ioblock  - Read/write block number of the block containing the
 *       header position
 *     volume->iooffset - The offset in the block to the candidate header
 *       position.
 *
 * Input Parameters:
 *   volume - Describes the NXFFS volume
 *   wrfile - Contains the current guess for the header position.  On
 *     successful return, this field will hold the selected header
 *     position.
 *
 * Returned Value:
 *   Zero is returned on success.  Otherwise, a negated errno value is
 *   returned indicating the nature of the failure.  Of special interest
 *   the return error of -ENOSPC which means that the FLASH volume is
 *   full and should be repacked.
 *
 *   On successful return the following are also valid:
 *
 *     wrfile->ofile.entry.hoffset - FLASH offset to candidate header
 *       position
 *     volume->ioblock - Read/write block number of the block containing the
 *       header position
 *     volume->iooffset - The offset in the block to the candidate header
 *       position.
 *     volume->froffset - Updated offset to the first free FLASH block.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static inline int nxffs_hdrerased(FAR struct nxffs_volume_s *volume,
                                  FAR struct nxffs_wrfile_s *wrfile)
{
  int ret;

  /* Find a valid location to save the inode header */

  ret = nxffs_wrverify(volume, SIZEOF_NXFFS_INODE_HDR);
  if (ret == OK)
    {
      /* This is where we will put the header */

      wrfile->ofile.entry.hoffset = nxffs_iotell(volume);
    }

  return ret;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: nxffs_namerased
 *
 * Description:
 *   Find a valid location for the inode name.  A valid location will have
 *   these properties:
 *
 *   1. It will lie in the free flash region.
 *   2. It will have enough contiguous memory to hold the entire name
 *      (excluding the file name which may lie in the next block).
 *   3. The memory at this location will be fully erased.
 *
 *   This function will only perform the check 3).
 *
 *   On entry it assumes:
 *
 *     volume->ioblock  - Read/write block number of the block containing the
 *       name position
 *     volume->iooffset - The offset in the block to the candidate name
 *       position.
 *
 * Input Parameters:
 *   volume - Describes the NXFFS volume
 *   wrfile - Contains the current guess for the name position.  On
 *     successful return, this field will hold the selected name
 *     position.
 *
 * Returned Value:
 *   Zero is returned on success.  Otherwise, a negated errno value is
 *   returned indicating the nature of the failure.  Of special interest
 *   the return error of -ENOSPC which means that the FLASH volume is
 *   full and should be repacked.
 *
 *   On successful return the following are also valid:
 *
 *     wrfile->ofile.entry.noffset - FLASH offset to candidate name position
 *     volume->ioblock - Read/write block number of the block containing the
 *       name position
 *     volume->iooffset - The offset in the block to the candidate name
 *       position.
 *     volume->froffset - Updated offset to the first free FLASH block.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static inline int nxffs_namerased(FAR struct nxffs_volume_s *volume,
                                  FAR struct nxffs_wrfile_s *wrfile,
                                  int namlen)
{
  int ret;

  /* Find a valid location to save the inode name */

  ret = nxffs_wrverify(volume, namlen);
  if (ret == OK)
    {
      /* This is where we will put the name */

      wrfile->ofile.entry.noffset = nxffs_iotell(volume);
    }

  return ret;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: nxffs_wrname
 *
 * Description:
 *   Write the inode name to cache at the position verified by
 *   nxffs_namerased().
 *
 *   On entry it assumes:
 *
 *     entry->noffset - FLASH offset to final name position
 *     volume->ioblock  - Read/write block number of the block containing the
 *       name position
 *     volume->iooffset - The offset in the block to the candidate name
 *       position.
 *
 * Input Parameters:
 *   volume - Describes the NXFFS volume
 *   entry - Describes the entry to be written.
 *
 * Returned Value:
 *   Zero is returned on success.  Otherwise, a negated errno value is
 *   returned indicating the nature of the failure.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static inline int nxffs_wrname(FAR struct nxffs_volume_s *volume,
                               FAR struct nxffs_entry_s *entry,
                               int namlen)
{
  int ret;

  /* Seek to the inode name position and assure that it is in the volume
   * cache.
   */

  nxffs_ioseek(volume, entry->noffset);
  ret = nxffs_rdcache(volume, volume->ioblock);
  if (ret < 0)
    {
      ferr("ERROR: Failed to read inode name block %jd: %d\n",
           (intmax_t)volume->ioblock, -ret);
      return ret;
    }

  /* Copy the inode name to the volume cache and write the inode name block */

  memcpy(&volume->cache[volume->iooffset], entry->name, namlen);
  ret = nxffs_wrcache(volume);
  if (ret < 0)
    {
      ferr("ERROR: Failed to write inode header block %jd: %d\n",
           (intmax_t)volume->ioblock, -ret);
    }

  return ret;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: nxffs_wropen
 *
 * Description:
 *   Handle opening for writing.  Only a single writer is permitted and only
 *   file creation is supported.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static inline int nxffs_wropen(FAR struct nxffs_volume_s *volume,
                               FAR const char *name, mode_t oflags,
                               FAR struct nxffs_ofile_s **ppofile)
{
  FAR struct nxffs_wrfile_s *wrfile;
  FAR struct nxffs_entry_s entry;
  bool packed;
  bool truncate = false;
  int namlen;
  int ret;

  /* Limitation: Only a single writer is permitted.  Writing may involve
   * extension of the file system in FLASH.  Since files are contiguous
   * in FLASH, only a single file may be extending the FLASH region.
   */

  ret = nxsem_wait(&volume->wrsem);
  if (ret < 0)
    {
      ferr("ERROR: nxsem_wait failed: %d\n", ret);
      goto errout;
    }

  /* Get exclusive access to the volume.  Note that the volume lock
   * protects the open file list.  Note that lock is ALWAYS taken
   * after wrsem to avoid deadlocks.
   */

  ret = nxmutex_lock(&volume->lock);
  if (ret < 0)
    {
      ferr("ERROR: nxmutex_lock failed: %d\n", ret);
      goto errout_with_wrsem;
    }

  /* Check if the file exists */

  ret = nxffs_findinode(volume, name, &entry);
  if (ret == OK)
    {
      FAR struct nxffs_ofile_s *ofile;

      /* It exists.  Release the entry. */

      nxffs_freeentry(&entry);

      /* Is the file already open for reading? */

      ofile = nxffs_findofile(volume, name);
      if (ofile)
        {
          /* The file is already open.
           * Limitation:  Files cannot be open both for reading and writing.
           */

          ferr("ERROR: File is open for reading\n");
          ret = -ENOSYS;
          goto errout_with_lock;
        }

      /* It would be an error if we are asked to create the file
       * exclusively.
       */

      else if ((oflags & (O_CREAT | O_EXCL)) == (O_CREAT | O_EXCL))
        {
          ferr("ERROR: File exists, can't create O_EXCL\n");
          ret = -EEXIST;
          goto errout_with_lock;
        }

      /* Were we asked to truncate the file?  NOTE: Don't truncate the
       * file if we were not also asked to created it.  See below...
       * we will not re-create the file unless O_CREAT is also specified.
       */

      else if ((oflags & (O_CREAT | O_TRUNC)) == (O_CREAT | O_TRUNC))
        {
          /* Just schedule the removal the file and fall through to re-create
           * it.
           * Note that the old file of the same name will not actually be
           * removed until the new file is successfully written.
           */

          truncate = true;
        }

      /* The file exists and we were not asked to truncate (and recreate) it.
       * Limitation: Cannot write to existing files.
       */

      else
        {
          ferr("ERROR: File %s exists and we were not asked to "
               "truncate it\n", name);
          ret = -ENOSYS;
          goto errout_with_lock;
        }
    }

  /* Okay, the file is not open and does not exists (maybe because we deleted
   * it).  Now, make sure that we were asked to created it.
   */

  if ((oflags & O_CREAT) == 0)
    {
      ferr("ERROR: Not asked to create the file\n");
      ret = -ENOENT;
      goto errout_with_lock;
    }

  /* Make sure that the length of the file name will fit in a uint8_t */

  namlen = strlen(name);
  if (namlen > CONFIG_NXFFS_MAXNAMLEN)
    {
      ferr("ERROR: Name is too long: %d\n", namlen);
      ret = -EINVAL;
      goto errout_with_lock;
    }

  /* Yes.. Create a new structure that will describe the state of this open
   * file.  NOTE that a special variant of the open file structure is used
   * that includes additional information to support the write operation.
   */

#ifdef CONFIG_NXFFS_PREALLOCATED
  wrfile = &g_wrfile;
  memset(wrfile, 0, sizeof(struct nxffs_wrfile_s));
#else
  wrfile = (FAR struct nxffs_wrfile_s *)
           kmm_zalloc(sizeof(struct nxffs_wrfile_s));
  if (!wrfile)
    {
      ret = -ENOMEM;
      goto errout_with_lock;
    }
#endif

  /* Initialize the open file state structure */

  wrfile->ofile.crefs     = 1;
  wrfile->ofile.oflags    = oflags;
  wrfile->ofile.entry.utc = time(NULL);
  wrfile->truncate        = truncate;

  /* Save a copy of the inode name. */

  wrfile->ofile.entry.name = strdup(name);
  if (!wrfile->ofile.entry.name)
    {
      ret = -ENOMEM;
      goto errout_with_ofile;
    }

  /* Allocate FLASH memory for the file and set up for the write.
   *
   * Loop until the inode header is configured or until a failure occurs.
   * Note that nothing is written to FLASH.  The inode header is not
   * written until the file is closed.
   */

  packed = false;
  for (; ; )
    {
      /* File a valid location to position the inode header.  Start with the
       * first byte in the free FLASH region.
       */

      ret = nxffs_hdrpos(volume, wrfile);
      if (ret == OK)
        {
          /* Find a region of memory in the block that is fully erased */

          ret = nxffs_hdrerased(volume, wrfile);
          if (ret == OK)
            {
              /* Valid memory for the inode header was found.  Break out of
               * the loop.
               */

              break;
            }
        }

      /* If no valid memory is found searching to the end of the volume,
       * then -ENOSPC will be returned.  Other errors are not handled.
       */

      if (ret != -ENOSPC || packed)
        {
          ferr("ERROR: Failed to find inode header memory: %d\n", -ret);
          goto errout_with_name;
        }

      /* -ENOSPC is a special case..  It means that the volume is full.
       * Try to pack the volume in order to free up some space.
       */

      ret = nxffs_pack(volume);
      if (ret < 0)
        {
          ferr("ERROR: Failed to pack the volume: %d\n", -ret);
          goto errout_with_name;
        }

      /* After packing the volume, froffset will be updated to point to the
       * new free flash region.  Try again.
       */

      packed = true;
    }

  /* Loop until the inode name is configured or until a failure occurs.
   * Note that nothing is written to FLASH.
   */

  for (; ; )
    {
      /* File a valid location to position the inode name.  Start with the
       * first byte in the free FLASH region.
       */

      ret = nxffs_nampos(volume, wrfile, namlen);
      if (ret == OK)
        {
          /* Find a region of memory in the block that is fully erased */

          ret = nxffs_namerased(volume, wrfile, namlen);
          if (ret == OK)
            {
              /* Valid memory for the inode header was found.  Write the
               * inode name to this location.
               */

              ret = nxffs_wrname(volume, &wrfile->ofile.entry, namlen);
              if (ret < 0)
                {
                  ferr("ERROR: Failed to write the inode name: %d\n", -ret);
                  goto errout_with_name;
                }

              /* Then just break out of the loop reporting success.  Note
               * that the alllocated inode name string is retained; it
               * will be needed later to calculate the inode CRC.
               */

              break;
            }
        }

      /* If no valid memory is found searching to the end of the volume,
       * then -ENOSPC will be returned.  Other errors are not handled.
       */

      if (ret != -ENOSPC || packed)
        {
          ferr("ERROR: Failed to find inode name memory: %d\n", -ret);
          goto errout_with_name;
        }

      /* -ENOSPC is a special case..  It means that the volume is full.
       * Try to pack the volume in order to free up some space.
       */

      ret = nxffs_pack(volume);
      if (ret < 0)
        {
          ferr("ERROR: Failed to pack the volume: %d\n", -ret);
          goto errout_with_name;
        }

      /* After packing the volume, froffset will be updated to point to the
       * new free flash region.  Try again.
       */

      packed = true;
    }

  /* Add the open file structure to the head of the list of open files */

  wrfile->ofile.flink = volume->ofiles;
  volume->ofiles      = &wrfile->ofile;

  /* Indicate that the volume is open for writing and return the open file
   * instance.  Releasing lock allows other readers while the write is
   * in progress.  But wrsem is still held for this open file, preventing
   * any further writers until this inode is closed.s
   */

  *ppofile = &wrfile->ofile;
  nxmutex_unlock(&volume->lock);
  return OK;

errout_with_name:
  lib_free(wrfile->ofile.entry.name);
errout_with_ofile:
#ifndef CONFIG_NXFFS_PREALLOCATED
  kmm_free(wrfile);
#endif

errout_with_lock:
  nxmutex_unlock(&volume->lock);
errout_with_wrsem:
  nxsem_post(&volume->wrsem);
errout:
  return ret;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: nxffs_rdopen
 *
 * Description:
 *   Open an existing file for reading.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static inline int nxffs_rdopen(FAR struct nxffs_volume_s *volume,
                               FAR const char *name,
                               FAR struct nxffs_ofile_s **ppofile)
{
  FAR struct nxffs_ofile_s *ofile;
  int ret;

  /* Get exclusive access to the volume.  Note that the volume lock
   * protects the open file list.
   */

  ret = nxmutex_lock(&volume->lock);
  if (ret != OK)
    {
      ferr("ERROR: nxmutex_lock failed: %d\n", ret);
      goto errout;
    }

  /* Check if the file has already been opened (for reading) */

  ofile = nxffs_findofile(volume, name);
  if (ofile)
    {
      /* The file is already open.
       * Limitation:  Files cannot be open both for reading and writing.
       */

      if ((ofile->oflags & O_WROK) != 0)
        {
          ferr("ERROR: File is open for writing\n");
          ret = -ENOSYS;
          goto errout_with_lock;
        }

      /* Just increment the reference count on the ofile */

      ofile->crefs++;
      finfo("crefs: %d\n", ofile->crefs);
    }

  /* The file has not yet been opened.
   * Limitation: The file must exist.  We do not support creation of files
   * read-only.
   */

  else
    {
      /* Not already open.. create a new open structure */

      ofile = (FAR struct nxffs_ofile_s *)
              kmm_zalloc(sizeof(struct nxffs_ofile_s));
      if (!ofile)
        {
          ferr("ERROR: ofile allocation failed\n");
          ret = -ENOMEM;
          goto errout_with_lock;
        }

      /* Initialize the open file state structure */

      ofile->crefs  = 1;
      ofile->oflags = O_RDOK;

      /* Find the file on this volume associated with this file name */

      ret = nxffs_findinode(volume, name, &ofile->entry);
      if (ret != OK)
        {
          finfo("Inode '%s' not found: %d\n", name, -ret);
          goto errout_with_ofile;
        }

      /* Add the open file structure to the head of the list of open files */

      ofile->flink   = volume->ofiles;
      volume->ofiles = ofile;
    }

  /* Return the open file state structure */

  *ppofile = ofile;
  nxmutex_unlock(&volume->lock);
  return OK;

errout_with_ofile:
  kmm_free(ofile);
errout_with_lock:
  nxmutex_unlock(&volume->lock);
errout:
  return ret;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: nxffs_remofile
 *
 * Description:
 *   Remove an entry from the open file list.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static inline void nxffs_remofile(FAR struct nxffs_volume_s *volume,
                                  FAR struct nxffs_ofile_s *ofile)
{
  FAR struct nxffs_ofile_s *prev;
  FAR struct nxffs_ofile_s *curr;

  /* Find the open file structure to be removed */

  for (prev = NULL, curr = volume->ofiles;
       curr && curr != ofile;
       prev = curr, curr = curr->flink);

  /* Was it found? */

  if (curr)
    {
      /* Yes.. at the head of the list? */

      if (prev)
        {
          prev->flink = ofile->flink;
        }
      else
        {
          volume->ofiles = ofile->flink;
        }
    }
  else
    {
      ferr("ERROR: Open inode %p not found\n", ofile);
    }
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: nxffs_freeofile
 *
 * Description:
 *   Free resources held by an open file.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static inline void nxffs_freeofile(FAR struct nxffs_volume_s *volume,
                                   FAR struct nxffs_ofile_s *ofile)
{
  /* Release the open file entry */

  nxffs_freeentry(&ofile->entry);

  /* Then free the open file container (unless this the pre-alloated
   * write-only open file container)
   */

#ifdef CONFIG_NXFFS_PREALLOCATED
  if ((FAR struct nxffs_wrfile_s *)ofile != &g_wrfile)
#endif
    {
      kmm_free(ofile);
    }
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: nxffs_wrclose
 *
 * Description:
 *   Perform special operations when a file is closed:
 *   1. Write the file block header
 *   2. Remove any file with the same name that was discovered when the
 *      file was open for writing, and finally,
 *   3. Write the new file inode.
 *
 * Input Parameters:
 *   volume - Describes the NXFFS volume
 *   wrfile - Describes the state of the open file
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

static inline int nxffs_wrclose(FAR struct nxffs_volume_s *volume,
                                FAR struct nxffs_wrfile_s *wrfile)
{
  int ret;

  /* Is there an unfinalized write data? */

  if (wrfile->datlen > 0)
    {
      /* Yes.. Write the final file block header */

      ret = nxffs_wrblkhdr(volume, wrfile);
      if (ret < 0)
        {
          ferr("ERROR: Failed to write the final block of the file: %d\n",
               -ret);
          goto errout;
        }
    }

  /* Truncation is implemented by writing the new file, then deleting the
   * older version of the file.  Note that we removed the entry from the
   * open file list earlier in the close sequence; this will prevent the
   * open file check from failing when we remove the old version of the
   * file.
   */

  if (wrfile->truncate && wrfile->ofile.entry.name)
    {
      finfo("Removing old file: %s\n", wrfile->ofile.entry.name);

      ret = nxffs_rminode(volume, wrfile->ofile.entry.name);
      if (ret < 0)
        {
          ferr("ERROR: nxffs_rminode failed: %d\n", -ret);
          goto errout;
        }
    }

  /* Write the inode header to FLASH */

  ret = nxffs_wrinode(volume, &wrfile->ofile.entry);

  /* The volume is now available for other writers */

errout:
  nxsem_post(&volume->wrsem);
  return ret;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Public Functions
 ****************************************************************************/

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: nxffs_findofile
 *
 * Description:
 *   Search the list of already opened files to see if the inode of this
 *   name is one of the opened files.
 *
 * Input Parameters:
 *   name - The name of the inode to check.
 *
 * Returned Value:
 *   If an inode of this name is found in the list of opened inodes, then
 *   a reference to the open file structure is returned.  NULL is returned
 *   otherwise.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

FAR struct nxffs_ofile_s *nxffs_findofile(FAR struct nxffs_volume_s *volume,
                                          FAR const char *name)
{
  FAR struct nxffs_ofile_s *ofile;

  /* Check every open file.  Note that the volume lock protects the
   * list of open files.
   */

  for (ofile = volume->ofiles; ofile; ofile = ofile->flink)
    {
      /* Check for a name match */

      if (strcmp(name, ofile->entry.name) == 0)
        {
          return ofile;
        }
    }

  return NULL;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: nxffs_findwriter
 *
 * Description:
 *   Search the list of already opened files and return the open file
 *   instance for the write.
 *
 * Input Parameters:
 *   volume - Describes the NXFFS volume.
 *
 * Returned Value:
 *   If there is an active writer of the volume, its open file instance is
 *   returned.  NULL is returned otherwise.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

FAR struct nxffs_wrfile_s *nxffs_findwriter(
                           FAR struct nxffs_volume_s *volume)
{
  /* We can tell if the write is in-use because it will have an allocated
   * name attached.
   */

#ifdef CONFIG_NXFFS_PREALLOCATED
  return g_wrfile.ofile.entry.name != NULL ? &g_wrfile : NULL;
#else
#  error "Missing implementation"
#endif
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: nxffs_open
 *
 * Description:
 *   This is the standard mountpoint open method.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

int nxffs_open(FAR struct file *filep, FAR const char *relpath,
               int oflags, mode_t mode)
{
  FAR struct nxffs_volume_s *volume;
  FAR struct nxffs_ofile_s *ofile = NULL;
  int ret;

  finfo("Open '%s'\n", relpath);

  /* Sanity checks */

  DEBUGASSERT(filep->f_priv == NULL);

  /* Get the mountpoint private data from the NuttX inode reference in the
   * file structure
   */

  volume = filep->f_inode->i_private;
  DEBUGASSERT(volume != NULL);

  /* Limitation:  A file must be opened for reading or writing, but not both.
   * There is no general way of extending the size of a file.  Extending the
   * file size of possible if the file to be extended is the last in the
   * sequence on FLASH, but since that case is not the general case, no file
   * extension is supported.
   */

  switch (oflags & (O_WROK | O_RDOK))
    {
      case 0:
      default:
        ferr("ERROR: One of O_WRONLY/O_RDONLY must be provided\n");
        return -EINVAL;

      case O_WROK:
        ret = nxffs_wropen(volume, relpath, oflags, &ofile);
        break;

      case O_RDOK:
        ret = nxffs_rdopen(volume, relpath, &ofile);
        break;

      case O_WROK | O_RDOK:
        ferr("ERROR: O_RDWR is not supported\n");
        return -ENOSYS;
    }

  /* Save the reference to the open-specific state in filep->f_priv */

  if (ret == OK)
    {
      filep->f_priv = ofile;
    }

  return ret;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: binfs_dup
 *
 * Description:
 *   Duplicate open file data in the new file structure.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

int nxffs_dup(FAR const struct file *oldp, FAR struct file *newp)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_ASSERTIONS
  FAR struct nxffs_volume_s *volume;
#endif
  FAR struct nxffs_ofile_s *ofile;

  finfo("Dup %p->%p\n", oldp, newp);

  /* Sanity checks */

#ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_ASSERTIONS
  DEBUGASSERT(oldp->f_priv == NULL && oldp->f_inode != NULL);

  /* Get the mountpoint private data from the NuttX inode reference in the
   * file structure
   */

  volume = oldp->f_inode->i_private;
  DEBUGASSERT(volume != NULL);
#endif

  /* Recover the open file state from the struct file instance */

  ofile = (FAR struct nxffs_ofile_s *)oldp->f_priv;

  /* I do not think we need exclusive access to the volume to do this.
   * The volume lock protects the open file list and, hence, would
   * assure that the ofile is stable.  However, it is assumed that the
   * caller holds a value file descriptor associated with this ofile,
   * so it should be stable throughout the life of this function.
   */

  /* Limitations: I do not think we have to be concerned about the
   * usual NXFFS file limitations here:  dup'ing cannot resulting
   * in mixed reading and writing to the same file, or multiple
   * writer to different file.
   *
   * I notice that nxffs_wropen will prohibit multiple opens for
   * writing. But I do not thing that dup'ing a file already opened
   * for writing suffers from any of these issues.
   */

  /* Just increment the reference count on the ofile */

  ofile->crefs++;
  newp->f_priv = ofile;
  return OK;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: nxffs_close
 *
 * Description:
 *   This is the standard mountpoint close method.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

int nxffs_close(FAR struct file *filep)
{
  FAR struct nxffs_volume_s *volume;
  FAR struct nxffs_ofile_s *ofile;
  int ret;

  finfo("Closing\n");

  /* Sanity checks */

  DEBUGASSERT(filep->f_priv != NULL);

  /* Recover the open file state from the struct file instance */

  ofile = (FAR struct nxffs_ofile_s *)filep->f_priv;

  /* Recover the volume state from the open file */

  volume = filep->f_inode->i_private;
  DEBUGASSERT(volume != NULL);

  /* Get exclusive access to the volume.  Note that the volume lock
   * protects the open file list.
   */

  ret = nxmutex_lock(&volume->lock);
  if (ret != OK)
    {
      ferr("ERROR: nxmutex_lock failed: %d\n", ret);
      goto errout;
    }

  /* Decrement the reference count on the open file */

  ret = OK;
  if (ofile->crefs == 1)
    {
      /* Decrementing the reference count would take it zero.
       *
       * Remove the entry from the open file list.  We do this early
       * to avoid some chick-and-egg problems with file truncation.
       */

      nxffs_remofile(volume, ofile);

      /* Handle special finalization of the write operation. */

      if ((ofile->oflags & O_WROK) != 0)
        {
          ret = nxffs_wrclose(volume, (FAR struct nxffs_wrfile_s *)ofile);
        }

      /* Release all resources held by the open file */

      nxffs_freeofile(volume, ofile);
    }
  else
    {
      /* Just decrement the reference count */

      ofile->crefs--;
    }

  filep->f_priv = NULL;
  nxmutex_unlock(&volume->lock);

errout:
  return ret;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: nxffs_wrinode
 *
 * Description:
 *   Write the inode header (only to FLASH.  This is done in two contexts:
 *
 *   1. When an inode is closed, or
 *   2. As part of the file system packing logic when an inode is moved.
 *
 * Note that in either case, the inode name has already been written to
 * FLASH.
 *
 * Input Parameters:
 *   volume - Describes the NXFFS volume
 *   entry  - Describes the inode header to write
 *
 * Returned Value:
 *   Zero is returned on success; Otherwise, a negated errno value is
 *   returned indicating the nature of the failure.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

int nxffs_wrinode(FAR struct nxffs_volume_s *volume,
                  FAR struct nxffs_entry_s *entry)
{
  FAR struct nxffs_inode_s *inode;
  uint32_t crc;
  int namlen;
  int ret;

  /* Seek to the inode header position and assure that it is in the volume
   * cache.
   */

  nxffs_ioseek(volume, entry->hoffset);
  ret = nxffs_rdcache(volume, volume->ioblock);
  if (ret < 0)
    {
      ferr("ERROR: Failed to read inode header block %jd: %d\n",
           (intmax_t)volume->ioblock, -ret);
      goto errout;
    }

  /* Get the length of the inode name */

  namlen = strlen(entry->name);
  DEBUGASSERT(namlen < CONFIG_NXFFS_MAXNAMLEN); /* This was verified earlier */

  /* Initialize the inode header */

  inode = (FAR struct nxffs_inode_s *)&volume->cache[volume->iooffset];
  memcpy(inode->magic, g_inodemagic, NXFFS_MAGICSIZE);

  inode->state  = CONFIG_NXFFS_ERASEDSTATE;
  inode->namlen = namlen;

  nxffs_wrle32(inode->noffs,  entry->noffset);
  nxffs_wrle32(inode->doffs,  entry->doffset);
  nxffs_wrle32(inode->utc,    entry->utc);
  nxffs_wrle32(inode->crc,    0);
  nxffs_wrle32(inode->datlen, entry->datlen);

  /* Calculate the CRC */

  crc = crc32((FAR const uint8_t *)inode, SIZEOF_NXFFS_INODE_HDR);
  crc = crc32part((FAR const uint8_t *)entry->name, namlen, crc);

  /* Finish the inode header */

  inode->state = INODE_STATE_FILE;
  nxffs_wrle32(inode->crc, crc);

  /* Write the block with the inode header */

  ret = nxffs_wrcache(volume);
  if (ret < 0)
    {
      ferr("ERROR: Failed to write inode header block %jd: %d\n",
           (intmax_t)volume->ioblock, -ret);
    }

  /* The volume is now available for other writers */

errout:
  nxsem_post(&volume->wrsem);
  return ret;
}

/****************************************************************************
 * Name: nxffs_updateinode
 *
 * Description:
 *   The packing logic has moved an inode.  Check if any open files are using
 *   this inode and, if so, move the data in the open file structure as well.
 *
 * Input Parameters:
 *   volume - Describes the NXFFS volume
 *   entry  - Describes the new inode entry
 *
 * Returned Value:
 *   Zero is returned on success; Otherwise, a negated errno value is
 *   returned indicating the nature of the failure.
 *
 ****************************************************************************/

int nxffs_updateinode(FAR struct nxffs_volume_s *volume,
                      FAR struct nxffs_entry_s *entry)
{
  FAR struct nxffs_ofile_s *ofile;

  /* Find the open inode structure matching this name */

  ofile = nxffs_findofile(volume, entry->name);
  if (ofile)
    {
      /* Yes.. the file is open.  Update the FLASH offsets to inode headers */

      ofile->entry.hoffset = entry->hoffset;
      ofile->entry.noffset = entry->noffset;
      ofile->entry.doffset = entry->doffset;
    }

  return OK;
}