495 lines
17 KiB
C
495 lines
17 KiB
C
/****************************************************************************
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* include/dsp.h
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*
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* Copyright (C) 2018 Gregory Nutt. All rights reserved.
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* Author: Mateusz Szafoni <raiden00@railab.me>
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*
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* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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* are met:
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*
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* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
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* the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
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* distribution.
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* 3. Neither the name NuttX nor the names of its contributors may be
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* used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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* without specific prior written permission.
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*
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* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
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* "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
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* LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS
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* FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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* COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
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* INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
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* BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS
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* OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED
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* AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
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* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
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* ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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* POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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*
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****************************************************************************/
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#ifndef __INCLUDE_DSP_H
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#define __INCLUDE_DSP_H
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/****************************************************************************
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* Included Files
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****************************************************************************/
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#include <nuttx/compiler.h>
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#include <stddef.h>
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#include <stdint.h>
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#include <string.h>
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#include <stdbool.h>
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#include <math.h>
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#include <assert.h>
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/****************************************************************************
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* Pre-processor Definitions
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****************************************************************************/
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/* Disable DEBUGASSERT macro if LIBDSP debug is not enabled */
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#ifdef CONFIG_LIBDSP_DEBUG
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# ifndef CONFIG_DEBUG_ASSERTIONS
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# warning "Need CONFIG_DEBUG_ASSERTIONS to work properly"
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# endif
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#else
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# undef DEBUGASSERT
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# define DEBUGASSERT(x)
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#endif
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#ifndef CONFIG_LIBDSP_PRECISION
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# define CONFIG_LIBDSP_PRECISION 0
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#endif
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#if !defined(CONFIG_LIBM) && !defined(CONFIG_ARCH_MATH_H)
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# error math.h not defined!
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#endif
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/* Phase rotation direction */
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#define DIR_CW (1.0f)
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#define DIR_CCW (-1.0f)
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/* Some math constants ******************************************************/
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#define SQRT3_BY_TWO_F (0.866025f)
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#define SQRT3_BY_THREE_F (0.57735f)
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#define ONE_BY_SQRT3_F (0.57735f)
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#define TWO_BY_SQRT3_F (1.15470f)
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/* Some lib constants *******************************************************/
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/* Motor electrical angle is in range 0.0 to 2*PI */
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#define MOTOR_ANGLE_E_MAX (2.0f*M_PI_F)
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#define MOTOR_ANGLE_E_MIN (0.0f)
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#define MOTOR_ANGLE_E_RANGE (MOTOR_ANGLE_E_MAX - MOTOR_ANGLE_E_MIN)
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/* Motor mechanical angle is in range 0.0 to 2*PI */
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#define MOTOR_ANGLE_M_MAX (2.0f*M_PI_F)
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#define MOTOR_ANGLE_M_MIN (0.0f)
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#define MOTOR_ANGLE_M_RANGE (MOTOR_ANGLE_M_MAX - MOTOR_ANGLE_M_MIN)
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/* Some useful macros *******************************************************/
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/****************************************************************************
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* Name: LP_FILTER
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*
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* Description:
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* Simple single-pole digital low pass filter:
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* Y(n) = (1-beta)*Y(n-1) + beta*X(n) = (beta * (Y(n-1) - X(n)))
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*
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* filter - (0.0 - 1.0) where 1.0 gives unfiltered values
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* filter = T * (2*PI) * f_c
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*
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* phase shift = -arctan(f_in/f_c)
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*
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* T - period at which the digital filter is being calculated
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* f_in - input frequency of the filter
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* f_c - cutoff frequency of the filter
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*
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* REFERENCE: https://www.embeddedrelated.com/showarticle/779.php
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*
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****************************************************************************/
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#define LP_FILTER(val, sample, filter) val -= (filter * (val - sample))
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/****************************************************************************
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* Name: SVM3_BASE_VOLTAGE_GET
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*
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* Description:
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* Get maximum voltage for SVM3 without overmodulation
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*
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* Notes:
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* max possible phase voltage for 3-phase power inwerter:
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* Vd = (2/3)*Vdc
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* max phase reference voltage according to SVM modulation diagram:
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* Vrefmax = Vd * cos(30*) = SQRT3_BY_2 * Vd
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* which give us:
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* Vrefmax = SQRT3_BY_3 * Vdc
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*
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* Vdc - bus voltage
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*
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****************************************************************************/
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#define SVM3_BASE_VOLTAGE_GET(vbus) (vbus * SQRT3_BY_THREE_F)
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/****************************************************************************
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* Public Types
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****************************************************************************/
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/* This structure represents phase angle.
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* Besides angle value it also stores sine and cosine values for given angle.
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*/
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struct phase_angle_s
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{
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float angle; /* Phase angle in radians <0, 2PI> */
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float sin; /* Phase angle sine */
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float cos; /* Phase angle cosine */
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};
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typedef struct phase_angle_s phase_angle_t;
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/* This structure stores motor angles and corresponding sin and cos values
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*
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* th_el = th_m * pole_pairs
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* th_m = th_el/pole_pairs
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*
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* where:
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* th_el - motor electrical angle
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* th_m - motor mechanical angle
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* pole_pairs - motor pole pairs
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*
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* NOTE: pole_pairs = poles_total/2
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*/
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struct motor_angle_s
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{
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phase_angle_t angle_el; /* Electrical angle */
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float anglem; /* Mechanical angle in radians <0, 2PI> */
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float one_by_p; /* Aux variable */
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uint8_t p; /* Number of the motor pole pairs */
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int8_t i; /* Pole counter */
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};
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/* Float number saturaton */
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struct float_sat_s
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{
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float min; /* Lower limit */
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float max; /* Upper limit */
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};
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typedef struct float_sat_s float_sat_t;
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/* PI/PID controller state structure */
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struct pid_controller_s
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{
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float out; /* Controller output */
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float_sat_t sat; /* Output saturation */
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float err; /* Current error value */
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float err_prev; /* Previous error value */
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float KP; /* Proportional coefficient */
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float KI; /* Integral coefficient */
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float KD; /* Derivative coefficient */
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float part[3]; /* 0 - proporitonal part
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* 1 - integral part
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* 2 - derivative part
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*/
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};
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typedef struct pid_controller_s pid_controller_t;
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/* This structure represents the ABC frame (3 phase vector) */
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struct abc_frame_s
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{
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float a; /* A component */
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float b; /* B component */
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float c; /* C component */
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};
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typedef struct abc_frame_s abc_frame_t;
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/* This structure represents the alpha-beta frame (2 phase vector) */
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struct ab_frame_s
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{
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float a; /* Alpha component */
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float b; /* Beta component */
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};
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typedef struct ab_frame_s ab_frame_t;
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/* This structure represent the direct-quadrature frame */
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struct dq_frame_s
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{
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float d; /* Driect component */
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float q; /* Quadrature component */
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};
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typedef struct dq_frame_s dq_frame_t;
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/* Space Vector Modulation data for 3-phase system */
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struct svm3_state_s
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{
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uint8_t sector; /* Current space vector sector */
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float d_u; /* Duty cycle for phase U */
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float d_v; /* Duty cycle for phase V */
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float d_w; /* Duty cycle for phase W */
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float d_max; /* Duty cycle max */
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float d_min; /* Duty cycle min */
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};
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/* Motor open-loop control data */
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struct openloop_data_s
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{
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float max; /* Open-loop max speed */
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float angle; /* Open-loop current angle normalized to <0.0, 2PI> */
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float per; /* Open-loop control execution period */
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};
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/* Common motor observer structure */
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struct motor_observer_s
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{
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float angle; /* Estimated observer angle */
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float speed; /* Estimated observer speed */
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float per; /* Observer execution period */
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float angle_err; /* Observer angle error.
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* This can be used to gradually eliminate
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* error between openloop angle and observer
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* angle
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*/
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/* There are different types of motor observers which different
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* sets of private data.
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*/
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void *so; /* Speed estimation observer data */
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void *ao; /* Angle estimation observer data */
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};
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/* Speed observer division method data */
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struct motor_sobserver_div_s
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{
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float angle_diff; /* Mechanical angle difference */
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float angle_acc; /* Accumulated mechanical angle */
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float angle_prev; /* Previous mechanical angle */
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float one_by_dt; /* Frequency of observer execution */
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float cntr; /* Sample counter */
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float samples; /* Number of samples for observer */
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float filter; /* Low-pass filter for final omega */
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};
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/* Speed observer PLL method data */
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#if 0
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struct motor_sobserver_pll_s
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{
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/* TODO */
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};
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#endif
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/* Motor Sliding Mode Observer private data */
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struct motor_observer_smo_s
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{
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float k_slide; /* Bang-bang controller gain */
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float err_max; /* Linear mode threshold */
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float F; /* Current observer F gain (1-Ts*R/L) */
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float G; /* Current observer G gain (Ts/L) */
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float emf_lp_filter1; /* Adaptive first low pass EMF filter */
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float emf_lp_filter2; /* Adaptive second low pass EMF filter */
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ab_frame_t emf; /* Estimated back-EMF */
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ab_frame_t emf_f; /* Fitlered estimated back-EMF */
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ab_frame_t z; /* Correction factor */
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ab_frame_t i_est; /* Estimated idq current */
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ab_frame_t v_err; /* v_err = v_ab - emf */
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ab_frame_t i_err; /* i_err = i_est - i_dq */
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ab_frame_t sign; /* Bang-bang controller sign */
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};
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/* Motor physical parameters.
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* This data structure was designed to work with BLDC/PMSM motors,
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* but probably can be used to describe different types of motors.
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*/
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struct motor_phy_params_s
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{
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uint8_t p; /* Number of the motor pole pairs */
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float res; /* Phase-to-neutral temperature compensated
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* resistance
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*/
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float res_base; /* Phase-to-neutral base resistance */
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float res_alpha; /* Temperature coefficient of resistance */
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float res_temp_ref; /* Reference temperature of alpha */
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float ind; /* Average phase-to-neutral inductance */
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float one_by_ind; /* Inverse phase-to-neutral inductance */
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};
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/* Field oriented control (FOC) data
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* REVISIT:
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*/
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struct foc_data_s
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{
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abc_frame_t v_abc; /* Voltage in ABC frame */
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ab_frame_t v_ab; /* Voltage in alpha-beta frame */
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dq_frame_t v_dq; /* Voltage in dq frame */
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ab_frame_t v_ab_mod; /* Modulation voltage normalized to
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* magnitude (0.0, 1.0)
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*/
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abc_frame_t i_abc; /* Current in ABC frame */
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ab_frame_t i_ab; /* Current in apha-beta frame */
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dq_frame_t i_dq; /* Current in dq frame */
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dq_frame_t i_dq_err; /* DQ current error */
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dq_frame_t i_dq_ref; /* Current dq reference frame */
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pid_controller_t id_pid; /* Current d-axis component PI controller */
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pid_controller_t iq_pid; /* Current q-axis component PI controller */
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float vdq_mag_max; /* Maximum dq voltage magnitude */
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float vab_mod_scale; /* Voltage alpha-beta modulation scale */
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};
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/****************************************************************************
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* Public Functions Prototypes
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****************************************************************************/
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#undef EXTERN
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#if defined(__cplusplus)
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#define EXTERN extern "C"
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extern "C"
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{
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#else
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#define EXTERN extern
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#endif
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/* Math functions */
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float fast_sin(float angle);
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float fast_sin2(float angle);
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float fast_cos(float angle);
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float fast_cos2(float angle);
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float fast_atan2(float y, float x);
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void f_saturate(FAR float *val, float min, float max);
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float vector2d_mag(float x, float y);
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void vector2d_saturate(FAR float *x, FAR float *y, float max);
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void dq_saturate(FAR dq_frame_t *dq, float max);
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float dq_mag(FAR dq_frame_t *dq);
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/* PID controller functions */
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void pid_controller_init(FAR pid_controller_t *pid,
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float KP, float KI, float KD);
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void pi_controller_init(FAR pid_controller_t *pid,
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float KP, float KI);
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void pid_saturation_set(FAR pid_controller_t *pid, float min, float max);
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void pi_saturation_set(FAR pid_controller_t *pid, float min, float max);
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void pid_integral_reset(FAR pid_controller_t *pid);
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void pi_integral_reset(FAR pid_controller_t *pid);
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float pi_controller(FAR pid_controller_t *pid, float err);
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float pid_controller(FAR pid_controller_t *pid, float err);
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/* Transformation functions */
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void clarke_transform(FAR abc_frame_t *abc, FAR ab_frame_t *ab);
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void inv_clarke_transform(FAR ab_frame_t *ab, FAR abc_frame_t *abc);
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void park_transform(FAR phase_angle_t *angle, FAR ab_frame_t *ab,
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FAR dq_frame_t *dq);
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void inv_park_transform(FAR phase_angle_t *angle, FAR dq_frame_t *dq,
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FAR ab_frame_t *ab);
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/* Phase angle related functions */
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void angle_norm(FAR float *angle, float per, float bottom, float top);
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void angle_norm_2pi(FAR float *angle, float bottom, float top);
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void phase_angle_update(FAR struct phase_angle_s *angle, float val);
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/* 3-phase system space vector modulation */
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void svm3_init(FAR struct svm3_state_s *s, float min, float max);
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void svm3(FAR struct svm3_state_s *s, FAR ab_frame_t *ab);
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void svm3_current_correct(FAR struct svm3_state_s *s,
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int32_t *c0, int32_t *c1, int32_t *c2);
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/* Field Oriented control */
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void foc_vbase_update(FAR struct foc_data_s *foc, float vbase);
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void foc_idq_ref_set(FAR struct foc_data_s *data, float d, float q);
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void foc_init(FAR struct foc_data_s *data,
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float id_kp, float id_ki, float iq_kp, float iq_ki);
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void foc_process(FAR struct foc_data_s *foc,
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FAR abc_frame_t *i_abc,
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FAR phase_angle_t *angle);
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/* BLDC/PMSM motor observers */
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void motor_observer_init(FAR struct motor_observer_s *observer,
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FAR void *ao, FAR void *so, float per);
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float motor_observer_speed_get(FAR struct motor_observer_s *o);
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float motor_observer_angle_get(FAR struct motor_observer_s *o);
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void motor_observer_smo_init(FAR struct motor_observer_smo_s *smo,
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float kslide, float err_max);
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void motor_observer_smo(FAR struct motor_observer_s *o,
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FAR ab_frame_t *i_ab, FAR ab_frame_t *v_ab,
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FAR struct motor_phy_params_s *phy, float dir);
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void motor_sobserver_div_init(FAR struct motor_sobserver_div_s *so,
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uint8_t samples, float filer, float per);
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void motor_sobserver_div(FAR struct motor_observer_s *o,
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float angle, float dir);
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/* Motor openloop control */
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void motor_openloop_init(FAR struct openloop_data_s *op,
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float max, float per);
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void motor_openloop(FAR struct openloop_data_s *op, float speed, float dir);
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float motor_openloop_angle_get(FAR struct openloop_data_s *op);
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/* Motor angle */
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void motor_angle_init(FAR struct motor_angle_s *angle, uint8_t p);
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void motor_angle_e_update(FAR struct motor_angle_s *angle,
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float angle_new, float dir);
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void motor_angle_m_update(FAR struct motor_angle_s *angle,
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float angle_new, float dir);
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float motor_angle_m_get(FAR struct motor_angle_s *angle);
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float motor_angle_e_get(FAR struct motor_angle_s *angle);
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/* Motor physical parameters functions */
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void motor_phy_params_init(FAR struct motor_phy_params_s *phy, uint8_t poles,
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float res, float ind);
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void motor_phy_params_temp_set(FAR struct motor_phy_params_s *phy,
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float res_alpha, float res_temp_ref);
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#undef EXTERN
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#if defined(__cplusplus)
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}
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#endif
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#endif /* __INCLUDE_DSP_H */
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